Objective: To clarify the research progress in pharmacological actions of Rhizomn Polygoni Cuspidati

having the main bioactive components of stilbene compounds

on the basis of introducing its chemical components briefly. Method: Looked through the related literatures from domestic and abroad

analyzed and reviewed on them. Result: Up to now

the chemical components isolated from P. cuspidatum mainly include stilbenes

anthraquinones

flavonoids

tannins

polysaccharides

etc. Pharmacological results show that it has effects on anti-HIV

anticancer

antimicrobial

antivirus

anti-inflammation

anti-diabetes

anti-tissue (heart

brain

lung

kidney) damages

anti-lipid peroxidation

anti-osteoporosis

neuroprotection

hypolipidemic

hepatoprotection and so on. Stilbene compounds are the main and key bioactive components of various pharmacological actions

and meanwhile anthraquinones can play important roles to some extent in the actions of P. cuspidatum. Conclusion: P. cuspidatum has wide ranges of pharmacological actions and great exploiting values in various aspects

especially in anti-HIV and anticancer. The present review can provide significant reference for further studies and exploitations of P. cuspidatum.