1.青海大学 医学院,西宁 810001
2.西北民族大学,兰州 730000
江宇楠,在读硕士,从事中藏族药药理作用机制研究,E-mail:jiang20220221@163.com
李长兴,副教授,硕士生导师,从事中藏族药药理作用机制研究,E-mail:Lichangxing@qhu.edu.cn
收稿:2024-07-07,
网络出版:2024-09-18,
纸质出版:2024-11-20
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江宇楠,张立雪,段方林等.二十五味鬼臼丸激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR介导的自噬缓解去势大鼠骨质疏松作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2024,30(22):43-51.
JIANG Yunan,ZHANG Lixue,DUAN Fanglin,et al.Ershiwuwei Guijiu Pill Activates PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated Autophagy to Alleviate Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2024,30(22):43-51.
江宇楠,张立雪,段方林等.二十五味鬼臼丸激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR介导的自噬缓解去势大鼠骨质疏松作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2024,30(22):43-51. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20241402.
JIANG Yunan,ZHANG Lixue,DUAN Fanglin,et al.Ershiwuwei Guijiu Pill Activates PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated Autophagy to Alleviate Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2024,30(22):43-51. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20241402.
目的
2
探讨二十五味鬼臼丸通过激活磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路抑制过度自噬防治绝经后骨质疏松(PMOP)症的作用机制。
方法
2
将雌性SD大鼠通过手术去势,随机分为假手术(Sham)组、手术(OVX)组、二十五味鬼臼丸(GJ)组、盐酸雷洛昔芬(RLX)组,每组10只。用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)、比色法检测血清中雌激素、骨代谢标志物和胫骨组织中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平,流式细胞术检测骨髓间充质干细胞内活性氧(ROS)水平,马松(Masson)染色观察胫骨近端病理变化,微计算机断层扫描技术(Micro-CT)观察胫骨微结构参数变化,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)和蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测胫骨组织中自噬效应蛋白(Beclin1)、微管相关蛋白1A/1B-轻链3(LC3)、微管相关蛋白5(Atg5)、PI3K、Akt、mTOR的表达情况。
结果
2
与Sham组比较,OVX组大鼠血清雌二醇(E
2
)、钙离子(Ca
2+
)及骨组织T-SOD、GSH-Px、PI3K、Akt、mTOR mRNA明显下降(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);胫骨内骨密度(BMD)、骨表面积和骨体积比(BS/BV)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)、骨小梁数目(Tb.N)、骨小梁连接性(Con)明显下降(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),骨骺生长板较薄,骨髓腔内充满脂肪空泡;磷(P)、MDA、ROS和Beclin1、LC3、Atg5 mRNA、蛋白水平及骨小梁分离度(Tb.Sp)明显升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。与OVX组比较,GJ、RLX组大鼠血清E
2、
Ca
2+
及骨组织SOD、GSH-Px、PI3K、Akt、mTOR mRNA水平明显上升(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);胫骨内BMD、BS/BV、Tb.Th、Tb.N、Con明显升高,骨骺生长板相对增厚,骨髓腔内脂肪空泡明显减少(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);P、MDA、ROS、Beclin1、LC3、Atg5 mRNA、蛋白及Tb.Sp水平明显降低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);p-PI3K/PI3K、p-Akt/Akt、p-mTOR/mTOR信号通路,在OVX组中显著降低(
P
<
0.01),在GJ、RLX组中显著增高(
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
二十五味鬼臼丸降低氧化应激抑制自噬,防治绝经后骨质疏松,其机制可能激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路从而抑制自噬有关。
Objective
2
To investigate the mechanism of Ershiwuwei Guijiu pill in preventing and treating postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and inhibiting excessive autophagy.
Method
2
Female SD rats were ovariectomized and randomly divided into the sham operation group (Sham), the operation group (OVX), the Ershiwuwei Guijiu pill (GJ) group, and the raloxifene hydrochloride (RLX) group, with 10 rats in each group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and colorimetric methods were used to detect the levels of estrogen, bone metabolism markers in serum, and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in tibial tissue. Flow cytometry was used to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Masson staining was used to observe pathological changes in the proximal tibia, and micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) was used to observe changes in tibial microstructural parameters. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the expression of autophagy-related proteins Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3), autophagy-related 5 (Atg5), as well as PI3K, Akt, and mTOR in tibial tissue.
Result
2
Compared with the Sham group, the OVX group showed a significant decrease in serum levels of estradiol (E
2
) and calcium ion (Ca
2+
), and T-SOD, GSH-Px, PI3K, Akt, and mTOR mRNA levels in bone tissue (
P<
0.05,
P<
0.01), significantly reduced bone mineral density (BMD), bone surface/bone volume (BS/BV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), and trabecular connectivity (Con) in the tibia (
P<
0.05,
P<
0.01), thinner epiphyseal growth plate, and the bone marrow cavity filled with fat vacuoles. Moreover, the levels of phosphorus (P), MDA, ROS, and mRNA and protein expression of Beclin1, LC3, and Atg5, as well as trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) wer
e significantly elevated (
P<
0.05,
P<
0.01). Compared with the OVX group, the GJ and RLX groups showed significant increases in serum E
2
and Ca
2+
, and bone tissue levels of SOD, GSH-Px, and the mRNA levels of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR (
P<
0.05,
P<
0.01), significantly increased BMD, BS/BV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, and Con in the tibia, thickened epiphyseal growth plate, and significantly reduced fat vacuoles in the bone marrow cavity (
P<
0.05,
P<
0.01). Additionally, the levels of P, MDA, ROS, Beclin1, LC3, Atg5 mRNA and proteins, and Tb.Sp were significantly decreased (
P<
0.05,
P<
0.01). The ratios of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, and p-mTOR/mTOR, which were significantly reduced in the OVX group (
P<
0.01), were significantly increased in the GJ and RLX groups (
P<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
The Ershiwuwei Guijiu pill reduces oxidative stress and inhibits autophagy, thereby preventing and treating postmenopausal osteoporosis. Its mechanism may be related to the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which inhibits autophagy.
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