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江西中医药大学 药学院,现代中药制剂教育部重点实验室,南昌 330004
Published:20 January 2020,
Published Online:19 June 2019,
Received:18 April 2019,
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Ya-ling DENG, Hong-min REN, Xian-wen YE, et al. Progress of Historical Evolution of Processing, Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Effect of Platycodonis Radix. [J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 26(2):190-202(2020)
Ya-ling DENG, Hong-min REN, Xian-wen YE, et al. Progress of Historical Evolution of Processing, Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Effect of Platycodonis Radix. [J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 26(2):190-202(2020) DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20191946.
桔梗始载于《神农本草经》,功著于华盖之脏,有“诸药舟楫”之称,既能载诸药上行,又能引苦泄峻下。桔梗的炮制早在晋代就已有记载,具有悠久的炮制历史,除沿用至今的净制、切制和蜜炙,古代还出现了清炒、麸炒、醋炙、酒炙、姜炙、米泔水制、百合制等炮制方法。古人认为桔梗经过炮制加工可增强其宣肺、利咽、止咳之效。就桔梗的化学成分而言,目前已从桔梗的根、茎、叶中分离鉴定得到三萜皂苷类、黄酮类、酚类、甾醇类、多糖类、聚炔类及其他化合物共百余种,其中主要为三萜皂苷类化合物。此外,桔梗具有祛痰、镇咳、抗炎等药理作用。桔梗的药效成分主要是三萜皂苷类和多糖类,其中三萜皂苷类成分生物活性多样,是当前研究的热点。桔梗具有良好的宣肺祛痰作用,经过炮制后其药效增强;其成分复杂多样,具有丰富的药理活性。在整理文献资料的基础上,该文从桔梗的炮制历史沿革、化学成分及药理作用等方面进行论述,以期为桔梗的特色饮片炮制及现代研究提供参考,并为其炮制机制及质量控制研究提供理论依据。
Platycodonis Radix
which was first recorded in the
Agriculture God
'
s Canon of Materia Medica
. It is a multi-functional drug with a wide range of applications. The processing of Platycodonis Radix has been recorded as early as in the Jin dynasty
and has a long history of processing. Today
in addition to the washing
cutting and stir-frying with honey
there have also been more than 20 kinds of processing methods
such as stir-frying with wine
stir-frying with bran
stir-frying with Lilii Bulbus juice and so on. The ancients believed that Platycodonis Radix could enhance the effect of diffusing the lung
promoting pharynx and relieving cough by processing. In terms of the chemical compositions in Platycodonis Radix
more than 100 compositions
like triterpenoid saponins
flavonoids
phenols
sterols
polysaccharides and polyacetylenes
have been isolated and identified from it. Among them
triterpenoid saponins are the essential compositions. In addition
Platycodonis Radix has the pharmacological effects of expectorant
antitussive
anti-inflammatory
anti-tumor
etc. The medicinal ingredients of Platycodonis Radix are mainly triterpenoid saponins and polysaccharides. Among them
triterpenoid saponins have diverse biological activities
which lead it to be one of the hotspots of current researches. Platycodonis Radix has a good role in promoting lung and removing phlegm. After being processed
its medicinal effects are enhanced. It is complex and diverse in compositions of Platycodonis Radix so that has rich pharmacological activities. On the basis of sorting out the literature
this paper discusses the processing history
chemical composition and pharmacological effect of Platycodonis Radix
in order to provide reference for the special processing and modern research of Platycodonis Radix. Furtherly
it provides a theoretical basis for the research of its processing mechanism and quality control.
桔梗炮制方法历史沿革炮制工艺化学成分药理作用特色饮片
Platycodonis Radixprocessing methodhistorical evolutionprocessing technologychemical compositionpharmacological effectscharacteristics decoction pieces
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