Objective: To investigate the distribution regularity of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome of IgA nephropathy and the predictive value of microRNA(miR) on IgA nephropathy. Method: Totally 109 clinical cases diagnosed as IgA nephropathy by renal puncture were collected. According to the diagnostic criteria of TCM syndromes

they were divided into four groups:lung and kidney deficiency group

spleen and kidney deficiency group

liver and kidney deficiency group

and Qi and Yin deficiency group. The relationship between TCM syndrome distribution and clinical indexes was analyzed. Among the patients with the highest syndromes

10 cases were randomly selected

with 10 healthy people as controls

and the expression of miR was detected by Real-time PCR. Result: Among the five syndromes

lung-kidney-Qi deficiency was the lightest clinical manifestation

with the lowest pathological grade; Spleen-kidney-Yang deficiency was the heaviest clinical manifestation

with the highest pathological grade; the glomerular filtration rate was lower than the other four types

whereas the 24-hour urine protein

serum creatinine were higher than the other four types. Among them

Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome had the highest frequency in IgA patients

with a total of 49 cases. The serum levels of miR141 and miR146a were higher than those in normal group

while miR205

miR155 and miR192 were lower than normal group. Conclusion: The pathological changes of IgA nephropathy and the changes of clinical physical and chemical indexes aggravated to a certain extent. The pathogenesis evolution of TCM syndromes is that the pathogenesis of the syndromes of the kidney and kidney is Qi and kidney deficiency-spleen and kidney Qi deficiency-liver and kidney Qi deficiency-Qi and Yin deficiency-spleen and kidney Yang deficiency. The difference of miR expression is closely related to the severity of IgA nephropathy and the progression of the disease

which provides a new basis for the pathogenesis and diagnosis of IgA nephropathy.