1.广西中医药大学,南宁 530001
2.广西中医药大学 第一附属医院,南宁 530023
袁炳茂,硕士,从事中医药防治脑系疾病研究,E-mail:787718692@qq.com
吴林,教授,博士生导师,博士,从事中医药防治脑系疾病研究,E-mail:358304005@qq.com
收稿:2025-03-03,
修回:2025-12-09,
录用:2025-12-10,
网络出版:2025-06-26,
纸质出版:2026-02-05
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袁炳茂,陈炜,蓝秀等.基于NF-κB/NLRP3信号通路探讨益肺宣肺降浊方对血管性痴呆大鼠神经保护机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(03):88-96.
YUAN Bingmao,CHEN Wei,LAN Xiu,et al.Neuroprotective Mechanism of Yifei Xuanfei Jiangzhuo Prescription on VaD Rats Based on NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(03):88-96.
袁炳茂,陈炜,蓝秀等.基于NF-κB/NLRP3信号通路探讨益肺宣肺降浊方对血管性痴呆大鼠神经保护机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(03):88-96. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20251336.
YUAN Bingmao,CHEN Wei,LAN Xiu,et al.Neuroprotective Mechanism of Yifei Xuanfei Jiangzhuo Prescription on VaD Rats Based on NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(03):88-96. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20251336.
目的
2
探讨益肺宣肺降浊方调控核转录因子-
κ
B(NF-
κ
B)/NOD样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)信号通路改善血管性痴呆(VaD)大鼠神经元的分子机理。
方法
2
通过间断夹闭双侧颈总动脉(CCA)联合双血管闭塞(2-VO)构建VaD模型,84只SD大鼠随机分为空白组,假手术组,模型组,吡拉西坦(0.2 g·kg
-1
),益肺宣肺降浊方低、中、高剂量组(6.09、12.18、24.36 g·kg
-1
),术后第7天开始给药,每天1次,连续给药28 d;运用行为学实验评估大鼠学习和空间记忆力、苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察大鼠海马CA1区病理形态变化情况、透视电镜观察海马神经元超微结构、原位末端标记法(TUNEL)检测观察大鼠海马CA1区神经元凋亡情况;免疫组化法检测神经元核抗原(NeuN)阳性表达率;免疫荧光单标法检测大鼠脑组织NF-
κ
B p65核表达情况;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测I
κ
B激酶(IKK)、NF-
κ
B p65、NLRP3、胱天蛋白酶-1(Caspase-1)、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC)、白细胞介素(IL)-1
β
蛋白表达水平。
结果
2
与空白组比较,模型组大鼠跨越平台次数显著减少(
P
0.01);海马损伤加剧,神经元凋亡率明显升高(
P
0.05),CA1区NeuN阳性率减少(
P
0.05),NF-
κ
B p65核表达升高(
P
0.05),磷酸化(p)-IKK、p-NF-
κ
B p65、NLRP3、剪切的(cleaved) Caspase-1、ASC、cleaved IL-1
β
蛋白表达水平明显升高(
P
0.05);与模型组比较,给药各组均可改善VaD大鼠学习和空间记忆力,减轻海马组织病理损伤和神经元凋亡,保护神经元超微结构,益肺宣肺降浊方12.18、24.36 g·kg
-1
剂量可降低VaD大鼠海马p-IKK、p-NF-
κ
B p65、NLRP3、Caspase-1、ASC、cleaved IL-1
β
蛋白表达(
P
0.05);呈剂量依赖性抑制NF-
κ
B/NLRP3信号通路。
结论
2
益肺宣肺降浊方能通过调控NF-
κ
B/NLRP3信号通路减轻神经炎症,抑制海马神经元凋亡,从而发挥神经保护的作用机制。
Objective
2
To investigate the molecular mechanism by which Yifei Xuanfei Jiangzhuo prescription regulates the nuclear factor-
κ
B (NF-
κ
B)/NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway to improve neuronal function in vascular dementia (VaD) rats.
Methods
2
A VaD model was established by intermittently clamping the bilateral common carotid arteries (CCA) combined with bilateral vascular occlusion (2-VO). Eighty-four SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group, sham group, model group, piracetam group (0.2 g·kg
-1
), and low-, medium-, and high-dose Yifei Xuanfei Jiangzhuo prescription groups (6.09, 12.18, and 24.36 g·kg
-1
). Drug administration began on day 7 after surgery, once daily for 28 consecutive days. Behavioral experiments were used to evaluate learning and spatial memory. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was applied to observe pathological morphological changes in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to detect neuronal apoptosis in the CA1
region. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the positive expression rate of neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN). Immunofluorescence single staining was used to assess nuclear expression of NF-
κ
B p65 in brain tissue. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of inhibitor of
κ
B kinase (IKK), NF-
κ
B p65, NLRP3, Caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), and interleukin-1
β
(IL-1
β
).
Results
2
Compared with the blank group, the model group showed a significant reduction in platform-crossing frequency (
P
0.01), aggravated hippocampal injury, a significant increase in neuronal apoptosis (
P
0.05), decreased NeuN positivity in the CA1 region (
P
0.05), increased nuclear expression of NF-
κ
B p65 (
P
0.05), and significantly elevated expression of p-IKK, p-NF-
κ
B p65, NLRP3, cleaved Caspase-1, ASC, and cleaved IL-1
β
(
P
0.05). Compared with the model group, all drug-treated groups improved learning and spatial memory in VaD rats, alleviated hippocampal pathological injury and neuronal apoptosis, and protected neuronal ultrastructure. Yifei Xuanfei Jiangzhuo prescription at doses of 12.18 and 24.36 g·kg
-1
reduced hippocampal expression levels of p-IKK, p-NF-
κ
B p65, NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, and cleaved IL-1
β
in VaD rats (
P
0.05), showing dose-dependent inhibition of the NF-
κ
B/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
Conclusion
2
Yifei Xuanfei Jiangzhuo prescription may exert neuroprotective effects by regulating the NF-
κ
B/NLRP3 signaling pathway, thereby reducing neuroinflammation and inhibiting hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.
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