1.河南中医药大学 中医药科学院,郑州 450046
2.河南中医药大学 药学院,郑州 450046
王萌萌,在读硕士,中药药效物质基础及作用机制,E-mail:1826153293@qq.com
张振强,教授,博士生导师,博士,从事中西医结合防治脑病研究,E-mail:zhang zhenqiang@126.com;
谢治深,副教授,硕士生导师,博士,从事中药药效物质基础及作用机制研究,E-mail:xiezhishen@hactcm.edu.cn
收稿:2023-12-18,
录用:2024-11-10,
网络出版:2024-04-11,
纸质出版:2025-03-05
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王萌萌,赵建平,吴丽敏等.基于PPARα/TFEB的川续断干预阿尔茨海默病秀丽隐杆线虫模型作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(05):104-114.
WANG Mengmeng,ZHAO Jianping,WU Limin,et al.Dipsacusasper Treats Alzheimer's Disease in Caenorhabditis elegans by Regulating PPARα/TFEB Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(05):104-114.
王萌萌,赵建平,吴丽敏等.基于PPARα/TFEB的川续断干预阿尔茨海默病秀丽隐杆线虫模型作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(05):104-114. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20240617.
WANG Mengmeng,ZHAO Jianping,WU Limin,et al.Dipsacusasper Treats Alzheimer's Disease in Caenorhabditis elegans by Regulating PPARα/TFEB Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(05):104-114. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20240617.
目的
2
利用转基因秀丽线虫模式生物探讨川续断抗阿尔茨海默病(AD)作用,并基于过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体
α
(PPAR
α
)/转录因子EB(TFEB)通路探讨其可能作用机制。
方法
2
将转基因AD秀丽隐杆线虫分为空白组、模型组、阳性药WY14643(20 µmol·L
-1
)组及川续断低、中、高剂量组(100、200、400 mg·L
-1
),检测肌肉细胞内形成寡聚态
β
淀粉样蛋白42(A
β
42
)并产生瘫痪现情况、线虫头部A
β
沉积的影响。使用BV2细胞模型,利用Rluc-LC3wt/G120A检测对溶酶体自噬的影响;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3
)Ⅰ、LC3Ⅱ、溶酶体相关膜蛋白2(LAMP2)、TFEB蛋白表达量;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测对PPAR
α
/TFEB下游自噬相关基因自噬效应蛋白1(Beclin1)、自噬相关基因5(Atg5)及溶酶体相关基因LAMP2、自噬相关基因2(CLN2)的影响。报告基因评估PPAR
α
、TFEB转录活性,免疫荧光检测PPAR
α
的荧光强度,使用超高液相色谱-质谱(UPLC-MS)检测川续断醇提物的活性成分,利用RCSB PDB和中药系统药理数据库和分析平台(TCMSP)及Autodock软件进行分子对接,Docking分析川续断成分和PPAR
α
配体调节结构域的结合。
结果
2
与CL4176模型组比较,WY14643组和200、400 mg·L
-1
川续断组可以明显延长秀丽线虫的瘫痪时间(
P
<
0.05);各给药组均可以显著减少秀丽线虫头部A
β
沉积(
P
<
0.01)。MTT结果显示,50~500 mg·L
-1
浓度范围内川续断不影响BV2细胞活力;同时川续断还可以增强自噬活性(
P
<
0.05),明显提高Beclin1、Atg5、LAMP2、CLN2 mRNA的表达(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),明显促进TFEB核易位(
P
<
0.05),明显提高LAMP2蛋白表达量和自噬通量(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),并显著增强PPAR
α
和TFEB转录活性(
P
<
0.01),免疫荧光结果显示WY14643组和200、400 mg·L
-1
川续断组可以显著增强PPAR
α
在BV2细胞核的荧光强度(
P
<
0.01)。UPLC-MS检测出川续断的9个已知化合物,筛选出8个川续断活性成分,结果提示川续断中多种成分能够和PPAR
α
-配体结合域(LBD)结合并形成稳定氢键。
结论
2
川续断能改善秀丽隐杆线虫AD样病理表现,其作用机制可能与调节PPAR
α
/TFEB通路有关。
Objective
2
To investigate the anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) effect of
Dipsacus
asper
(DA) in the
Caenorhabditis
elegans
model, and decipher the underlying mechanism via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
α
(PPAR
α
)/transcription factor EB (TFEB) pathway.
Methods
2
First, transgenic AD
C.
elegans
individuals were assigned into the blank control, model, positive control (WY14643, 20 µmol·L
-1
), and low-, medium-, and high-dose (100, 200, and 400 mg·L
-1
, respectively) DA groups. The amyloid
β
-42 (A
β
42
) formation in the muscle cells, the paralysis time, and the deposition of amyloid
β
-protein (A
β
) in the head were detected. The lysosomal autophagy in the BV2 cell model was examined by Rluc-LC3wt/G120A. The expression levels of lysosomal autophagy-related proteins LC3Ⅱ, LC3I, LAMP2, and TFEB were detected by Western blot. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was employed to determine the mRNA levels of autophagy-related genes beclin1 and Atg5 and lysosome-related genes LAMP2 and CLN2 downstream of PPAR
α
/TFEB. A reporter gene assay was used to detect the transcriptional activities of PPAR
α
and TFEB. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the fluorescence intensity of PPAR
α
, and the active components of the ethanol extract of DA were identified by UPLC-MS. RCSB PDB, Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and Autodock were used to analyze the binding between the active components and PPAR
α-
ligand-binding domain (LBD).
Results
2
Compared with the model group, the positive control group and 200 and 400 mg·L
-1
DA groups showed prolonged paralysis time (
P
<
0.05), and all the treatment groups showed decreased A
β
deposition in the head (
P
<
0.01). DA within the concentration range of 50-500 mg·L
-1
did not affect the viability of BV2 cells. In addition, DA enhanced the autophagy flux (
P
<
0.05), up-regulated the mRNA levels of beclin1, Atg5, LAMP2, and CLN2 (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), promoted the nuclear translocation of TFEB (
P
<
0.05), increased LAMP2 expression and autophagy flux (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and enhanced the transcriptional activities of PPAR
α
and TFEB (
P
<
0.01).
The positive control group and 200 and 400 mg·L
-1
DA groups showed enhanced fluorescence intensity of PPAR
α
in the BV2 nucleus (
P
<
0.01). UPLC-MS detected nine known compounds of DA, from which 8 active components of DA were screened out. The docking results suggested that a variety of components in DA could bind to PPAR
α
-LBD and form stable hydrogen bonds.
Conclusion
2
DA may reduce the pathological changes in AD by regulating the PPAR
α
-TFEB pathway.
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