Objective:To study the effect of Gengnianchun formula（GNC） on BDNF in hippocampus of ovariectomized SD rat.Method: Ten to twelve months old SD rats were randomized into mimic sham operation group

ovariectomized（OVX） group + NS

OVX + high-dose GNC group

OVX + low-dose GNC group and OVX + Nilestriol group.A little fat around ovary was cut in mimic sham operation group rats.Ovariectomy was operated in four other groups.These rats were fed with GNC

nilestriol or NS for 12 weeks respectively.The changes learning and memory were tested by Morris water maze（MWM）.The real time PCR was performed to determine the mRNA level of BDNF in right hippocampuses.And the immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the distribution of protein of BDNF in paraffin section of left hippocampus CA3.Result:Twelve weeks after ovariectomy

the scale of BDNF mRNA and protein decreased in ovariectomized rat

but rats fed with GNC or Nilestriol had higher scale of BDNF mRNA and protein.Conclusion:GNC may increase the BDNF mRNA and protein in hippocampus

and to improve the learning and memory ability for the ovx rats.