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佳木斯大学 药学院,黑龙江 佳木斯 154007
赵宏,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,从事中药活性成分的结构和活性研究,Tel:0454-8610838,E-mail:zhaohong1981@jmsu.edu.cn
张宇,硕士,教授,从事天然药物活性成分筛选及新药开发研究,E-mail:zhangyuhy2003@163.com
收稿日期:2021-06-15,
网络出版日期:2021-09-24,
纸质出版日期:2021-11-20
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赵宏,陈晨,赵岩等.车前子多糖对膜性肾病大鼠肾损伤和肠道菌群的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(22):92-99.
ZHAO Hong,CHEN Chen,ZHAO Yan,et al.Effect of Polysaccharides from Plantaginis Semen on Renal Injury and Gut Microbiota in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(22):92-99.
赵宏,陈晨,赵岩等.车前子多糖对膜性肾病大鼠肾损伤和肠道菌群的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2021,27(22):92-99. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20212101.
ZHAO Hong,CHEN Chen,ZHAO Yan,et al.Effect of Polysaccharides from Plantaginis Semen on Renal Injury and Gut Microbiota in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2021,27(22):92-99. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20212101.
目的
2
研究车前子多糖(PSP)对膜性肾病(MN)大鼠肾损伤的保护作用及对肠道菌群的影响,为PSP治疗MN的深入研究提供理论基础。
方法
2
采用尾静脉注射阳离子化牛血清白蛋白(C-BSA,3.5 g·L
-1
)诱导MN大鼠模型,造模周期为7周。于造模第4周,将造模成功大鼠按照随机数字法分为模型组,阳性药物组(盐酸贝那普利,10 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
),PSP高剂量组(PSP-H,800 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
),PSP中剂量组(PSP-M,400 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
),PSP低剂量组(PSP-L,200 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
),每组10只;另取10只未造模的大鼠为正常组。正常组和模型组大鼠灌服等体积生理盐水,各给药组大鼠灌服相应药物,每日1次,连续4周。实验结束后,采用光镜法分别观察大鼠肾脏及结肠组织病理变化,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测大鼠血清及结肠组织中肿瘤坏死因子-
α
(TNF-
α
),白细胞介素-1
β
(IL-1
β
)含量,免疫组织化学法检测大鼠肾组织中TNF-
α
,IL-1
β
蛋白表达情况,运用16S rRNA测序法研究PSP对MN大鼠肠道菌群调节作用。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肾小球增大、基底膜增厚,结肠组织腺体萎缩,血清及结肠组织中TNF-
α
,IL-1
β
含量明显上升(
P
<
0.05),TNF-
α
,IL-1
β
蛋白表达显著增加(
P
<
0.01);与模型组比较,盐酸贝那普利组和PSP-H组大鼠肾小球囊腔减小、基膜增厚程度减轻、结肠组织中黏膜排列较整齐,但PSP-M,PSP-L组对肾组织及结肠组织改善效果不佳;PSP-H,PSP-M组大鼠血清及结肠组织中TNF-
α
,IL-1
β
含量明显下降(
P
<
0.05),肾组织中TNF-
α
,IL-1
β
蛋白表达显著降低(
P
<
0.01),PSP-L组差异无统计学意义;模型组大鼠肠道菌群中有害菌厚壁菌门丰度升高、有益菌拟杆菌门丰度降低;给予PSP后有害菌厚壁菌门丰度降低、有益菌拟杆菌门丰度升高,以PSP-H变化最为显著。
结论
2
PSP可有效缓解MN大鼠的肾损伤、降低炎症因子表达,并可调节MN大鼠肠道菌群结构、改善受损的肠道屏障。
Objective
2
To study the protective effect of polysaccharides from Plantaginis Semen (PSP) against renal injury in rats with membranous nephropathy (MN) and its influence on the gut microbiota to provide a theoretical basis for the further investigation of PSP in the treatment of MN.
Method
2
The MN model was induced by tail vein injection of cationic bovine serum albumin (C-BSA, 3.5 g·L
-1
) in rats with a modeling period of seven weeks. At the 4th week of modeling, the model rats were divided into a model group, a positive drug group (benazepril hydrochloride, 10 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
), a PSP high-dose group (PSP-H, 800 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
), a PSP medium-dose group (PSP-M, 400 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
), and a PSP low-dose group (PSP-L, 200 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
) according to the random number table, with 10 in each group. Ten healthy rats were assigned to the normal control group. The rats in the normal control group and the control group received an equal amount of physiological saline by gavage, and those in the groups with drug intervention were administered correspondingly,once a day,for consecutive four weeks. The pathological changes of rat kidney and colon tissues were observed by optical microscopy. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the content of tumor necrosis factor-
α
(TNF-
α
) and interleukin-1
β
(IL-1
β
) in the serum and colon tissues. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the protein expression of TNF-
α
and IL-1
β
in renal tissues. The 16S rRNA sequencing method was used to investigate the effect of PSP on the gut microbiota in MN rats.
Result
2
Compared with the normal control group, the model group showed enlarged glomeruli, thickened basement membrane, atrophied colonic gland, increased TNF-
α
and IL-1
β
in the serum and colon tissues (
P
<
0.05), and elevated protein expression of TNF-
α
and IL-1
β
(
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, the positive drug group and the PSP-H group displayed shrunk glomerular capsules, relieved basement membrane thickening, and neatly arranged colonic mucosa in colon tissues, while the PSP-M and PSP-L groups were inferior in improving renal tissues and colon tissues. Additionally, the PSP-H and PSP-M groups showed declining TNF-
α
and IL-1
β
in the serum and colon tissues (
P
<
0.05) and dwindled protein expression of TNF-
α
and IL-1
β
in the renal tissues (
P
<
0.01). No significant difference was observed in the PSP-L group. Compared with the normal control group, the model group showed increased abundance of Firmicutes and decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes. After PSP intervention, the abundance of Firmicutes was decreased, while that of Bacteroidetes was increased, and such changes were predominant in the PSP-H group.
Conclusion
2
PSP can effectively alleviate renal injury, reduce the expression of inflammatory factors, regulate the structure of gut microbiota, and improve the damaged intestinal barrier of MN rats.
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