Objective:To observe the Fuzhi Capsule on long-term potentiation of hippocampus neuronal cell of rats with vascular dementia. Method:The SPF male SD rats were divided into model group

Donepezil group

Fuzhi capsule high and low dosage groups

and sham operation control group randomly.The vascular dementia model was established by permanent bilateral common carotid artery ligation (2-VO). Drugs were administered to rats by gastric perfusion once a day for 4 weeks. Then all the rats were detected the behavior by Morris water maze

the changes of population spike potential amplitude induced by the high frequency stimulation will be detected by long-term potentiation(LTP) inducted method and the expression of N-niethyl-D-asportate(NMDA) in hippocampus by immunohistochemistry. Result:Compared with the sham operation group

the learning and memory ability of rats in model group were decreased

the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly prolonged

the number of across the platform after remove platform were decreased

the population spike potential amplitude of hippocampal neurons in dentate gyrus decreased markedly

the number of NMDA immunoreactive cells was significantly reduced(P<0.05). Compared with the model group

the learning and memory ability of rats in Fuzhi capsule high and low dosage group and donepezil group were improved

the escape latency and swimming distance were shortened

the number of across the platform after remove platform were increased obviously

the population spike potential amplitude of hippocampal neurons in dentate gyrus increased markedly

the number of NMDA immunoreactive cells was significantly increased(P<0.05). Conclusion:Fuzhi capsule can improve the learning and memory ability of rats with vascular dementia by increasing the number of NMDA immunoreactive cells and the population spike potential amplitude of hippocampal neurons

improve the long term potentiation of synapses of hippocampal neurons of rat with vascular dementia.