Objective: To investigate the effect of Gandou decoction combined with sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate in treatment of cognitive impairment of patients of Wilson's disease (WD). Method: Totally 85 WD patients were collected and divided into two groups. One group was administered with Gandou decoction combined with sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate

and the other group was given sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate for four courses. The clinical and laboratory parameters were compared at the baseline and the fourth course. Result: After 4 courses of treatment

patients in two groups showed obvious efficacy in improving cognitive function

and the score of Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) in treatment group increased more obviously; among the 8 sub-items of MoCA scale

the executive capability and the linguistic function increased more obviously; the cognitive function-related index superoxide dismutase(SOD) was increased obviously in both groups

and the treatment group was superior to control group in this aspect. In addition

the level of index superoxide dismutase(SOD); homocysteine(Hcy) was significantly decreased in treatment group

but with no obvious change in control group. The 24-hour urinary was also changed obviously in treatment group compared with control group; adverse reaction was reported

which showed obvious difference between two groups. Conclusion: The regimen of Gandou decoction combined with sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate is an effective therapy for WD patients with cognitive impairment.