Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of Angong Niuhuang Wan plus Fengyin decoction in treating severe hand-foot-mouth disease (terrific heat and dynamic wind type) as well as its influence on serum S-100β protein (S-100β) and brain batriuretic peptide (BNP). Method: One hundred and forty-two patients with severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease were randomly divided into control group and treatment group

with 71 cases in each group according to hospital admission sequence. Control group received routine treatment and symptomatic treatment referring to treatment guide of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (2010 year). Based on the treatment in control group

patients in treatment group also received retention enema of Angong Niuhuang Wan (1 wan/time

1/4 wan/time for child of 3 years old

and 1/2 wan/time for child of 4-6 years old)

1 time/day;combined with oral administration or nasal feeding of Fengyin decoction (1 dose/d and bid in convention decoction form

50 mL/time for child of 3-5 years old

10-40 mL/time for child<3 years old

3-5 times/d). Course of treatment was 10 days in both groups. Clinical symptoms and signs were observed and length of stay was recorded for two groups. PaO2

SPO2

S-100β

and BNP were detected in both groups. Result: The total efficacy of treatment group was 88.73%

which was superior to 73.23% in control group (P<0.05). Extinction time of erythra

bleb

skittishness and limb tremor

as well as temperature recovery time and length of stay in treatment group were superior to control group (P<0.01). PaO2 and SPO2 of treatment group were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.01). After treatment

serum S-100β and BNP in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group with statistical difference (P<0.01). Conclusion: Based on western medicine conventional therapy

Angong Niuhuang Wan combined with Fengyin decoction could relieve clinical symptoms and signs of severe hand-foot-mouth disease (terrific heat and dynamic wind type)

improve oxygen saturation of blood and partial pressure of oxygen

and shorten length of stay. Reduction of serum S-100β and BNP levels may be involved in above-mentioned regulation.