中日友好医院,北京 100029
张亚奇,博士,博士后,从事骨关节科临床与基础研究,E-mail:zhangyaqi689@163.com
王卫国,博士,主任医师,从事骨关节科临床与基础研究,E-mail:jointwwg@163.com
张启栋,博士,主任医师,从事骨关节科临床与基础研究,E-mail:zhangqidong1982@sina.com;
收稿:2024-07-12,
录用:2024-08-12,
网络出版:2024-08-16,
纸质出版:2025-03-05
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张亚奇,蒋言坤,孙国源等.淫羊藿苷调控TGF-β1/Smad通路诱导人骨微内皮细胞自噬的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(05):123-130.
ZHANG Yaqi,JIANG Yankun,SUN Guoyuan,et al.Mechanism of Icariin in Regulating TGF-β1/Smad Pathway to Induce Autophagy in Human Bone Microvascular Endothelial Cells[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(05):123-130.
张亚奇,蒋言坤,孙国源等.淫羊藿苷调控TGF-β1/Smad通路诱导人骨微内皮细胞自噬的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(05):123-130. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20241828.
ZHANG Yaqi,JIANG Yankun,SUN Guoyuan,et al.Mechanism of Icariin in Regulating TGF-β1/Smad Pathway to Induce Autophagy in Human Bone Microvascular Endothelial Cells[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(05):123-130. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20241828.
目的
2
探讨淫羊藿苷(ICA)对骨微内皮细胞(BMECs)中转化生长因子-
β
1
(TGF-
β
1
)/ Smad通路的调节作用,及对BMECs自噬的影响。
方法
2
对BMECs进行分离培养并采用免疫荧光法对细胞鉴定。将细胞分为空白组、模型组(0.1 g·L
-1
甲泼尼龙)、ICA组(0.1 g·L
-1
甲泼尼龙+1×10
-5
mol·L
-1
ICA)和TGF-
β
抑制剂组(0.1 g·L
-1
甲泼尼龙+1×10
-5
mol·L
-1
ICA+1×10
-5
mol·L
-1
LY2157299)共4组。透射电镜观察BMECs超微结构及自噬小体数量;自噬双标腺病毒监测各组细胞的共聚焦自噬流产生。实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)和蛋白免疫印记法(Western blot)检测各组细胞TGF-
β
1
/ Smad通路自噬基因和蛋白的表达。
结果
2
细胞分离培养后血小板内皮细胞黏附分子(CD31)和血管性血友病因子(vWF)免疫荧光鉴定细胞为BMECs。透射电镜可见模型组细胞膜破坏,细胞核固缩断裂;与模型组比较,ICA组细胞膜完整,结构清晰,散在分布自噬溶酶体。共聚焦拍照显示空白组BMECs存在自噬小体及自噬溶酶体,ICA组细胞自噬表达与空白组相似;与空白组比较,模型组和LY2157299组自噬流几乎看不到自噬小体及自噬溶酶体。与空白组比较,模型组细胞的自噬效应蛋白1(Beclin1)、微管相关蛋白1轻链3B(LC3B)mRNA和蛋白表达均显著降低(
P
<
0.01),泛素结合蛋白(p62)mRNA和蛋白显著增高(
P
<
0.01); TGF-
β
1
、Smad同源物2(Smad2)及Smad 同源物3(Smad3)mRNA明显降低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);TGF-
β
1
、磷酸化(p)-Smad2及p-Smad3蛋白显著降低(
P
<
0.01)。与模型组比较,ICA组BMECs的Beclin1、LC3B mRNA和蛋白表达显著升高(
P
<
0.01),p62 mRNA和蛋白表达显著降低(
P
<
0.01);TGF-
β
1
、Smad2和Smad3 mRNA显著提高(
P
<
0.01);TGF-
β
1
、p-Smad2及p-Smad3蛋白显著提高(
P
<
0.01)。与模型组比较,抑制剂组Beclin1、LC3B及p62 mRNA和蛋白表达均无统计学意义;抑制剂组TGF-
β
1
通路关键基因和蛋白表达均无统计学意义。
结论
2
ICA能促进糖皮质激素诱导的BMECs自噬表达,其机制可能与激活TGF-
β
1
/Smad信号通路有关。
Objective
2
To investigate the regulatory effect of icariin (ICA) on transforming growth factor-
β
1
(TGF-
β
1
)/Smad pathway in bone mi
crovascular endothelial cells (BMECs) and the effect on autophagy in BMECs.
Methods
2
BMECs were isolated and cultured, and the cell types were identified by immunofluorescence. Cells were divided into the control group, model group (0.1 g·L
-1
methyl prednisolone), ICA group (0.1 g·L
-1
methyl prednisolone +1×10
-5
mol·L
-1
ICA), and TGF-
β
inhibitor group (0.1 g·L
-1
methyl prednisolone +1×10
-5
mol·L
-1
ICA +1×10
-5
mol·L
-1
LY2157299). Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure and autophagosome number of BMECs. Autophagy double-standard adenovirus was used to monitor the confocal autophagy flow generation of each cell. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the gene and protein expression of autophagy in the TGF-
β
1
/ Smad pathway.
Results
2
After cell separation culture, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31) and von willebrand factor (vWF) immunofluorescence identified BMECs. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the cell membrane was damaged, and the nucleus was pyknotic and broken in the model group. Compared with the model group, the ICA group had complete cell membranes, clear structures, with autophagy-lysosome sparsely distributed. The confocal photo showed that BMECs had autophagosomes and autophagy-lysosomes, and the autophagy expression of the ICA group was similar to that of the blank group. Compared with the blank group, in the model group and the LY2157299 group, autophagosomes and autophagy-lysosomes were barely seen in the autophagy flow. Compared with the blank group, the mRNA and protein expressions of autophagy effector protein 1 (Beclin1) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) in the model group were significantly decreased (
P
<
0.01), and those of ubiquit
in-binding protein (p62) were significantly increased (
P
<
0.01). The mRNA expression of TGF-
β
1
, Smad homolog 2 (Smad2), and Smad homolog 3 (Smad3) decreased (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). The protein expressions of TGF-
β
1
, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3 were significantly decreased (
P
<
0.01). Compared with those of the model group, the mRNA and protein expression of Beclin1 and LC3B in BMECs of the ICA group increased (
P
<
0.01), and those of p62 significantly reduced (
P
<
0.01). The mRNA expression of TGF-
β
1
, Smad2, and Smad3 increased significantly (
P
<
0.01). The protein expression of TGF-
β
1
, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3 increased significantly (
P
<
0.01). Compared with those in the model group, the mRNA and protein expressions of Beclin1, LC3B, and p62 in the inhibitor group were not statistically significant. The expression of key genes and proteins of the TGF-
β
1
pathway in the inhibitor group was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
2
ICA can promote glucocorticoid-induced autophagy expression of BMECs, and its mechanism may be related to activating the TGF-
β
1
/Smad signaling pathway.
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