1.湖南中医药大学,长沙 410208
2.湖南中医药大学 中医诊断学湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410208
3.湖南中医药高等专科学校,湖南 株洲 412000
刘祎,在读博士,从事心血管疾病的中医药防治研究,E-mail:1031375921@qq.com
张秋雁,博士,教授,博士生导师,从事心血管疾病的中医药防治研究,E-mail:1746821852@qq.com
收稿:2024-09-26,
录用:2024-12-03,
网络出版:2024-12-06,
纸质出版:2025-03-20
移动端阅览
刘祎,杨漾,苏畅等.基于ACSL4信号通路探讨血府逐瘀汤干预冠心病血瘀证大鼠铁死亡的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(06):27-38.
LIU Yi,YANG Yang,SU Chang,et al.Mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyutang in Intervening in Ferroptosis in Rats with Coronary Heart Disease with Blood Stasis Syndrome Based on ACSL4 Signalling Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(06):27-38.
刘祎,杨漾,苏畅等.基于ACSL4信号通路探讨血府逐瘀汤干预冠心病血瘀证大鼠铁死亡的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(06):27-38. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20241906.
LIU Yi,YANG Yang,SU Chang,et al.Mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyutang in Intervening in Ferroptosis in Rats with Coronary Heart Disease with Blood Stasis Syndrome Based on ACSL4 Signalling Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(06):27-38. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20241906.
目的
2
旨在探讨长链酯酰辅酶A合成酶4(ACSL4)信号通路介导的铁死亡在冠心病血瘀证模型大鼠中的作用机制及血府逐瘀汤的干预作用。
方法
2
SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组,假手术组,模型组,曲美他嗪组(5.4 mg·kg
-1
),血府逐瘀汤低、中、高剂量组(3.51、7.02、14.04 g·kg
-1
)7组。采用冠状动脉左前降支结扎术制备冠心病血瘀证模型,连续治疗7 d,假手术组只穿线不结扎。观察大鼠的一般宏观症状,检测心电图、心脏彩超、血液流变学等指标;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色和透射电镜观察心肌组织的病理形态学和线粒体的变化;普鲁士蓝染色观察
心肌组织的铁沉积水平;酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测血清中12-羟廿碳四烯酸(12-HETE)和15-羟廿碳四烯酸(15-HETE)含量;生化比色法检测心肌组织中Fe
2+
、脂质过氧化物(LPO)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和T-GSH/氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量;DCFH-DA荧光定量法检测活性氧(ROS)水平;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)和实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测心肌组织谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPX4)、铁蛋白重链1(FTH1)、ACSL4和溶血磷脂酰胆碱酰基转移酶3(LPCAT3)蛋白和mRNA表达。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组大鼠一般宏观症状较差,心电图显示QRS波波幅增宽且电压增高,ST段弓背抬高、T波高耸,J点上抬,心率加快;心脏彩超显示左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左室短轴缩短率(LVFS)显著降低(
P
<
0.01);血液流变学显示全血黏度(低、中、高切变率)显著升高(
P
<
0.01);苏木素-伊红(HE)染色显示心肌组织结构异常出现大面积坏死及炎性细胞浸润,且心肌纤维间有大量结缔组织增生;透射电镜结果显示线粒体萎缩或肿胀,嵴减少甚至断裂消失,基质呈絮状甚至空泡状;普鲁士蓝染色可见大量含铁颗粒,铁沉积明显;血清中12-HETE、15-HETE的含量显著增加(
P
<
0.01);心肌组织的Fe
2+
、LPO和ROS水平显著增加(
P
<
0.01),GSH的含量显著降低(
P
<
0.01)、T-GSH/GSSG显著降低(
P
<
0.01);心肌组织中GPX4、FTH1的蛋白表达水平和mRNA均明显下降(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),ACSL4和LPCAT3显著上升(
P
<
0.01)。与模型组比较,血府逐瘀汤低、中、高剂量组大鼠的一般宏观症状和心电图结果有所改善,LVEF、LVFS比值差异均明显增加(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);血府逐瘀汤中、高剂量组的全血黏度(低、中、高切变率)差异均显著降低(
P
<
0.01);HE染色和透射电镜结果显示心肌细胞形态结构和线粒体表现均改善。低、中、高剂量血清中12-HETE、15-HETE的含量均有不同程度降低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);血府逐瘀汤中、高剂量组的Fe
2+
、LPO和ROS含量明显降低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),GSH和T-GSH/GSSG明显增加(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);血府逐瘀汤中、高剂量组的GPX4、FTH1的蛋白表达和mRNA水平均不同程度升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);血府逐瘀汤低、中和高剂量组ACSL4和LPCAT3明显降低(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
血府逐瘀汤可通过ACSL4信号通路调节铁代谢,抗脂质氧化反应介导铁死亡,从而对冠心病血瘀证模型大鼠起到保护作用。
Objective
2
To investigate the mechanism of ferroptosis mediated by long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) signalling pathway in rats with coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome and the intervention effect of Xuefu Zhuyutang.
Methods
2
SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, sham-operation group, model group, trimetazidine group (5.4 mg·kg
-1
), low-, medium-, and high-dose group (3.51, 7.02,14.04 g·kg
-1
) of Xuefu Zhuyutang. The coronary artery left anterior descending ligation method was used to prepare a model of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome, and continuous treatment for 7 d was conducted, while the sham-operation group was only threaded and not ligated. The general macroscopic symptoms of the rats were observed, and indicators such as electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and blood rheology were detected. The pathological morphology of myocardial tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the changes in mitochondria in myocardial tissue were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The level of iron deposition in myocardial tissue was observed by Prussian blue staining. The levels of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and 15-HETE were detected in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A biochemical colourimetric assay was used to detect the levels of Fe
2+
, lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), and T-GSH/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) in myocardial tissue. DCFH-DA fluorescence quantitative assay was employed to detect the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Western blot and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was adopted to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1), ACSL4, and ly-sophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase3 (LPCAT3) in myocardial tissue.
Results
2
Compared with those in the normal group, the rats in the model group were poor in general macroscopic symptoms. The electrocardiogram showed widened QRS wave amplitude and increased voltage, bow-back elevation of the ST segments, elevated T waves, J-point elevation, and accelerated heart rate. Echocardiography showed a si
gnificant reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS) (
P
<
0.01). Blood rheology showed that the viscosity of the whole blood (low, medium, and high rate of shear) was significantly increased (
P
<
0.01). HE staining showed an abnormal structure of myocardial tissue. There was a large area of myocardial necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration and a large number of connective tissue between myocardial fibers. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the mitochondria were severely atrophy or swelling. The cristae were reduced or even broken, and the matrix was flocculent or even vacuolated. Prussian blue staining showed that there were a large number of iron-containing particles, and the iron deposition was obvious. The content of 12-HETE and 15-HETE in the serum was significantly increased (
P
<
0.01). The content of Fe
2+
, LPO, and ROS in myocardial tissue was significantly increased (
P
<
0.01). The content of GSH was significantly decreased (
P
<
0.01), and T-GSH/GSSG was decreased (
P
<
0.01). The protein and mRNA expressions of GPX4 and FTH1 in myocardial tissue were both significantly decreased (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), while those of ACSL4 and LPCAT3 increased significantly (
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, the general macroscopic symptoms and electrocardiogram results of rats in low-, medium- and high-dose groups of Xuefu Zhuyutang were alleviated, and the differences in LVEF/LVFS ratios were all significantly increased (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). The differences in whole-blood viscosity (low, medium, and high rate of shear) were all significantly decreased (
P
<
0.01). The results of HE staining and transmission electron microscopy showed that the morphology, structure, and mitochondria of cardiomyocytes were improved. The c
ontent of 12-HETE and 15-HETE in serum was reduced to different degrees in low-, medium-, and high-dose groups of Xuefu Zhuyutang (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). The content of Fe
2+
, LPO, and ROS was significantly reduced in the medium- and high-dose groups of Xuefu Zhuyutang (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and the content of GSH and T-GSH/GSSG was significantly increased (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). The protein and mRNA expressions of GPX4 and FTH1 were significantly increased to varying degrees in the medium- and high-dose groups of Xuefu Zhuyutang (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and ACSL4 and LPCAT3 were decreased to different degrees in the low-, medium-, and high-dose groups of Xuefu Zhuyutang (
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
Xuefu Zhuyutang can regulate iron metabolism and anti-lipid oxidation reaction to mediate ferroptosis through the ACSL4 signalling pathway, thus exerting a protective effect on rats with coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome.
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