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江西中医药大学 现代中药制剂教育部重点实验室,南昌 330004
Received:25 June 2025,
Revised:2025-09-18,
Accepted:18 September 2025,
Online First:22 September 2025,
Published:20 March 2026
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梁淼,陈丽华.熟地黄在常见中枢神经系统疾病的研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(06):286-296.
LIANG Miao,CHEN Lihua.Rehmanniae Radix Preparata in Common Central Nervous System Diseases: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(06):286-296.
梁淼,陈丽华.熟地黄在常见中枢神经系统疾病的研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(06):286-296. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20252008.
LIANG Miao,CHEN Lihua.Rehmanniae Radix Preparata in Common Central Nervous System Diseases: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(06):286-296. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20252008.
中枢神经系统疾病是指影响中枢神经系统(脑和脊髓)结构和功能的复杂病症,因发病机制复杂且尚无有效疗法,已成为人类死亡的最重要原因之一,且对家庭和社会造成了沉重的经济负担。中药熟地黄作为中医“填精益髓”的代表性中药材,在中枢神经系统疾病的治疗中有多靶点、多通路的优势,其有梓醇、毛蕊花糖苷、松果菊苷等多种活性成分,具有抗抑郁、神经保护、抗氧化、抗炎和免疫调节等多重药理作用。在阿尔茨海默病中,熟地黄可以调节
β
淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白加工减少其生成,且抗氧化和神经保护作用可减轻相关病理损害;帕金森病方面,它可通过调节细胞内信号转导通路保护多巴胺能神经;在缺血性脑卒中中,其抗氧化、抗炎和神经保护作用可减轻病理反应;多发性硬化症是一种自身免疫性脱髓鞘疾病,其发病机制与自身免疫反应攻击中枢神经系统的髓鞘有关,熟地黄的抗炎作用有助于抑制这种自身免疫反应,减轻炎症对髓鞘的破坏,同时保护受损的神经元并促进髓鞘的修复;在抑郁症中,熟地黄有助于改善神经可塑性,其抗炎作用可以调节神经内分泌功能,并且对神经递质的代谢产生影响。该文对熟地黄在中枢神经系统疾病的作用机制进行探讨,对熟地黄活性成分及中药复方等治疗中枢神经系统疾病的相关基础研究与研究进展进行归纳总结,为熟地黄防治中枢神经系统疾病的中药产品开发提供理论依据。
Central nervous system diseases refer to complex disorders that affect the structure and function of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). Due to their complex pathogenesis and the lack of effective therapies, the diseases have become one of the leading causes of human death and have imposed a heavy economic burden on families and society. Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, a representative traditional Chinese medicine for "nourishing essence and enriching marrow", has multi-target and multi-pathway advantages in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. It contains various active components such as catapol, verbascoside, and echinacoside and has multiple pharmacological effects including anti-depression, neuroprotection, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and immunomodulation. In Alzheimer's disease, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata can regulate the processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein to reduce its production, and its antioxidative and neuroprotective effects can alleviate related pathological damage. In Parkinson's disease, it can protect dopaminergic neurons by regulating intracellular signal transduction pathways. In ischemic stroke, its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects can alleviate pathological reactions. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune demyelinating disease, and its pathogenesis is related to the autoimmune response attacking the myelin sheath of the central nervous system. The anti-inflammatory effect of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata can help inhibit this autoimmune response, reduce the damage of inflammation to the myelin sheath, and protect damaged neurons while promoting myelin sheath repair. In depression, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata can improve neural plasticity, and its anti-inflammatory effect can regulate neuroendocrine function and influence the metabolism of neurotransmitters. This paper explored the action mechanism of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata in central nervous system diseases and summarized the relevant basic research and research progress on its active components and traditional Chinese medicine formulas for treating central nervous system diseases, providing a theoretical basis for the development of traditional Chinese medicine products for the prevention and treatment of central nervous system diseases with Radix Rehmanniae Preparata.
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