Objective: To screen effective part of Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus by comparing protective effect of different polar extract parts on diabetic nephropathy(DN). Method: Streptozotocin was adopted to establish a mice model of DN

DN mice were divided into the normal group and the model group by ig water of 10 mL·kg-1

the irbesartan group(ig by 10 mL·kg-1)

Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus extract groups(ig petroleum ether

chloroform

ethyl acetate

n-butanol fractions by 20 g·kg-1·d-1)

various extraction sites interventions were regularly observed blood glucose and blood biochemistry

timed and measured urinary protein excretion in urine

in order to determine effective part of its anti-diabetic nephropathy. Result: Compared with the normal group

blood glucose of other groups significantly increased without significant difference among these six groups;with extension of administration time

blood glucose of each drug group did not significant decrease.Compared with the normal group

24 h urine protein of the model group significantly increased

this index of each treatment group significantly reduced by comparing with the model group.Body weight significantly reduced and relative kidney increased singificantly of each group by comparing with the normal group

after drug intervention

each treatment group had opposite effect by comparing with the model group.After administration

serum creatinine(SCr) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) of each group increased signigicantly by comparing with the normal group

but this index of each treatment group had oppsite effect by comparing with the moedl group.Petroleum ether part of Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus showed better results than other parts

its urine protein

BUN and SCr decreased significantly.Urine protein in 24 h

SCr and BUN were (1.99±0.21) mg

(121.16±9.66) μmol·L-1 and (7.70±0.41) mmol·L-1

respectively. Conclusion: It is suggested that petroleum ether fraction of Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus may be the effective fraction for anti-diabetic nephropathy.