Objective: To establish a HPLC method for uncertainty analysis of icariin in bushen oral liquid. Method: HPLC method was established to determinate the content of icariin. Each active component of uncertainty was calculated the variable parameters among the procedures. The combined uncertainty and extended uncertainty and confidence were finally obtained by synthesized the uncertainties of various component variables. Result: The determined content of icariin in bushen oral liquid of this test is (0.2212±0.0140) g·L-1. Conclusion: The established mathematic model is applicable to the uncertainty analysis of icariin in bushen oral liquid by HPLC method.