重庆医科大学 附属第一医院,重庆 400016
田珈瑜,博士,从事内分泌紊乱与免疫损伤疾病的临床及基础研究,E-mail:592807496@qq.com
荣晓凤,硕士,教授,从事风湿免疫疾病的临床与基础研究,E-mail:cyrxf@163.com
收稿:2024-11-05,
录用:2025-02-10,
网络出版:2025-02-08,
纸质出版:2025-04-20
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田珈瑜,秦文熠,杨涓等.归肾丸加味调控AMPK/Akt/Nrf2通路改善多囊卵巢综合征大鼠糖脂代谢及氧化应激的机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(08):1-8.
TIAN Jiayu,QIN Wenyi,YANG Juan,et al.Mechanism of Modified Guishenwan in Regulating AMPK/Akt/Nrf2 Pathway to Improve Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rats[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(08):1-8.
田珈瑜,秦文熠,杨涓等.归肾丸加味调控AMPK/Akt/Nrf2通路改善多囊卵巢综合征大鼠糖脂代谢及氧化应激的机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(08):1-8. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20250141.
TIAN Jiayu,QIN Wenyi,YANG Juan,et al.Mechanism of Modified Guishenwan in Regulating AMPK/Akt/Nrf2 Pathway to Improve Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rats[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(08):1-8. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20250141.
目的
2
基于腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶/蛋白激酶B/核因子E
2
相关因子2(AMPK/Akt/Nrf2)通路,探寻归肾丸加味改善多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)大鼠糖脂代谢及氧化应激的作用机制。
方法
2
采用连续灌胃来曲唑(1 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
)21 d建立PCOS大鼠模型。造模成功大鼠随机分成模型组,二甲双胍组(0.25 g·kg
-1
),归肾丸加味低、中、高剂量组(4.01、8.02、16.04 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
),每组8只,另设正常组10只。药物组予以相应剂量药物,正常组及模型组予以等体积生理盐水,连续干预4周。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测睾酮(T)、雌二醇(E
2
)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)含量,计算LH/FSH;全自动生化检测仪测定空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰岛素敏感性指数(HOMA-ISI);进行口服葡萄糖耐量实验(OGTT)及胰岛素耐量实验(ITT);化学荧光法检测血清及卵巢组织中丙二醛(MDA)、晚期糖基化终产物(AGEs)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察卵巢组织病理损伤;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)、蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测卵巢组织AMPK/Akt/Nrf2通路相关mRNA及蛋白的表达。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组T、LH、LH/FSH、FPG、FINS、TG、TC、HOMA-IR均明显升高,FSH、E
2
、HOMA-ISI明显降低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);其血清及卵巢组织中MDA、AGEs均明显升高,SOD明显降低(
P
<
0.05),卵巢组织中AMPK、Akt、Nrf2在mRNA及蛋白表达均明显降低(
P
<
0.05);OGTT、ITT结果显示,大鼠血糖在各时间节点均明显升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),糖耐量和胰岛素耐量明显受损;卵巢卵泡呈多囊样改变,黄体减少,卵泡颗粒细胞层排列稀疏;与模型组比较,二甲双胍组、归肾丸加味高剂量组T、LH、LH/FSH、FPG、FINS、TG、TC、HOMA-IR均明显降低,FSH、E
2
、HOMA-ISI明显升高(
P
<
0.05
,P
<
0.01);归肾丸加味高剂量组在血清及卵巢组织中MDA、AGEs的表达明显降低,SOD明显升
高(
P
<
0.05),卵巢组织中AMPK、Akt、Nrf2在mRNA及蛋白水平上的表达均明显升高(
P
<
0.05);OGTT、ITT结果显示,大鼠血糖在各时间节点均明显降低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);卵巢组织未见明显异常;与归肾丸加味低剂量组比较,归肾丸加味高剂量组T、LH、LH/FSH、FPG、FINS、TG、TC、HOMA-IR均明显降低,FSH、E
2
、HOMA-ISI明显升高(
P
<
0.05);OGTT、ITT结果显示,归肾丸加味高剂量组大鼠改善大鼠糖耐量和胰岛素耐量;卵巢组织未见明显异常。
结论
2
归肾丸加味能够有效改善PCOS大鼠糖脂代谢异常、抑制氧化应激损伤,其机制可能与调控AMPK/Akt/Nrf2通路有关。
Objective
2
Based on the adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase/protein kinase B/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (AMPK/Akt/Nrf2) pathway, this study aims to explore the mechanism by which modified Guishenwan improves glucose and lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats.
Methods
2
A PCOS rat model was established by continuous oral administration of letrozole (1 mg·kg
-1
·d
-1
) for 21 days. Successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into a model group, a metformin group (0.25 g·kg
-1
), and low-, medium-, and high-dose modified Guishenwan groups (4.01, 8.02, and 16.04 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
), with 8 rats in each group. Ten normal rats were assigned to the normal group. The drug groups were given their respective doses, while the normal and model groups were given an equal volume of normal saline. Intervention lasted for 4 weeks. Testosterone (T), estradiol (E
2
), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the LH/FSH ratio was calculated. Fasting blood glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) levels were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer, and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index (HOMA-ISI) were calculated. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insuli
n tolerance test (ITT) were conducted. Malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in serum and ovarian tissue were measured using a chemical fluorescence method. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to assess ovarian tissue pathology. Real-time quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) and Western blot were used to measure the expression of AMPK/Akt/Nrf2 pathway-related genes and proteins in ovarian tissue.
Results
2
Compared with the normal group, the model group exhibited significantly increased levels of T, LH, LH/FSH, FPG, FINS, TG, TC, and HOMA-IR, while FSH, E
2
, and HOMA-ISI were significantly decreased (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). MDA and AGEs levels were significantly higher in both serum and ovarian tissue, and SOD levels were significantly reduced (
P
<
0.05). AMPK, Akt, and Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in ovarian tissue was also significantly reduced (
P
<
0.05). The OGTT and ITT results showed significantly higher blood glucose levels at each time point (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), with impaired glucose and insulin tolerance. Ovarian follicles showed polycystic changes, reduced corpus luteum, and sparse granulosa cell layers. Compared with the model group, the metformin group and the high-dose modified Guishenwan group showed significant decreases in T, LH, LH/FSH, FPG, FINS, TG, TC, and HOMA-IR, while FSH, E
2
, and HOMA-ISI were significantly increased (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). In the high-dose modified Guishenwan group, MDA and AGEs levels in serum and ovarian tissue were significantly reduced, and SOD levels were significantly increased (
P
<
0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of AMPK, Akt, and Nrf2 in ovarian tissue was significantly increased (
P
<
0.05). OGTT and ITT results showed that blood gluco
se levels in rats decreased significantly at each time point (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). No obvious abnormalities were observed in ovarian tissue. Compared with the low-dose modified Guishenwan group, the high-dose group showed significant decreases in T, LH, LH/FSH, FPG, FINS, TG, TC, and HOMA-IR, while FSH, E
2
, and HOMA-ISI were significantly increased (
P
<
0.05). OGTT and ITT results indicated that the high-dose modified Guishenwan group significantly improved glucose and insulin tolerance in rats. No significant abnormalities were observed in ovarian tissue.
Conclusion
2
Modified Guishenwan effectively improves glucose and lipid metabolism abnormalities and inhibits oxidative stress in PCOS rats, potentially through regulation of the AMPK/Akt/Nrf2 pathway.
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