Objective: To study the repairing effects of Buyang Huanwu Decoction （ BYHWD） on rat common peroneal nerve after peripheral nerve injury. Method: Common peroneal nerve injury induced by clamp was established for sixty Sprague-Dawley rats

then they were randomly divided into 6 groups for daily intragastric administration of drugs: BYHWD high-dose （25. 92 g /kg）

BYHWD medium-dose （12. 96 g /kg）

BYHWD lowdose （6. 48 g /kg）

mecobalamin （625 μg /kg） as the positive control

normal saline for model group and normal saline for the sham operation group. The drug administration lasted for 18 days. Electrophysiology was performed 18 days after operation to determine the compound muscle action potentials （ CMAPs）. The number of regenerated myelinated nerve fibers

thickness of myelin sheath and cross sectional area of tibial muscle were evaluated by histomorphology. Result: Amplitude of CMAP

the number of regenerated myelinated nerve fibers and thickness of myelin sheath in BYHWD high-dose and medium-dose group were all increased significantly compared with the model group. Conclusion: BYHWD contributes to axon growth and myelination reformation

thus promotes peripheral nerve regeneration in rats.