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1.湖北中医药大学 中药资源中心,武汉 430065
2.中国中医科学院 中药资源中心 道地药材国家重点实验室培育基地,北京 100700
马琳,在读硕士,从事中药资源与中药质量评价研究,E-mail:1091878973@qq.com
* 刘大会,教授,博士生导师,从事中药资源与中药质量评价研究,Tel:027-68890106,E-mail:liudahui@hbtcm.edu.cn
收稿日期:2021-02-21,
网络出版日期:2021-04-19,
纸质出版日期:2021-09-20
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马琳,陈昌婕,郭兰萍等.有机肥和化肥配施对蕲艾生长、产量及品质的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(18):128-135.
MA Lin,CHEN Chang-jie,GUO Lan-ping,et al.Effects of Combined Application Organic Fertilizer and Chemical Fertilizer on Agronomic Characters,Yield and Quality of Artemisiae Argyi Folium[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(18):128-135.
马琳,陈昌婕,郭兰萍等.有机肥和化肥配施对蕲艾生长、产量及品质的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(18):128-135. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20211548.
MA Lin,CHEN Chang-jie,GUO Lan-ping,et al.Effects of Combined Application Organic Fertilizer and Chemical Fertilizer on Agronomic Characters,Yield and Quality of Artemisiae Argyi Folium[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(18):128-135. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20211548.
目的
2
探究不同比例有机肥和化学肥料(以下简称“化肥”)配施对蕲艾生长、产量和品质的影响,为蕲艾种植的科学施肥提供理论依据。
方法
2
采用田间小区试验,设置5个不同比例有机肥和化肥配施处理方式[OM
0
(零生物有机肥配施),OM
17
(17%生物有机肥配施),OM
33
(33%生物有机肥配施),OM
67
(67%生物有机肥配施),OM
100
(100%生物有机肥配施)],测定不同处理方式对蕲艾农艺性状、叶片产量、出绒率、挥发油含量、黄酮与酚酸类成分含量及矿质元素含量的影响。
结果
2
随着有机肥配施比例升高,蕲艾单位面积出苗数、株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶片宽、叶片长、枯叶高和叶片产量均呈先增加后降低趋势;其中,艾叶产量在OM
33
处理较OM
0
处理增加61.37%。随着有机肥配施比例的增加,蕲艾叶片出绒率呈持续增加趋势;挥发油含量及挥发性组分桉油精,
α
-侧柏酮,龙脑,樟脑和石竹素呈先增加后降低趋势,
α
-石竹烯和
β
-丁香烯含量逐步降低;酚酸类成分新绿原酸,绿原酸,异绿原酸B,异绿原酸A和异绿原酸C含量先增加后降低,黄酮类成分棕矢车菊素和异泽兰黄素含量持续增加;矿质元素Ca,Cu和Zn持续增加,K含量在高有机肥配施比例时下降明显。对不同有机肥配施比例下的艾叶出绒率,挥发油及7个挥发性成分含量,9个黄酮和酚酸类成分含量共18个艾叶品质指标进行主成分分析,发现OM
17
处理的艾叶品质最高,OM
100
和OM
0
处理的艾叶品质均较低。
结论
2
综合不同比例有机肥和化肥配施处理下蕲艾的农艺性状、产量及品质指标,建议在蕲艾生产上采用17%~33%比例的有机肥与化肥配施,以促进蕲艾产业的提质增效。
Objective
2
To explore the effect of different proportions of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on the agronomic traits, yield and quality of Artemisiae Argyi Folium in Qichun county, and provide a theoretical basis for scientific fertilization of its planting.
Method
2
Field plot experiment was carried out to set up 5 treatment methods with different proportions of organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers[OM
0
(no combined application of biological organic fertilizer), OM
17
(combined application of 17% biological organic fertilizer), OM
33
(combined application of 33% biological organic fertilizer), OM
67
(combined application of 67% biological organic fertilizer), OM
100
(combined application of 100% biological organic fertilizer)]. The effects of different treatment methods on the agronomic characters, leaf yield, output rate of moxa, volatile oil content, flavonoid and phenolic acid contents and mineral element contents of Artemisiae Argyi Folium in Qichun county were determined.
Result
2
With the increase of the proportion of organic fertilizer in application, the seedling number per unit area, plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf width, leaf length, height of dead leaves and leaf yield of Artemisiae Argyi Folium were increased at first and then decreased. Among them, the yield of Artemisiae Argyi Folium in OM
33
treatment was 61.37% higher than that in OM
0
treatment. With the increase of the proportion of organic fertilizer, the output rate of moxa of Artemisiae Argyi Folium showed continuously increasing trend, contents of volatile oil and volatile components (eucalyptol,
α
-thujone, borneol, camphor and caryophyllene oxide) increased at first and then decreased, while the contents of
α
-caryophyllene and
β
-syringene decreased gradually, the contents of phenolic acids (neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid B, A and C) increased at first and then decreased, while the contents of flavonoids (jaceosidin and eupatilin) increased continuously, and the contents of mineral elements (Ca, Cu and Zn) continued to increase, but the content of K decreased significantly at the high proportion of organic fertilizer. After treated with principal component analysis (PCA), it was found that OM
17
treatment had the highest quality, while OM
100
and OM
0
treatment had low quality.
Conclusion
2
Based on comprehensive analysis of agronomic traits, yield and quality indexes of Artemisiae Argyi Folium in Qichun county, it is suggested that 17%-33% proportion of organic fertilizer should be used in its production, in order to improve the quality and efficiency of Artemisiae Argyi Folium industry in Qichun county.
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