首都医科大学 附属北京中医医院,北京 100010
陈佳萍,在读硕士,从事中西医结合心血管疾病治疗研究,E-mail:chenjp1997@163.com
刘红旭,博士生导师,从事心血管病的中西医结合预防及治疗研究,Tel:010-87906633,E-mail:liuhongxu@bjzhongyi.com
收稿:2024-06-05,
录用:2024-08-14,
网络出版:2024-08-20,
纸质出版:2025-03-05
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陈佳萍,尚菊菊,刘红旭等.益气活血/逐瘀类口服中成药干预冠状动脉微血管病的Meta分析及GRADE证据评价[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(05):157-166.
CHEN Jiaping,SHANG Juju,LIU Hongxu,et al.Meta-analysis and Grade Evidence Evaluation of Qi-reinforcing and Blood-activating/ Stasis-expelling Chinese Patent Medicines in Treatment of Coronary Microvascular Disease[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(05):157-166.
陈佳萍,尚菊菊,刘红旭等.益气活血/逐瘀类口服中成药干预冠状动脉微血管病的Meta分析及GRADE证据评价[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(05):157-166. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20242497.
CHEN Jiaping,SHANG Juju,LIU Hongxu,et al.Meta-analysis and Grade Evidence Evaluation of Qi-reinforcing and Blood-activating/ Stasis-expelling Chinese Patent Medicines in Treatment of Coronary Microvascular Disease[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(05):157-166. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20242497.
目的
2
系统评价益气活血/逐瘀类口服中成药治疗冠状动脉微血管病(CMD)的有效性与安全性。
方法
2
通过计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库自建库至2023年12月31日期间收录的关于益气活血/逐瘀类口服中成药干预CMD的随机对照试验。主要结局包括冠状动脉微血管阻力指数(IMR)、冠状动脉血流储备(CFR)、校正TIMI血流帧数(cTFC);次要结局指标为症状疗效、左室射血分数(LVEF)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、一氧化氮(NO)、不良安全事件。使用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具2.0(RoB 2.0)、Stata 17.0对纳入的文献进行文献质量评价及Meta分析,基于GRADE评价证据质量。
结果
2
共纳入36项研究3 029例患者。在常规西医治疗基础上,联用益气活血/逐瘀类口服中成药可降低CMD患者的IMR[均数差(MD)=-5.93,95%置信区间(95%CI) [-8.73,-3.14],
n
=382,
P
<
0.01]、cTFC(MD=-9.35,95%CI [-13.94,-4.76],
n
=618,
P
<
0.01)和hs-CRP[标准均数差(SMD)=-1.50,95%CI [-1.90
,-1.11],
n
=1 483,
P
<
0.01],提高CFR(SMD=1.14,95%CI [0.08,2.19],
n
=304,
P
=0.03)、症状改善疗效[相对危险度(RR)=1.36,95%CI [1.21,1.53],
n
=756,
P
<
0.01]、LVEF(MD=4.39,95%CI [2.31,6.47],
n
=533,
P
<
0.01)和NO(SMD=3.16,95%CI [2.07,4.25],
n
=946,
P
<
0.01)。安全性方面,联用益气活血/逐瘀类中成药能减少CMD患者不良安全事件的发生(RR=0.49,95%CI [0.29,0.82],
n
=591,
P
=0.01)。GRADE分级显示不良安全事件为中等质量证据,cTFC、症状疗效、LVEF、NO为低质量证据,IMR、CFR、hs-CRP为极低质量证据。
结论
2
基于微循环功能指标,联用益气活血/逐瘀类口服中成药可能改善CMD患者的冠状动脉微血管功能,且安全性较好,上述结论仍有必要在高质量临床研究基础上进一步验证。
Objective
2
To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qi-reinforcing and blood-activating/stasis-expelling Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of coronary microvascular disease (CMD).
Methods
2
PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP were searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the treatment of CMD with Chinese patent medicines for reinforcing Qi and activating blood/expelling stasis with the time interval from inception to December 31, 2023. The primary outcome indicators included the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), coronary flow reserve (CFR), and corrected TIMI flow frame count (cTFC). The secondary outcome indicators included symptomatic efficacy, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), nitric oxide (NO), and adverse events. Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool 2.0 (RoB 2.0) and Stata 17.0 were used for literature quality evaluation and meta-analysis of the included RCTs. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the quality of evidence.
Results
2
A total of 36 RCTs were included in this study, involving 3 029 patients
. Compared with conventional Western medicine alone, the combined use of Chinese patent medicines for reinforcing Qi and activating blood/expelling stasis and Western medicine reduced the IMR [mean difference (MD)=-5.93, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) [-8.73,-3.14],
n
=382,
P
<
0.01], cTFC (MD=-9.35, 95%CI [-13.94,-4.76],
n
=618,
P
<
0.01), and hs-CRP [standard mean difference (SMD)=-1.50, 95%CI [-1.90,-1.11],
n
=1 483,
P
<
0.01], improved the CFR (SMD=1.14, 95%CI [0.08,2.19],
n
=304,
P
=0.03), symptomatic efficacy [relative risk (RR)=1.36, 95%CI [1.21,1.53],
n
=756,
P
<
0.01], LVEF (MD=4.39, 95%CI [2.31,6.47],
n
=533,
P
<
0.01), and NO (SMD=3.16, 95%CI [2.07,4.25],
n
=946,
P
<
0.01) of CMD patients. In terms of safety, the combined therapy reduced the occurrence of adverse events in CMD patients (RR=0.49, 95%CI [0.29,0.82],
n
=591,
P
=0.01). GRADE showed moderate quality evidence for adverse events, low quality evidence for cTFC, symptomatic efficacy, LVEF, and NO, and very low quality evidence for IMR, CFR, and hs-CRP.
Conclusion
2
Based on microcirculatory function indicators, the combined use of Qi-reinforcing and blood-activating/stasis-expelling Chinese patent medicines and Western medicine may further improve the coronary microvascular function in CMD patients with good safety. The above conclusions remain to be verified with high-quality clinical trials.
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