ObJective: To investigate the effect of pretreatment by vagotomy and nicotine on systemic inflammatory reaction syndrome (SIRS) in a rat model of "two-hit"

and to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of SIRS. Method: Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups

i.e. group A (control) without treatment

group B(unilateral vagotomy)

group C (nicotine intervention)

group D (unilateral vagotomy+nicotine intervention). The above interventions lasted 7 days. Afterwards

group B

group C and group D were treated by hemorrhagic shock and ip LPS for inducing SIPS. Twelve hours later

blood was with drawn to test the blood cell count

TNF-α

IL-6

LDH

CPK BUN

Cr

ALT

AST and TBA. Result: Vagotomy could promote inflammation

and nicotine pretreatment could inhibit inflammation. Joint pretreatment of vagotomy+nicotine could produce and inflammatory state in between. Conclusion: Nicotine in the secondary cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways appears to be independent to the integrity of vagus nerve. It may function independently.