Objective: To compare the effect of different extraction fractions from compound Yuxingcao on the renal injury and some genes in the JAK/STAT pathway in db/db mice

and further investigate its mechanism in preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy. Method: Eight-week-old db/m and db/db mice were divided into seven groups:the db/m mice normal group

the db/db mice model group

the JAK enzyme inhibitor-treated group (AG490

1 mg·kg-1)

the compound Yuxingcao ether extracted fraction (SYM) group

the ethyl acetate extracted fraction (YSYZ) group

the n-butyl alcohol extracted fraction (ZDC) group and the water extracted compound (ST) group

orally administered with drugs for 8 weeks (7.8 g·kg-1). The changes in urinary albumin (Alb)

24 h urine protein quantitation

blood glucose

aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

fibronectin (FN) were measured. The changes in JAK2mRNA

STAT1mRNA

STAT3mRNA and SOCS-1mRNA in nephridial tissues were detected by RT-PCR. Result: Compared with the normal group

the model group showed significant increases in Alb

24 h urine protein quantitation

blood glucose

FN (P<0.05). Compared with the model group

urinary Alb

24 h urine protein quantitation and FN had different degrees of relieves. Compared with the ST group

the ZDC group was better than other extracted fraction groups

particularly in urinary Alb and FN (P<0.05). Compared with the model group

the STAT1mRNA expression in AG490

SYM

YSYZ and ZDC groups were significantly lower (P<0.05);the SOCS-1mRNA expression in ZDC and ST groups were higher (P<0.05). However

JAK2mRNA and STAT3mRNA expressions in all treatment groups had no significant difference. Conclusion: Compound Yuxingcao can reduce urinary Alb

24 h urine protein quantitation and FN excretion. Its n-butyl alcohol extracted fractions show a better effect than other extracted fractions

and can regulate the gene expressions related to JAK/STAT-SOCS1 and relieve the diabetes kidney injury.