“Traditional Chinese medicine research has revealed that excessive generation of NETs mediates lung inflammation and cell damage in AECOPD, which is highly consistent with the pathogenesis of "lung deficiency, blood stasis, and heat toxin stagnation"; This article is based on the theory of collaterals, and summarizes the modern mechanism of NETs involved in the pathogenesis of AECOPD. It verifies the correlation between "heat toxin stagnation collaterals" and the biological effects of NETs, providing modern theoretical support for the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of clearing heat and unblocking collaterals in AECOPD, and opening up new directions for the development of new drugs.”