Objective: To analyze the effectiveness and prognostic factors of antithymus globulin (ATG)/antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) together with herbs of nourishing the kidney in treatment of severe aplastic anemia (SAA). Method: Clinical data of 71 cases with severe aplastic anemia who received ATG/ALD treatment from 1992 to 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. Result: In the 71 patients

30 were nearly cured (42.3%)

11 were relieved (15.5%)

18 were improved (25.4%) and 12 were invalid (16.9%)

The overall effective rate was 83.1%. Among all the factors

we found that neutrophil counts (ANC) more than 0.2×109/L(P=0.0001)and the reticulocyte more than 10×109/L (P=0.001)indicated a higher remission rate

while sex (P=0.320)

age (P=0.563)

course of disease (P=0.334)

platelet count (P=0.621)

the percentage of lymphocyte in bone marrow slides less than 60% (P=0.632) had no relation with treatment results. And another research on survival rate found that patients with age over 60 had shorter life span than their counterparts. However

ANC (P=0.288)

reticulocyte count (P=0.205)

platelet count (P=0.917)

the percentage of lymphocyte in bone marrow slides (P=0.914)

the course of disease before use ATG/ALG (P=0.093) were not related with survival. Conclusion: ATG/ALG together with Chinese herbs in treatment of severe aplastic anemia was valid and safe

which could also improve clinical curative effect and increase patients’ survival rate. ANC more than 0.2×109/L and the reticulocyte more than 10×109/L would be prognostic factors for efficiency in SAA.