
浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
1.甘肃农业大学 农学院 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃省中药材规范化生产技术创新重点实验室,甘肃省药用植物栽培育种工程研究中心,生命科学技术学院,兰州 730070
2.甘肃中天药业有限责任公司,甘肃省特色药用植物资源保护与利用工程实验室,甘肃省特色药材 规范化可追溯栽培工程技术研究中心,甘肃 定西 748100
王红燕,从事药用植物资源与利用研究,E-mail:925233480@qq.com
* 陈垣,教授,博士生导师,从事药用植物资源与利用研究,E-mail:chenyuan@gsau.edu.cn; *
郭凤霞,教授,博士生导师,从事药用植物资源与利用研究,E-mail:guofx@gsau.edu.cn
收稿日期:2021-06-27,
网络出版日期:2021-10-11,
纸质出版日期:2021-12-20
移动端阅览
王红燕,陈垣,郭凤霞等.棉隆土壤熏蒸对党参育苗品质和产量的效应[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(24):138-147.
WANG Hong-yan,CHEN Yuan,GUO Feng-xia,et al.Enhancement of Quality and Yield in Codonopsis pilosula Seedlings by Soil Fumigation with Dazomet[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(24):138-147.
王红燕,陈垣,郭凤霞等.棉隆土壤熏蒸对党参育苗品质和产量的效应[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(24):138-147. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20211416.
WANG Hong-yan,CHEN Yuan,GUO Feng-xia,et al.Enhancement of Quality and Yield in Codonopsis pilosula Seedlings by Soil Fumigation with Dazomet[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(24):138-147. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20211416.
目的
2
为了探寻党参高效高质育苗方法。
方法
2
在党参主产区甘肃省宕昌县采用含98%甲基异硫氰酸酯的棉隆对土壤消毒后进行4个品种党参育苗,出苗后定期测定育苗田党参种苗生长动态及其品质产量差异。
结果
2
①消毒使土壤酶活性变化趋势为抑制—恢复,使党参种苗根长增加9.8%,株高、株幅、茎长、茎粗、分支数、分节数、叶片数及拟合叶面积等田间生长指标不同程度提高,并且株高呈现“S”形生长趋势。其中,“甘党1号”和“甘党2号”生长优于“渭党1号”和“宕昌当地品种”;②消毒使党参根部田间发病率降低4.9%,其中“甘党1号”和“甘党2号”田间发病率显著低于优于“渭党1号”和“宕昌当地品种”;③消毒使党参种苗总株数增加61.50万株/hm
2
(1 hm
2
=1万m
2
),其中一级种苗数增加45.3%,二级种苗数增加42.2%;④消毒使党参种苗产量提高42.4%,其中土壤消毒对“甘党2号”产量影响最为显著,产量提高61.8%,土壤消毒对“甘党1号”产量影响最弱,产量提高15.4%。⑤综合分析得出,消毒区党参种苗品质及产量优于未消毒区。
结论
2
该研究揭示了育苗前土壤消毒与未消毒对不同品种党参品质及产量的影响程度,探明了土壤消毒虽然对不同党参品种育苗品种产量影响力度不同,但都表现为促进作用。
Objective
2
To explore the high-efficiency and high-quality seedling raising method of
Codonopsis pilosula
.
Method
2
In the main production area of
C. pilosula
in the Tanchang county,Gansu province,after the soil was fumigated with dazomet (containing 98% methylisothiocyanate), four varieties of
C. pilosula
seedlings were raised. The dynamic change in growth and differences in quality and yield of
C. pilosula
seedlings after emergence were regularly determined.
Result
2
① The soil enzyme activity was first inhibited and then restored by soil fumigation,which increased the root length of
C. pilosula
seedlings by 9.8%. Besides, the field growth indexes such as plant height,plant width,stem length,stem diameter,number of branches,number of nodes,number of leaves, and fitted leaf area increased in varying degrees,and the plant height showed an "S"-shaped growth trend. "Gandang No.1" and "Gandang No.2" grew better than "Weidang No.1" and "Tanchang control". ② Fumigation reduced the incidence rate of
C. pilosula
root in the field by 4.9%,and the incidence rates of "Gandang No.1" and "Gandang No.2" were significantly lower than those of "Weidang No.1" and "Tanchang control". ③ Fumigation increased the total number of
C. pilosula
seedlings by 6.15×10
5
plants·hm
-2
,of which the number of primary seedlings increased by 45.3% and that of secondary seedlings increased by 42.2%. ④ Fumigation increased the seedling yield of
C. pilosula
by 42.4%. It showed the most significant effect on the yield of "Gandang No.2",which increased by 61.8%, and the weakest effect on the yield of "Gandang No.1",which increased by 15.4%. ⑤ Comprehensive analysis showed that the quality and yield of
C. pilosula
seedlings in the fumigation area were better than those in the non-fumigation area.
Conclusion
2
The results showed that soil fumigation showed a promoting effect on the seedling yield of
C. pilosula
in spite of different effects achieved in terms of different varieties.
国家药典委员会 . 中华人民共和国药典:一部 [M]. 北京 : 中国医药科技出版社 , 2020 : 293 - 294 .
CHEN L , HUANG G . The antiviral activity of polysaccharides and their derivatives [J]. Int J Biol Macromol , 2018 , 115 : 77 - 82 .
LIU W , LV X , HUANG W , et al . Characterization and hypoglycemic effect of a neutral polysaccharide extracted from the residue of Codonopsis pilosula [J]. Carbohyd Polym , 2018 , 197 : 215 - 226 .
GAO S M , LIU J S , WANG M , et al . Traditional uses,phytochemistry,pharmacology and toxicology of Codonopsis :a review [J]. J Ethnopharmacol , 2018 , 219 : 50 - 70 .
YANG D D , CHEN Y , GUO F X , et al . Comparative analysis of chemical composition,antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of leaves,leaf tea and root from Codonopsis pilosula [J]. Ind Crop Prod , 2019 , 142 : 111844 .
YANG J , YANG X , LI B , et al . Establishment of in vitro culture system for Codonopsis pilosula transgenic hairy roots [J]. 3 Biotech , 2020 , 10 ( 3 ): 1 - 8 .
李隆云 , 彭锐 , 李红莉 , 等 . 中药材种子种苗的发展策略 [J]. 中国中药杂志 , 2010 , 35 ( 2 ): 247 - 252 .
王长林 , 厉彦森 , 郭巧生 , 等 . 种苗与施肥对明党参产量和质量的影响 [J]. 中国中药杂志 , 2007 ( 4 ): 293 - 296 .
白波 , 王国祥 , 蔡子平 , 等 . 党参育苗技术研究综述 [J]. 甘肃农业科技 , 2018 ( 9 ): 69 - 72 .
曹世勤 , 王万军 , 贾秋珍 , 等 . 98%棉隆颗粒剂土壤处理对甘肃陇南低海拔川道区小麦田有害生物发生及产量的影响 [J]. 植物保护 , 2021 , 47 ( 1 ): 248 - 252 .
BECHER J O , OHR H D , GRECH N M , et al . Evaluation of methyl iodide as a soil fumigant in container and small field plot studies [J]. Pestic Sci , 1998 , 52 ( 1 ): 58 - 62 .
胡洪涛 , 朱志刚 , 焦忠久 , 等 . 棉隆土壤消毒对高山甘蓝根肿病的防效及土壤真菌群落的影响 [J]. 华中农业大学学报 , 2019 , 38 ( 3 ): 25 - 31 .
徐少卓 , 赵玉文 , 王义坤 , 等 . 棉隆熏蒸加短期轮作葱对平邑甜茶幼苗生长及其生理的影响 [J]. 园艺学报 , 2018 , 45 ( 6 ): 1021 - 1030 .
刘恩太 , 李园园 , 胡艳丽 , 等 . 棉隆对苹果连作土壤微生物及平邑甜茶幼苗生长的影响 [J]. 生态学报 , 2014 , 34 ( 4 ): 847 - 852 .
ŚLUSARSKI C , PIETR S J . Combined application of dazomet and Trichoderma asperellum as an efficient alternative to methyl bromide in controlling the soil-borne disease complex of bell pepper [J]. Crop Prot , 2009 , 28 ( 8 ): 668 - 674 .
HARRIS D C . A comparison of dazomet,chloropicrin and methyl bromide as soil disinfestants for strawberries [J]. J Hortic Sci Biotech , 1991 , 66 ( 1 ): 51 - 58 .
EO J , PARK K C . Effects of dazomet on soil organisms and recolonisation of fumigated soil [J]. Pedobiologia , 2014 , 57 ( 3 ): 147 - 154 .
PORTER I J , MERRIMAN P R , KEANE P J . Integrated control of pink root ( Pyrenochaeta terrestris ) of onions by dazomet and soil solarization [J]. Aust J Agr Res , 1989 , 40 ( 4 ): 861 - 869 .
靳晓山 , 解林昊 , 王雪 , 等 . 98%棉隆微粒剂对人参田杂草的防除效果及安全性 [J]. 农药 , 2018 , 57 ( 9 ): 682 - 686 .
吴昊 , 王理德 , 宋达成 , 等 . 民勤退耕区不同年限退耕地土壤理化性质及酶活性 [J]. 干旱地区农业研究 , 2021 , 39 ( 1 ): 191 - 199 .
陈垣 , 朱蕾 , 郭凤霞 , 等 . 甘肃渭源蒙古黄芪根腐病病原菌的分离与鉴定 [J]. 植物病理学报 , 2011 , 41 ( 4 ): 428 - 431 .
杨扶德 , 罗文蓉 , 崔治家 , 等 . 白条党参种苗的等级划分标准研究 [J]. 时珍国医国药 , 2017 , 28 ( 2 ): 452 - 454 .
李瑞杰 , 陈垣 , 郭凤霞 , 等 . 素花党参种苗质量分级标准研究 [J]. 中国中药杂志 , 2012 , 37 ( 20 ): 3041 - 3046 .
金彦博 , 郭凤霞 , 陈垣 , 等 . 岷县不同茬口对当归苗栽生长及抗病性的影响 [J]. 草业学报 , 2018 , 27 ( 4 ): 69 - 78 .
姜伟涛 , 陈冉 , 王海燕 , 等 . 棉隆熏蒸处理对平邑甜茶幼苗生长和生物学特性及土壤环境的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报 , 2020 , 31 ( 9 ): 3085 - 3092 .
GE G F , LI Z J , ZHANG J , et al . Geographical and climatic differences in long-term effect of organic and inorganic amendments on soil enzymatic activities and respiration in field experimental stations of China [J]. Ecol Complex , 2009 , 6 ( 4 ): 421 - 431 .
GIANFREDA L , RAO M A , PIOTROWSKA A , et al . Soil enzyme activities as affected by anthropogenic alterations: intensive agricultural practices and organic pollution [J]. Sci Total Environ , 2005 , 341 ( 1/3 ): 265 - 279 .
MARX M C , WOOD M , JARVIS S C . A microplate fluorimetric assay for the study of enzyme diversity in soils [J]. Soil Biol Biochem , 2001 , 33 ( 12/13 ): 1633 - 1640 .
YANG Y S , LIU C J , KUTSCH W , et al . Impact of Continuous Chinese Fir Monoculture on Soil [J]. Pedosphere , 2004 , 14 ( 1 ): 117 - 124 .
张昀 , 关连珠 , 胡克伟 , 等 . 吡嘧磺隆二氯喹啉酸对土壤呼吸强度和酶活性的影响 [J]. 农业环境科学学报 , 2005 ( S1 ): 73 - 76 .
刘新雨 , 程佳 , 刘硕 , 等 . 秸秆还田玉米田土壤酶活性与地下害虫发生量相关性分析 [J]. 吉林农业大学学报 , 2021 , doi: 22.1100.S.20210326.1442.004l http://dx.doi.org/22.1100.S.20210326.1442.004l .
MAZZOLA M , MANICI L M . Apple replant disease: role of microbial ecology in cause and control [J]. Annu Rev Phytopathol , 2012 , 50 : 45 - 65 .
徐博琼 , 陈垣 , 郭凤霞 , 等 . 移栽密度对蒙古黄芪生长发育及产量质量的影响 [J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志 , 2020 , 26 ( 2 ): 135 - 143 .
YAN D D , WANG Q , Li Y , et al . Analysis of the inhibitory effects of chloropicrin fumigation on nitrification in various soil types [J]. Chemosphere , 2017 , 175 : 459 - 464 .
吴红淼 , 林文雄 . 药用植物连作障碍研究评述和发展透视 [J]. 中国生态农业学报:中英文 , 2020 , 28 ( 6 ): 775 - 793 .
FANG W , WANG X , HUANG B , et al . Comparative analysis of the effects of five soil fumigants on the abundance of denitrifying microbes and changes in bacterial community composition [J]. Ecotox Environ Saf , 2020 , 187 : 109850 .
Munnecke D E , Martin J P . Release of methyl isothiocyanate from soils treated with mylone (3,5- dimethyltetrahydro-3,5-2H-thiadiazine-2-thione) [J]. Phytopathology , 1964 , 54 : 941 - 945 .
HARRIS D C . Control of Verticillium wilt and other soil-borne diseases of strawberry in Britain by chemical soil disinfestation [J]. J Hortic Sci Biotech , 1990 , 65 ( 4 ): 401 - 408 .
0
浏览量
19
下载量
4
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621