“The mortality rate of severe pneumonia remains high, and its core challenge lies in the dynamic evolution and precise regulation of immune imbalance. This article introduces its research progress in the field of immunotherapy for severe pneumonia. The team systematically sorted out the characteristics and pathological mechanisms of the five stages of immunity, established an immune quantification evaluation system, and explored the molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine monomers and formulas achieving dynamic balance of "dispelling evil and strengthening the body" through multi-target pathways. This opens up a new direction for constructing an immune typing oriented precision treatment strategy combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine.”