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1.河北中医药大学,石家庄 050200
2.河北省中西医结合肺病研究重点实验室,石家庄 050091
Received:22 September 2024,
Accepted:11 December 2024,
Published Online:18 December 2024,
Published:20 July 2025
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梁玉磊,闫亚男,李伟等.升陷汤调控氧化应激抑制泛凋亡改善特发性肺纤维化大鼠病理的机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(14):22-30.
LIANG Yulei,YAN Yanan,LI Wei,et al.Shengxiantang Alleviates Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats by Regulating Oxidative Stress to Inhibit PANoptosis[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(14):22-30.
梁玉磊,闫亚男,李伟等.升陷汤调控氧化应激抑制泛凋亡改善特发性肺纤维化大鼠病理的机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(14):22-30. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20242237.
LIANG Yulei,YAN Yanan,LI Wei,et al.Shengxiantang Alleviates Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats by Regulating Oxidative Stress to Inhibit PANoptosis[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(14):22-30. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20242237.
目的
2
观察过氧化应激对博来霉素诱导特发性肺纤维化(IPF)大鼠肺组织泛凋亡的影响,并探讨升陷汤改善IPF病理变化的可能机制。
方法
2
40只SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、诱导剂组、升陷汤组、诱导剂+升陷汤组,每组8只。模型制备采用气管内滴注博来霉素方法。诱导剂组大鼠灌服氧化三甲胺(TMAO)溶液(110 mg·kg
-1
);升陷汤组灌服升陷汤颗粒剂水溶液(0.81 g·kg
-1
),诱导剂+升陷汤组灌服TMAO溶液(110 mg·kg
-1
)和升陷汤(0.81 g·kg
-1
),1次/d,共28 d。苏木素-伊红(HE)染色和马松(Masson)染色观察肺组织病理改变;测定血清和肺组织丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平;荧光染色法检测肺组织活性氧(ROS)水平;免疫组化法检测肺组织焦孔素D(GSDMD)、胱天蛋白酶(Caspase)-3和混合谱系激酶结构域样蛋白(MLKL);蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测NOD样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)、Caspase-1、剪切的Caspase-1(cleaved Caspase-1)、GSDMD、B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、Caspase-3、cleaved Caspase-3、受体相互作用丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶(RIPK)1、RIPK3、MLKL、磷酸化(p)-MLKL相关通路蛋白表达情况。
结果
2
与假手术组比较,模型组肺组织炎性及纤维化程度均升高;血清和肺组织MDA含量升高(
P
<
0.05),SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性下降(
P
<
0.05);肺组织ROS阳性表达及GSDMD、Caspase-3、MLKL mRNA表达水平均升高(
P
<
0.05),NLRP3、Caspase-1、cleaved Caspase-1、GSDMD细胞焦亡通路蛋白,Bax、cleaved Caspase-3、Caspase-3细胞凋亡通路蛋白,RIPK1、RIPK3、p-MLKL、MLKL坏死性凋亡通路蛋白均升高(
P
<
0.05),Bcl-2蛋白表达降低(
P
<
0.05)。与模型组比较,诱导剂组血清和肺组织MDA含量增高(
P
<
0.05),SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性下降(
P
<
0.05),ROS阳性表达及焦亡通路蛋白、凋亡通路蛋白和坏死性凋亡通路蛋白表达,GSDMD、Caspase-3、MLKL mRNA表达均明显升高(
P
<
0.05),肺纤维化程度加重。与诱导剂组比较,升陷汤组和诱导剂+升陷汤组IPF大鼠肺组织中炎性及纤维化程度、血清和肺组织过氧化应激指标水平及细胞焦亡、凋亡、坏死性凋亡相关通路蛋白表达,GSDMD、Caspase-3、MLKL mRNA表达降低(
P
<
0.05),且升陷汤组改善优于诱导剂+升陷汤组(
P
<
0.05)。
结论
2
升陷汤可通过调控氧化应激抑制泛凋亡,有效延缓或逆转博来霉素诱导的IPF早期病理改变。
Objective
2
To observe the effect of peroxidative stress on the PANoptosis of the lung tissue in the rat model of bleomycin-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and explore the possible mechanism of Shengxiantang in alleviating the pathological changes of IPF.
Methods
2
Forty SP
F-grade male SD rats were randomly assigned to five groups: sham, model, inducer (trimethylamine oxide solution, 110 mg·kg
-1
), Shengxiantang (aqueous solution of Shengxiantang granules, 0.81 g·kg
-1
), and inducer (trimethylamine oxide solution, 110 mg·kg
-1
) + Shengxiantang (aqueous solution of Shengxiantang granules, 0.81 g·kg
-1
), with 8 rats per group. The IPF model was established via intratracheal administration of bleomycin. Rats received corresponding agents once daily for 28 days. Pathological changes in the lung tissue were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining. Serum and lung tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were quantified. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in the lung tissue was measured by fluorescence staining. The immunohistochemical assay was conducted to detect gasdermin D (GSDMD), cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase (Caspase)-3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). Western blot was adopted to determine the protein levels of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), Caspase-1, cleaved Caspase-1, GSDMD, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-3, receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase (RIPK) 1, RIPK3, MLKL, and phosphorylated MLKL (p-MLKL).
Results
2
Compared with the sham group, the model group showed exacerbated lung inflammation and fibrosis, a risen MDA level (
P
<
0.05), decreased activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px (
P
<
0.05), enhanced positive expression of ROS and mRNA levels of GSDMD, Caspase-3, and MLKL (
P
<
0.05), up-regulated expression levels of pyroptosis pathway-associated proteins (NLRP3, Caspase-1, cleaved Caspase-1, and GSDMD), apoptosis pathway-associated proteins (Bax, cleaved Caspase-3, and Caspase-3), and necroptosis pathway-associated prot
eins (RIPK1, RIPK3, p-MLKL, and MLKL) (
P
<
0.05), and a down-regulated protein level of Bcl-2 (
P
<
0.05). Compared with the model group, the inducer group exhibited elevated levels of MDA in the serum and lung tissue (
P
<
0.05), reduced activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px (
P
<
0.05), enhanced positive expression of ROS and pyroptosis/apoptosis/necroptosis pathway-associated proteins, up-regulated mRNA levels of GSDMD, Caspase-3, and MLKL (
P
<
0.05), and exacerbated pulmonary fibrosis. Compared with the inducer group, both Shengxiantang group and Shengxiantang + inducer group presented reductions in inflammation/fibrosis indices, oxidative stress biomarkers in the serum and lung tissue, expression levels of pyroptosis/apoptosis/necroptosis pathway-associated proteins, and mRNA levels of GSDMD, Caspase-3, and MLKL (
P
<
0.05), and the Shengxiantang group outperformed the Shengxiantang + inducer group (
P
<
0.05).
Conclusion
2
Shengxiantang effectively mitigates PANoptosis through modulation over oxidative stress, thereby delaying/reversing early-stage pathological changes induced by bleomycin exposure in IPF.
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