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1.北京中医药大学 东方医院,北京 100078
2.北京中医药大学 中医学院,北京 100029
孙梦捷,在读硕士,从事神经退行性疾病的发病机制及中药干预研究,Tel:010-67689634,E-mail:sunmengjie1114@163.com
马涛,博士,副研究员,从事神经退行性疾病发病机制及中药干预研究,Tel:010-67689634,E-mail:matao327@126.com
收稿日期:2022-12-09,
网络出版日期:2023-02-16,
纸质出版日期:2023-04-20
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孙梦捷,余虹霓,韩广卉等.地黄饮子改善AD小鼠脑星形胶质细胞能量代谢障碍及自噬损伤的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(08):19-26.
SUN Mengjie,YU Hongni,HAN Guanghui,et al.Mechanism of Dihuang Yinzi in Improving Energy Metabolism Disorder and Autophagy Injury of Astrocytes in Brain of AD Mice[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(08):19-26.
孙梦捷,余虹霓,韩广卉等.地黄饮子改善AD小鼠脑星形胶质细胞能量代谢障碍及自噬损伤的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2023,29(08):19-26. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20230607.
SUN Mengjie,YU Hongni,HAN Guanghui,et al.Mechanism of Dihuang Yinzi in Improving Energy Metabolism Disorder and Autophagy Injury of Astrocytes in Brain of AD Mice[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2023,29(08):19-26. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20230607.
目的
2
研究地黄饮子改善阿尔茨海默病(AD)模型小鼠脑组织星形胶质细胞损伤,调节能量代谢和自噬障碍的作用机制。
方法
2
4月龄雄性APP/PS1转基因小鼠40只,随机分为模型组、模型+地黄饮子组(2.5 g·kg
-1
),每组20只;同背景、同月龄C57BL/6J小鼠40只,随机分为正常组、正常+地黄饮子组(2.5 g·kg
-1
),每组20只。正常组和模型组均给予等量无菌生理盐水,每天灌胃1次,连续给药150 d。通过新物体识别实验和小鼠跳台实验评价小鼠学习记忆能力。免疫荧光法和蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测星形胶质细胞中胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的表达。高效液相色谱法检测小鼠脑组织中三磷酸腺苷(ATP)、二磷酸腺苷(ADP)、单磷酸腺苷(AMP),并计算能荷(EC)水平。Western blot检测小鼠脑组织肝激酶B1(LKB1)、腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)、自噬激活激酶1(ULK1)、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶点(mTOR)的磷酸化水平及自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1、微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ、p62的表达水平。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组小鼠新物体识别实验辨别指数显著下降(
P
<
0.01),跳台实验停留潜伏期显著缩短,错误次数显著增加,星形胶质细胞GFAP蛋白表达显著上调,脑组织ATP、ADP含量及EC值显著降低,AMP含量显著上升,AMPK、LKB1、mTOR磷酸化水平和p62蛋白表达显著升高,ULK1磷酸化水平和Beclin-1、LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ蛋白表达显著下降(
P
<
0.01);正常+地黄饮子组小鼠中上述实验指标则差异无统计学意义。与模型组比较,模型+地黄饮子组小鼠新物体识别实验辨别指数明显增加(
P
<
0.05),跳台实验停留潜伏期显著延长(
P
<
0.01),错误次数显著减少(
P
<
0.01),星形胶质细胞GFAP蛋白表达量明显下降
(P
<
0.05),脑组织ATP、ADP含量及EC值明显升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),AMP含量明显下降(
P
<
0.05),AMPK、LKB1和mTOR磷酸化水平和p62蛋白表达显著降低,ULK1磷酸化水平和Beclin-1、LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ蛋白表达显著升高(
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
地黄饮子通过保护星形胶质细胞,改善AD小鼠脑内能量代谢和自噬障碍,提高模型小鼠学习记忆能力。
Objective
2
To explore the mechanism of Dihuang Yinzi (DHYZ)in improving astrocyte injury in the brain and regulating energy metabolism and autophagy disorder in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice.
Method
2
Forty male APP/PS1 transgenic mice aged four months were randomly divided into a model group and a model + DHYZ group (2.5 g·kg
-1
), with 20 mice in each group. Forty C57BL/6J mice with the same background and same age were randomly divided into a control group and a control + DHYZ group (2.5 g·kg
-1
), with 20 mice in each group. The mice in the control group and the model group were administered with an equal volume of sterilized normal saline by gavage, once a day for 150 days. Novel object recognition test and step-down test were performed to evaluate the learning and memory ability of mice. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes was detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in brain tissues of mice, and the data obtained were used to calculate energy charge (EC) levels. The phosphorylation levels of liver kinase B1 (LKB1), adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), UNC-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins Beclin-1, microtuble-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, and p62 in mouse brain were measured by Western blot.
Result
2
Compared with the control group, the model group showed decreased novel object recognition index, shortened retention latency, increased error times in the step-down test, up-regulated protein expression of GFAP, decreased content of ATP, ADP, and EC in brain tissues, elevated AMP , increased levels of p-AMPK, p-LKB1, and p-mTOR, and protein expression of p62 , and down-regulated p-ULK1 level and protein expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ(
P
<
0.01), while the above experimental indexes were not significantly different in the control + DHYZ group. Compared with the model group, the model + DHYZ group showed increased novel object recognition index(
P
<
0.05), prolonged retention latency(
P
<
0.01), decreased error times(
P
<
0.01) in the step-down test, reduced protein expression of GFAP
(P
<
0.05), increased content of ATP, ADP, and EC in brain tissues (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), decreased AMP content(
P
<
0.05), reduced p-AMPK, p-LKB1, and p-mTOR levels and protein expression of p62, and up-regulated p-ULK1 level and protein expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ(
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
By protecting astrocytes, DHYZ can improve energy metabolism and autophagy disorder in AD mice to improve the learning and memory ability of model mice.
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