Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the genetic diversity and medicinal quality of Belamcandae Rhizoma from different provenances and provide a theoretical basis for rational utilization of germplasm resources and fine variety breeding of Belamcandae Rhizoma.Method: The genetic diversity of 9 provenances of Belamcandae Rhizoma were analyzed by ISSR molecular markers

and the content of irisflorentin in the rhizome was determined by HPLC.Result: The contents of irisflorentin in 9 provenances of Belamcandae Rhizoma were among 0.12%-0.36%; the percentage of polymorphic loci (PPB) were 55.42%-90.36%; the coefficient of gene differentiation (GST) was 0.204 1 and the gene flow (Nm) was 1.951 5.Conclusion: The content of secondary metabolites of Belamcandae Rhizoma had little correlation to genetic diversity

but was more subjected to growing environments

so in the process of variety breeding for Belamcandae Rhizoma

more work shall be done to deal with germplasm selection

cultivation environment and cultivation methods synthetically.