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1.海军军医大学 基础医学院,上海 200433
2.上海市杨浦区新江湾城社区卫生服务中心,上海 200438
3.海军军医大学 第一附属医院,海军军医大学 中医系,上海 200433
崔恩泽,在读博士,从事中西医结合基础研究,E-mail:enze_cui@163.com
李柏,博士,博士生导师,教授,主任医师,从事中西医结合临床研究及工作,E-mail:libai9@126.com
收稿日期:2024-11-02,
录用日期:2025-01-07,
网络出版日期:2025-01-21,
纸质出版日期:2025-07-20
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崔恩泽,方晶晶,王洁等.经典名方芍药甘草汤解痉止痛功效研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(14):267-278.
CUI Enze,FANG Jingjing,WANG Jie,et al.Mechanism of Classical Famous Formula Shaoyao Gancaotang in Alleviating Spasm and Pain: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(14):267-278.
崔恩泽,方晶晶,王洁等.经典名方芍药甘草汤解痉止痛功效研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(14):267-278. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20250895.
CUI Enze,FANG Jingjing,WANG Jie,et al.Mechanism of Classical Famous Formula Shaoyao Gancaotang in Alleviating Spasm and Pain: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(14):267-278. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20250895.
芍药甘草汤(SGT)来源于东汉张仲景《伤寒论》,由芍药与甘草2味药物组成,备受历代医家推崇,广泛用于解痉止痛,目前已被列入第一批国家中医药管理局经典名方目录。近年来,国内外已有不少研究从基础与临床的角度论证了SGT治疗痉挛、疼痛疾病的显著疗效,其作用机制可能与抑制离子通道、抗炎镇痛、神经保护等多种因素相关,同时也受品种炮制、配伍比例、不同剂型与不良反应等制约。该文综述了国内外学者对经典名方SGT(日、韩分别称Shakuyaku-kanzo-to/TJ-68和Jakyak-Gamcho-Tang/JGT)解痉止痛的研究,基础研究方面探讨了基于SGT的化学成分、物理相互作用的药效组分,芍药与甘草不同炮制方式和配伍比例导致解痉止痛疗效的差异,以及SGT针对不同病位发挥解痉止痛功效的药理机制;在临床研究方面根据病位分类总结了近年来报道的SGT对于骨骼肌痉挛疼痛、平滑肌痉挛疼痛、神经相关痉挛疼痛的临床疗效,并介绍了相关临床试验。此外,该文还简要分析了SGT的现代剂型研究进展,通过比较各种剂型的优劣提出有利于治疗痉挛疼痛剂型开发的展望,最后报告了SGT临床应用于痉挛疼痛相关的不良反应及注意事项。希望进一步推动经典名方SGT的现代化发展,服务新时代的人民健康事业。
The Shaoyao Gancaotang (SGT) originates from Zhang Zhongjing's
Treatise on Cold Diseases
during the Eastern Han Dynasty. It consists of two medicinal herbs, Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao) and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) and is widely adopted by previous physicians due to its efficacy in alleviating spasms and pain. SGT has been included in the first batch of the classic formula directory by the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In recent years, numerous studies in China and abroad have demonstrated the significant therapeutic effects of SGT in treating spasms and pain-related diseases from basic and clinical perspectives. The mechanism of action may be related to the inhibition of ion channels, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, and neuroprotection, among other factors, while also being influenced by variety processing, compatibility ratios, different dosage forms, and adverse reactions. This article reviewed the research on the classic formula SGT (known as Shakuyaku-kanzo-to/TJ-68 in Japan and Jakyak-Gamcho-Tang/JGT in Korea) in alleviating spasms and pain by scholars worldwide. In terms of basic research, the article explored the pharmacodynamic components based on the chemical constituents and physical interactions of SGT, the differences in spasmolytic and analgesic effects due to various processing methods and the compatibility ratios of Paeoniae Radix Alba and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and the pharmacological mechanisms by which SGT exerted its spasmolytic and analgesic effects at different disease locations. In terms of clinical research, the article summarized the reported clinical efficacy of SGT for skeletal muscle spasm pain, smooth muscle spasm pain, and neuropathic spasm pain based on disease location classification and introduced related clinical trials. Additionally, this article briefly analyzed the modern dosage form research progress of SGT. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of v
arious dosage forms, prospects for the development of dosage forms beneficial for treating spastic pain were proposed. Finally, the article reported adverse reactions and precautions related to the clinical application of SGT for spastic pain, with a view to further promoting the modernization of the classic famous formula SGT and serving the health cause of the people in the new era.
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