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成都中医药大学 基础医学院,成都 610075
刘兴隆,博士,讲师,从事方剂的理论与应用研究,E-mail:liuxinglong@cdutcm.edu.cn
贾波,教授,博士生导师,从事脾胃病证的方剂配伍理论与临证运用研究,E-mail:jiabocdutcm@126.com
收稿日期:2023-06-01,
网络出版日期:2023-08-15,
纸质出版日期:2023-10-05
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刘兴隆,张培旭,熊珮宇等.基于PI3K/Akt/NF-κB通路探讨人参败毒散、榆瑞灌肠液内外合治干预溃疡性结肠炎大鼠肠黏膜损伤的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(19):42-51.
LIU Xinglong,ZHANG Peixu,XIONG Peiyu,et al.Renshen Baidusan Combined with Yurui Enema Treats Intestinal Mucosal Injury in Rat Model of Ulcerative Colitis via PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(19):42-51.
刘兴隆,张培旭,熊珮宇等.基于PI3K/Akt/NF-κB通路探讨人参败毒散、榆瑞灌肠液内外合治干预溃疡性结肠炎大鼠肠黏膜损伤的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(19):42-51. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20231044.
LIU Xinglong,ZHANG Peixu,XIONG Peiyu,et al.Renshen Baidusan Combined with Yurui Enema Treats Intestinal Mucosal Injury in Rat Model of Ulcerative Colitis via PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(19):42-51. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20231044.
目的
2
从磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/核转录因子-
κ
B(NF-
κ
B)相关通路指标变化,探讨内治方人参败毒散、外治方榆瑞灌肠液及二方合用对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)大鼠肠黏膜损伤的作用机制。
方法
2
将50只SPF级SD大鼠,随机分为空白组、模型组、人参败毒散组(内治15.6 g·kg
-1
)、榆瑞灌肠液组(外治25 g·kg
-1
)、内外合治组(内治15.6 g·kg
-1
+外治25 g·kg
-1
),每组10只。除空白组外,采用2,4,6-三硝基本磺酸(TNBS)/乙醇诱导大鼠建立UC动物模型,造模后第8天给药,日1次,连续14 d。苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察结肠组织病理学变化;采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测结肠组织肿瘤坏死因子-
α
(TNF-
α
)、
γ
干扰素(IFN-
γ
)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量;采用原位末端标记法(TUNEL)检测结肠上皮细胞凋亡情况;采用免疫组化法检测结肠组织B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、TNF-
α
、IL-6定位及表达情况;采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)和蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测结肠组织PI3K/Akt/NF-
κ
B通路相关mRNA和蛋白表达。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组大鼠结肠组织HE染色后镜下可见黏膜及黏膜下层大量炎性细胞浸润,结肠组织TNF-
α
、IFN-
γ
含量增高,IL-4、IL-10含量降低(
P
<
0.05),结肠组织上皮细胞凋亡率增高(
P
<
0.05),结肠组织Bax、TNF-
α
、IL-6阳性表达增高,Bcl-2阳性表达降低(
P
<
0.05),结肠组织PI3K、Akt、NF-
κ
B mRNA表达升高(
P
<
0.05),PI3K、磷酸化(p)-PI3K、Akt、p-Akt、p65、p-p65、Bax、活化(cleaved) Caspase-3蛋白表达、Bax/Bcl-2、cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase-3表达增高(
P
<
0.05),NF-
κ
B抑制蛋白
α
(I
κ
B
α
)、Bcl-2、Caspase-3蛋白表达降低(
P
<
0.05)。与模型组比较,给药后内治组、外治组、合治组大鼠结肠黏膜损伤均有一定程度的改善,结肠组织TNF-
α
、IFN-
γ
含量降低,IL-4、IL-10含量升高(
P
<
0.05),结肠细胞凋亡率明显降低(
P
<
0.05),Bax、TNF-
α
、IL-6阳性表达降低,Bcl-2阳性表达增加(
P
<
0.05);合治组PI3K mRNA表达降低(
P
<
0.05);3个给药组结肠Akt、NF-
κ
B mRNA表达降低(
P
<
0.05),p-PI3K、Akt、p-Akt、p65、p-p65、Bax、cleaved Caspase-3蛋白表达、Bax/Bcl-2、cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase-3明显降低(
P
<
0.05),I
κ
B
α
、Bcl-2、Caspase-3蛋白表达升高(
P
<
0.05)。
结论
2
人参败毒散内治、榆瑞灌肠液外治及内外合治方法可能是通过抑制PI3K/Akt/NF-
κ
B信号通路的激活,调节该通路相关的基因和蛋白表达,达到抗炎、抗凋亡的作用,恢复UC大鼠肠黏膜屏障功能。
Objective
2
To explore the mechanisms of internal treatment (Renshen Baidusan), external treatment (Yurui Enema), and combination of the two methods in treating intestinal mucosal injury in the rat model of ulcerative colitis (UC) from the changes of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/nuclear factor-
κ
B (NF-
κ
B) pathway.
Method
2
Fifty SPF-grade SD rats were randomized into blank, model, Renshen Baidusan (15.6 g·kg
-1
), Yurui Enema (25 g·kg
-1
), and combined treatment (15.6 g·kg
-1
Renshen Baidusan + 25 g·kg
-1
Yurui Enema) groups (
n
=10). The rat model of UC was established in other groups except the blank group by 2,4, 6-trinitrosulfonic acid (TNBS)/ethanol. The rats were administered with corresponding drugs once a day for 14 consecutive days since the 8th day after modeling. The histopathological changes of colon were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-
α
, interferon (IFN)-
γ
, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-10 in the colon tissue. The apoptosis of colon epithelial cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL). The location and expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), TNF-
α
, and IL-6 in the colon tissue were examined by immunohistochemistry. Real-time quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) and Western blot were employed to determine the mRNA and protein levels, respectively, of the proteins in the PI3K/Akt/NF-
κ
B pathway in the colon tissue.
Result
2
In the model group, HE staining showed a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration in the mucosa and submucosa. Compared with the blank group, the model group showed elevated levels of TNF-
α
and IFN-
γ
and lowered levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in the colon tissue, increased apoptosis rate of colon epithelial cells, increased positive expression of Bax, TNF-
α
, and IL-6, and decreased positive expression of Bcl-2 (
P
<
0.05). Moreover, the model group showed up-regulated mRNA levels of PI3K, Akt, and NF-
κ
B and protein levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, p65, p-p65, Bax, and cleaved Caspase-3, increased Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase-3 ratios, and down-regulated protein levels of NF-
κ
B suppressor protein
α
(I
κ
B
α
), Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 in the colon tissue (
P
<
0.05). Compared with the model group, the internal treatment, the external treatment, and the combination (referred to as the three groups) alleviated the colonic mucosal injury, lowered the levels of TNF-
α
and IFN-
γ
and elevated the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in the colon tissue, decreased the apoptosis rate of colon cells, inhibited the positive expression of Bax, TNF-
α
, and IL-6, and promoted the positive expression of Bcl-2 (
P
<
0.05). Furthermore, the combination group down-regulated the mRNA level of PI3K (
P
<
0.05). The three groups down-regulated the mRNA levels of Akt and NF-
κ
B and the protein levels of p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, p65, p-p65, Bax, and cleaved Caspase-3 in the colon tissue, decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase-3 ratios, and up-regulated the protein levels of I
κ
B
α
, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 (
P
<
0.05).
Conclusion
2
Renshen Baidusan, Yurui Enema, and their combination may inhibit the activation of PI3K/Akt/NF-
κ
B signaling pathway and regulate the expression of genes and proteins related to this pathway to achieve anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, thus restoring the intestinal mucosal barrier function of UC rats.
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