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1.广州中医药大学 中药学院,广州 510006
2.广东华南疫苗股份有限公司,广州 510663
3.华南农业大学 生命科学学院,广州 510642
4.阳春市砂仁试验示范场,广东 阳春 529600
5.广州中医药大学 岭南中药资源教育部重点实验室,广州 510006
[第一作者] 何卓航,在读硕士,从事药用植物资源利用与生物技术研究,E-mail:775900345@qq.com
*何国振,博士,教授,从事药用植物生理与分子生物学研究,Tel:020-39358553,E-mail:heguozhen@gzucm.edu.cn
纸质出版日期:2020-05-05,
网络出版日期:2020-01-16,
收稿日期:2019-11-06,
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何卓航, 陈红, 汤丽云, 等. 阳春砂小花假合蕊柱的形成过程[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2020,26(9):176-183.
Zhuo-hang HE, Hong CHEN, Li-yun TANG, et al. Forming Process of Gynandrium-like in
何卓航, 陈红, 汤丽云, 等. 阳春砂小花假合蕊柱的形成过程[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2020,26(9):176-183. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20200912.
Zhuo-hang HE, Hong CHEN, Li-yun TANG, et al. Forming Process of Gynandrium-like in
目的:
2
研究阳春砂小花假合蕊柱的形成过程。
方法:
2
将阳春砂小花自0.5 cm长度至开花后一天划分为8个生长时期,对小花鲜样解剖并制作石蜡切片,测定花药腔的高度,花粉囊裂口夹角,花粉囊缝隙宽度,花柱直径,花丝与唇瓣的夹角(
α
),花丝与花药的夹角(
β
)。
结果:
2
花粉囊夹角在开花前无明显变化,开花时从32°缩小为17°。两对花粉囊间的缝隙宽度在第5时期增大至约0.29 mm,同时期的花柱直径约0.32 mm,两者比例达92%。相比开花前一天,开花时
α
角从83°减小为42°,
β
角从186°减小为147°。花丝的远轴侧比近轴侧多1至5层细胞,花柱的近轴侧比远轴侧多1至6层细胞。
结论:
2
远、近轴侧细胞结构的不对称性是花丝、花柱运动的基础。在第5时期,花粉囊间的缝隙增大至几乎与花柱等径,花柱运动嵌入花粉囊间。开花时花粉囊夹角缩小,将花粉囊间隙出口封闭,花柱留在花粉囊间,同时角
α
,
β
剧烈减小,雄蕊将雌蕊夹在其中向唇瓣弯曲,最终形成半包于唇瓣内的假合蕊柱结构。
Objective:
2
To study the forming process of the gynandrium-like in
Amomum villosum
.
Method:
2
The flowerets were divided into 8 growth periods from 0.5 cm in length to the day after flowering. Fresh sample were anatomized
and paraffin sectioning was performed on the flowerets. The height of anther chamber
the pollen sac angles
the width of anther gap
the diameter of style
the filament-labellum angle (
α
)
and the filament-anther angle (
β
) were determined.
Result:
2
The angle of the pollen sac had no obvious change before flowering
but decreased from 32° to 17° after flowering. The width of anther gap increased to 0.29 mm in the 5
th
growth period
while the diameter of style was 0.32 mm in the same period
the ratio of them was 92%. Compared with the day before flowering
the angle
α
decreased from 83° to 42° during flowering
and the angle
β
decreased from 186° to 147°. In the filament
the abaxial side had 1 to 5 layers of cells more than the adaxial side. In the style
it was found that the adaxial side had 1 to 6 layers of cells more than the abaxial side.
Conclusion:
2
The asymmetry of the cell structure at abaxial and adaxial sides of the filament and style is the basis of the movement. In the 5
th
growth period
the width of anther gap increased almost to the size of style
so the style was able to slide in. When blossoming
the pollen sacs quickly squeezed to the gap in middle
and the entrance for style to access was blocked. Therefore
the style had to remain in the gap of the pollen sacs. Meanwhile
angles
α
and
β
drastically decreased
resulting in the stamen sandwiched the pistil and bending together toward the labellum. The gynandrium-like structure was formed.
阳春砂花器假合蕊柱形成过程
Amomum villosumfloweret structuregynandrium-likeforming process
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