Objective: To analyze the types and main potential causes of Diemailing (DML) allergic reactions

and explore the underlying mechanisms of such allergic reactions. Method: According to the Guideline for Immunotoxicity Research (Allergy and Photoallergic Reaction) on Chinese Medicine and Natural Medicine

the active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) test and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test were carried out for DML ixeis sonchifolia hance injection. Serum IgE

C3

C4

interleukin(IL)-4

IL-10

IL-2

prostaglandin D2(PGD2)

leukotriene C4 (LTC4)

tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ levels were determined by using ELISA. Result: ASA allergic symptoms

after stimulation

the ovalbumin group experienced the strongest positive symptom (death). The allergic symptoms of the non-ultrafiltrated DML group were stronger than those of the sodium chloride injection group and the ultrafiltrated DML group (P<0.01). Changes in serum immunological parameters:Compared with the sodium chloride injection group

some indexes in serum of the non-ultrafiltrated DML group were increased significantly such as IgE

IL-10

LTC4

TNF-α

IFN-γ and IL-2 (P<0.05

P<0.01)

and the levels of PGD2

TNF-α and IFN-γ in ultrafiltrated DML group were also increased significantly (P<0.05

P<0.01). Compared with the ultrafiltrated DML group

Levels of serum IgE and IL-4 of the non-ultrafiltrated DML group were significantly increased (P<0.05

P<0.01). PCA:Positive rate of blue spots is zero in the sodium chloride injection group. Compared with the ovalbumin group

the diameters of blue spots were significantly decreased in both non-ultrafiltrated DML group and ultrafiltrated DML group (P<0.05

P<0.01). Compared with the sodium chloride injection group and ultrafiltrated DML group

the absorbance (A) of the non-ultrafiltrated DML group was significantly increased (P<0.01). The A of the ovalbumin group was significantly increased than that of the ultrafiltrated DML group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Type I allergy mediated by IgE is the main type of DML injection's allergic reactions. The macromolecular substance in DML can release various inflammatory mediators through IgE mediated immune stimulation. This kind of immunity reaction may be the main mechanism of allergic reactions in DML

so reducing macromolecular substances may be an important way to prevent allergic reactions of DML.