Objective: To observe the effects of Naoqing Penbi Weiru on the permeability of blood-brain barrier(BBB) and ultrastructure of cortex endothelial cells after acute ischemic stroke. Method: The model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established using self-embolus method. After screening

the male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group

the model group

the Naoqing Penbi Weiru group and gived drug intervention. Naoqing Penbi Weiru group nasal drip with Naoqing Penbi Weiru 0.19 mL·kg-1(amount to contain muscone 0.011 mg·kg-1)

three times one day. Control group and model group nasal drip with equivalent normal saline at the same time. Every group detected the permeability of nerve function by the Bederson's score

the permeability of blood-brain barrier(BBB) by the Evans blue dye (EB dye)

watch the ultrastructure of Cortex endothelial cells in ischemic region by electron microscopy

Zonula occludins protins-1(ZO-1)

laminin(LN) and Aquaporin Protein-4(AQP-4)by western-blot. Result: Compared with the same phase control group

in the model group

the Bederson's score

the EB dye and the protein of AQP-4 significantly improved(P<0.05). The protein of ZO-1 and LN were significantly lower(P<0.05). Neurons and endothelial cell morphology were worse than the control group.Compared with the same phase model group

in the Naoqing Penbi Weiru group

the Bederson's score

the EB dye and the protein of AQP-4 significantly decreased(P<0.05). The protein of ZO-1 and LN were significantly higher(P<0.05). Neurons and endothelial cell morphology were better than the modol group. With the same group but at different time points compared

in the Naoqing Penbi Weiru group

Bederson's score

the Evans Blue dye (EB dye) and the protein of AQP-4 gradually decreased(P<0.05)

the protein of ZO-1 were gradually higher(P<0.05) and the protein of Laminin were gradually higher(P<0.05)at 3 day. Neurons and endothelial edema were the most serious at 1 day. At 7 day

degeneration and necrosis of neurons was the most and basement membrane and organelle of endothelial cell defects most serious. Conclusion: Naoqing Penbi Weiru group can adjust BBB permeability

protect the integrity of BBB structure and function

reduce the apoptosis of neurons

reduce the damage of reversible neurons and promote the recovery of neurological function by regulating and controling the main protein AQP-4

LN and ZO-1 in the three layer structure of BBB.