“Esophageal cancer is a high-risk malignant tumor in China, and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is its key carcinogenic pathway, which can promote cell cycle progression, proliferation, induce chemoradiotherapy resistance, and inhibit apoptosis and autophagy. Traditional Chinese medicine has multiple targets and components, and can target this pathway for the treatment of esophageal cancer. In recent five years, studies have found that single traditional Chinese medicines and extracts such as natural borneol and ganoderma lucidum spore powder, active ingredients such as flavonoids and terpenoids, and compound medicines such as Qige San, Huqi San, and traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations injection can all interfere with this pathway to treat esophageal cancer. This study elucidated the mechanism of action of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in esophageal cancer and the intervention effect of traditional Chinese medicine, providing reference for the research and clinical application of new drugs for esophageal cancer.”