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1.安徽中医药大学 药学院,合肥 230012
2.中国中医科学院 中药研究所,北京 100700
Received:14 May 2024,
Accepted:09 July 2024,
Published Online:05 June 2024,
Published:05 March 2025
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徐月,贾哲,王云等.基于“表里关联”的炒甘草质量动态变化分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(05):194-202.
XU Yue,JIA Zhe,WANG Yun,et al.Analysis on Dynamic Change of Stir-fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Quality Based on "Exterior-interior Correlation"[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(05):194-202.
徐月,贾哲,王云等.基于“表里关联”的炒甘草质量动态变化分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(05):194-202. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20241246.
XU Yue,JIA Zhe,WANG Yun,et al.Analysis on Dynamic Change of Stir-fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Quality Based on "Exterior-interior Correlation"[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(05):194-202. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20241246.
目的
2
探究炒甘草炮制过程中的质量变化规律,以期为炒甘草的制备工艺优化提供参考。
方法
2
利用清炒法炮制甘草17 min,按炮制时间每隔1 min采集炮制过程样品。采用视觉分析技术测定过程样品的外观颜色;按照2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》(四部)通则中的烘干法与醇溶性浸出物热浸法对炒甘草过程样品的水分和浸出物进行检测;采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定过程样品的芹糖甘草苷、甘草苷、芹糖异甘草苷、异甘草苷、甘草皂苷G2和甘草酸的含量。运用主成分分析(PCA)、偏最小二乘法-判别分析(PLS-DA)和Spearman相关性分析进行外观颜色、水分、浸出物、6种内在成分含量的聚类、判别和相关性分析。基于人工神经网络和随机森林算法,建立清炒甘草炮制程度的预测模型。在此基础上,基于质量标志物五原则,探寻清炒甘草的监控标志物。
结果
2
甘草炒制后颜色加深,炮制过程样品的外观颜色呈淡黄色至深黄色的变化规律;炒制过程中,饮片含水量随炒制时间的延长呈现降低趋势,浸出物含量随炒制时间的延长呈升高趋势;甘草炒制后,芹糖甘草苷、甘草苷和甘草皂苷G
2
总体呈降低趋势,芹糖异甘草苷和异甘草苷含量整体升高,甘草酸含量略有升高;相关性分析显示,水分与明亮度(
L
*
)、红绿值(
a
*
)呈正相关,与黄蓝值(
b
*
)、总色差值(
E
*
ab
)呈负相关;芹糖异甘草苷、异甘草苷与
L
*
、
a
*
呈负相关,与
b
*
、
E
*
ab
呈正相关。仅用色度值可将炮制过程分为炮制前期(0~14 min)和后期(15~17 min)2个阶段,综合水分、浸出物、6种成分含量及色度值可将炒甘草炮制过程区分为炮制前期(0~6 min)、中期(7~14 min)、后期(15~17 min)3个阶段。基于人工神经网络分析和随机森林算法,筛选出芹糖异甘草苷、异甘草苷、甘草苷和甘草酸可作为炒甘草的监控标志物。
结论
2
该文基于对炒甘草过程样品“表里”指标的分析,最终确定了芹糖异甘草苷、异甘草苷、甘草苷和甘草酸等4个炮制监控标志物,可为炒甘草的炮制工艺优化提供依据。
Objective
2
In order to provide a reference for the optimization of preparation process of stir-fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(sf-GRR), the quality changes during the processing was studied.
Methods
2
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma was processed by stir-frying for 17 min, and samples were collected every 1 min during the processing. The appearance color of the samples was determined by visual analysis technology, the moisture and extract of the process samples were detected by the drying method and the hot extraction method of alcohol-soluble extract in the general rules of the 2020 edition of
Chinese Pharmacopoeia
(part Ⅳ), and the con
tents of liquiritin apioside, liquiritin, isoliquiritin apioside, isoliquiritin, licoricesaponin G
2
and glycyrrhizic acid in the process samples were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Then principal component analysis(PCA), partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) and Spearman correlation analysis were used for clustering, discrimination and correlation analysis of the appearance color, moisture, extract and the contents of six internal components. Based on artificial neural network and random forest algorithm, the prediction model of processing degree of sf-GRR was established. On this basis, based on the five principles of quality marker(Q-Maker), explore the monitoring Q-Maker of sf-GRR.
Results
2
The color of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma deepened after stir-frying, and the appearance color of the sample changed from light yellow to dark yellow during processing. During the stir-frying process, the moisture content showed a decreasing trend with the extension of processing time, while the extract content showed an increasing trend with the extension of processing time. After stir-frying, the contents of liquiritin apioside, liquiritin and licoricesaponin G
2
showed an overall decreasing trend, while the contents of isoliquiritin apioside and isoliquiritin increased, and the content of glycyrrhizic acid increased slightly. The correlation analysis showed that moisture was positively correlated with brightness(
L
*
) and red/green value(
a
*
), and negatively correlated with yellow/blue value(
b
*
)
and total color difference(
E
*
ab
). Isoliquiritin apioside and isoliquiritin had negative correlation with
L
*
and
a
*
, and positive correlation with
b
*
and
E
*
ab
. The proce
ssing process of sf-GRR could be divided into two stages of the early stage(0-14 min) and the late stage(15-17 min), and could be divided into three stages of the early stage(0-6 min), the middle stage(7-14 min) and the late stage(15-17 min) by combining the moisture, extract, the contents of 6 components and color values. Based on artificial neural network analysis and random forest algorithm, isoliquiritin apioside, isoliquiritin, liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid were selected as monitoring markers for sf-GRR.
Conclusion
2
Based on the analysis of the exterior-interior indicators of process samples of sf-GRR, this paper ultimately identifies four processing monitoring markers, which can provide a basis for optimizing the processing technology of sf-GRR.
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