1.河南中医药大学 第一临床医学院,郑州 450046
2.河南梁济时中医药科技研究院经典名方研究与开发中心,郑州 450000
3.河南中医药大学 第一附属医院,郑州 450099
4.河南中医药大学 儿科医学院,郑州 450046
5.河南中医药大学 中医学院,郑州 450046
王报林,硕士,从事中医药防治肾脏病研究,E-mail:2536744719@qq.com
邓伟,教授,主任医师,从事中医药防治肾脏病研究,E-mail:dengken6401@sina.com;
马丙祥,主任医师,教授,从事中医药防治儿童神经系统疾病研究,E-mail:mbx1963@126.com
收稿:2023-12-27,
录用:2024-04-03,
网络出版:2024-04-18,
纸质出版:2025-03-20
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王报林,梁绿圆,曹佳蕾等.经典名方小蓟饮子的关键信息与现代临床应用分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(06):189-198.
WANG Baolin,LIANG Lyuyuan,CAO Jialei,et al.Key Information and Modern Clinical Application of Classic Formula Xiaoji Yinzi[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(06):189-198.
王报林,梁绿圆,曹佳蕾等.经典名方小蓟饮子的关键信息与现代临床应用分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(06):189-198. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20240712.
WANG Baolin,LIANG Lyuyuan,CAO Jialei,et al.Key Information and Modern Clinical Application of Classic Formula Xiaoji Yinzi[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(06):189-198. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20240712.
小蓟饮子是治疗泌尿系统疾病的经典名方之一,源自宋代严用和所撰《严氏济生方》。该方由生地黄、小蓟、滑石、木通、蒲黄、藕节、淡竹叶、当归、山栀子、甘草10味药组成,有凉血止血、利水通淋的功效。后世医家基本沿用《严氏济生方》的组成和主治,但在流传中对该方的君药出现争议。通过文献计量法对小蓟饮子的古代文献进行挖掘梳理及现代临床的运用分析。小蓟饮子历代有煮散和汤剂2种剂型,以宋代度量衡换算得出现代药物用量及用法,煮散用生地黄165.2 g,小蓟、滑石、通草、炒蒲黄、淡竹叶、藕节、酒当归、炒栀子仁、炒甘草各20.65 g,上10味锉末,控制粒径在4~10目,每次用药末16.52 g,加入水450 mL煎至240 mL,去药渣趁热空腹送下,建议日3次,换算单次剂量则为生地黄约7.77 g,余药各约0.97 g;小蓟饮子入汤剂则各药20.65 g。其中需进行炮制的有炒蒲黄、酒当归、炒栀子仁、炒甘草,余药生用。小蓟饮子主治下焦结热血淋,为治疗血尿、血淋之专方,其病机为“下焦郁热,损伤膀胱血络,气化失司”。小蓟饮子现代临床中应用在泌尿系统疾病较多,可称为专科专方,但也可根据方证病机扩展到其他系统疾病,如心血管系统疾病。该文全面考证小蓟饮子关键信息以期为其二次研发提供参考。
Xiaoji Yinzi is one of the classic prescriptions for treating urinary diseases, originated from the
Yan's Prescriptions to Aid the Living
(
Yan Shi Ji Sheng Fang
) written by YAN Yonghe in the Song dynasty. Xiaoji Yinzi is composed of Rehmanniae Radix, Cirsii Herba, Talcum, Akebiae Caulis, Typhae Pollen, Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Nodus, Lophatheri Herba, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Gardeniae Fructus, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and has the effects of cooling blood and stopping bleeding, draining water and re
lieving stranguria. The medical experts of later generations have inherited the original prescription recorded in the
Yan's Prescriptions to Aid the Living
, while dispute has emerged during the inheritance of this prescription. In this study, the method of bibliometrics was employed to review and analyze the ancient documents and modern clinical studies involving Xiaoji Yinzi. The results showed that Xiaoji Yinzi has two dosage forms: powder and decoction. According to the measurement system in the Song Dynasty, the modern doses of hers in Xiaoji Yinzi were transformed. In the prepration of Xiaoji Yinzi powder, 149.2 g of Rehmanniae Radix and 20.65 g each of Cirsii Herba, Talcum, Akebiae Caulis, stir-fried Typhae Pollen, Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Nodus, Lophatheri Herba, wine-processed Angelicae Sinensis Radix, stir-fried Gardeniae Fructus, and stir-fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma are grounded into fine powder with the particle size of 4-10 meshes and a decocted with 450 mL water to reach a volume of 240 mL. After removal of the residue, the decoction was taken warm before meals, 3 times a day (i.e., 7.77 g Rehmanniae Radix and 0.97 g each of the other herbs each time). In the preparation of Xiaoji Yinzi decoction, 20.65 g each of the above 10 herbs are used, with stir-fried Typhae Pollen, wine-processed Angelica Sinensis Radix, stir-fired Gardeniae Fructus, stir-fired Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and raw materials of other herbs. Xiaoji Yinzi is specialized in treating hematuresis and blood stranguria due to heat accumulation in lower energizer, which causes injury of the blood collaterals of gallbladder and dysfunction of Qi transformation. In modern clinical practice, Xiaoji Yinzi is specifically used for treating urinary diseases and can be expanded to treat diseases of the cardiovascular system and other systems according to pathogenesis. The comprehensive research on the key information could provide a scientific reference for the future development of Xiaoji Yinzi.
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