Objective:To study the relationship between the gallic acid content in Polygonum capitatum and soil fertility in different adaptation areas in Guizhou.The aim is to provide reference for the cultivation of P. capitatum. Method: The gallic acid contents and soil fertility indices on roots of P. capitatum from 41 adaptation areas were determined

and the data was analyzed by SPSS 16.0. Result: The content of gallic acid in almost 70% different populations was 0.15 %-0.25 %.The content of available ammonium nitrogen and organic matter in the soil is low; P. capitatum needs relatively more potassium and phosphorus; PH 5.65-7.73

suitable soil is slightly acidic or neutral. The correlation analysis shows that soil texture and fertility did not obviously effect the accumulation of the gallic acid content. Conclusion: During the cultivation of P. capitatum

it is recommended to choose a neutral or subacidic sandy loam

relatively fertile and convenient drainage-irrigation land

meanwhile

pay attention to maintain potassium and available phosphorus not less than 60.0

100.0 mg·kg-1 respectively in its growth process.