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湖南中医药大学,长沙 410208
李钰佳,博士,从事中医药防治糖尿病及其脑血管并发症的研究,E-mail:393824181@qq.com
邓奕辉,教授,博士生导师,从事中医药防治糖尿病及其脑血管并发症的研究,E-mail:644138330@qq.com
收稿日期:2022-03-04,
网络出版日期:2022-06-13,
纸质出版日期:2022-08-20
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李钰佳,李定祥,彭珣等.基于AMPK/mTOR/ULK1自噬相关通路探讨左归降糖通脉方对AGEs合并缺糖缺氧星形胶质细胞炎性损伤的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(16):90-99.
LI Yujia,LI Dingxiang,PENG Xun,et al.Effect of Zuogui Jiangtang Tongmai Prescription on Astrocyte Injury by AGEs Combined with Oxygen-glucose Deprivation Based on AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 Pathway Related to Autophagy[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(16):90-99.
李钰佳,李定祥,彭珣等.基于AMPK/mTOR/ULK1自噬相关通路探讨左归降糖通脉方对AGEs合并缺糖缺氧星形胶质细胞炎性损伤的影响[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2022,28(16):90-99. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20221541.
LI Yujia,LI Dingxiang,PENG Xun,et al.Effect of Zuogui Jiangtang Tongmai Prescription on Astrocyte Injury by AGEs Combined with Oxygen-glucose Deprivation Based on AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 Pathway Related to Autophagy[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2022,28(16):90-99. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20221541.
目的
2
探讨左归降糖通脉方对糖基化终末产物(AGEs)合并缺糖缺氧(OGD)损伤后星形胶质细胞(AS)的影响及干预机制。
方法
2
使用细胞增殖与活性检测试剂盒(CCK-8)确定AGEs作用浓度及OGD时间,选择左归降糖通脉方(ZGJTTMP)含药血浆的作用浓度;将星形胶质细胞随机分为空白组、模型(AGEs+OGD)组、ZGJTTMP组、腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)抑制剂(Compound C)组、AMPK激动剂(AICAR)组、ZGJTTMP+AICAR组,倒置显微镜下观察各组细胞形态结构,CCK-8法检测各组细胞存活率,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测各组细胞中白细胞介素-1
β
(IL-1
β
)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-
α
(TNF-
α
)的含量;电镜下观察各组细胞内自噬小体的数目,免疫荧光染色法观察各组细胞中微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)的表达情况,蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测各组细胞LC3、p62、磷酸化(p)-AMPK、AMPK、磷酸化(p)-哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)、mTOR、磷酸化(p)-UNC-51样激酶1(ULK1)、ULK1蛋白的表达情况。
结果
2
选择AGEs 200 mg·L
-1
合并OGD 6 h作为最适造模条件,5%作为ZGJTTMP含药血浆的最佳作用体积分数。倒置显微镜下见造模后细胞受损严重,ZGJTTMP组与Compound C组细胞损伤得到明显改善;ELISA结果示模型组IL-1
β
、IL-6、TNF-
α
的含量显著增加(
P
<
0.01),ZGJTTMP组与Compound C组炎症因子含量显著下降(
P
<
0.01);电镜下可见模型组细胞内自噬小体数目明显增多,免疫荧光结果示LC3荧光表达面积显著增加(
P
<
0.01),ZGJTTMP组与Compound C组细胞内自噬小体数目明显减少,LC3表达面积显著减少(
P
<
0.01);Western blot结果显示,与空白组比较,模型组细胞LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ、p-AMPK/AMPK蛋白表达显著升高(
P
<
0.01),p62、p-mTOR/mTOR、p-ULK1/ULK1显著下降(
P
<
0.01),与模型组比较,ZGJTTMP组与Compound C组细胞内LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ、p-AMPK/AMPK蛋白表达显著下降(
P
<
0.01),p62、p-mTOR/mTOR、p-ULK1/ULK1显著升高(
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
ZGJTTMP对AGEs合并OGD炎性损伤的星形胶质细胞具有保护作用,这一作用是通过抑制了AMPK/mTOR/ULK1自噬相关通路的激活,从而抑制了自噬的过度表达实现的。
Objective
2
To explore the effect and mechanism of Zuogui Jiangtang Tongmai prescription (ZGJTTMP) on astrocytes (ASs) injured by advanced glycation end products(AGEs) combined with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD).
Method
2
Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to determine the optimal concentration of AGEs and the action time of OGD, and the optimal blood concentration of ZGJTTMP was selected for follow-up experiments. ASs were divided into normal group, model group (AGEs + OGD), ZGJTTMP group, an adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor (Compound C) group, AMPK activator (AICAR) group, and combination group (ZGJTTMP + AICAR). The morphological changes in ASs in each group were observed under an inverted microscope. The cell survival rate in each group was detected by CCK-8. The content of interleukin-1
β
(IL-1
β
), interleukin-6(IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-
α
(TNF-
α
) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The number of autophagosomes in each group was counted under an electron microscope. The expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) was observed by immunofluorescence. The protein expression of LC3, p62, p-AMPK, AMPK, p-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), mTOR, p-UNC-51 like kinase 1 (ULK1), and ULK1 was detected by Western blot.
Result
2
According to the results of cell survival rate, 200 mg·L
-1
AGEs and OGD for 6 h were selected as the optimal modeling conditions for the model group, and 5% was selected as the optimal blood concentration of ZGJTTMP. Under the inverted microscope, the cells were severely damaged after modeling, but the cell injury in the ZGJTTMP group and the Compound C group was significantly improved. As revealed by ELISA results, the content of IL-1
β
, IL-6, and TNF-
α
in the model group increased (
P
<
0.01), and the content of inflammatory factors in the ZGJTTMP group and the Compound C group decreased (
P
<
0.01). Under the electron microscope, the number of autophagosomes in the model group increased significantly. The immunofluorescence results showed that the expression area of LC3 increased in the model group (
P
<
0.01), and the ZGJTTMP group and the Compound C group showed decreased number of autophagosomes and reduced expression area of LC3 (
P
<
0.01). As demonstrated by the results of Western blot, compared with the normal group, the model group showed increased expression of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ and p-AMPK/AMPK (
P
<
0.01) and decreased p62, p-mTOR/mTOR, and p-ULK1/ULK1 (
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, the ZGJTTMP group and the Compound C group showed decreased expression of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ and p-AMPK/AMPK (
P
<
0.01) and increased p62, p-mTOR/mTOR, and p-ULK1/ULK1 (
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
ZGJTTMP possesses a protective effect on ASs with inflammatory injury by AGEs combined with OGD, which may be achieved by inhibiting the activation of the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway related to autophagy, thus inhibiting the overexpression of autophagy.
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