1.江西中医药大学 临床医学院,南昌 330004
2.江西中医药大学 附属医院,南昌 330006
卢姚宏,在读博士,从事中医肾病临床与实验研究,E-mail:1253821101@qq.com
晏子友,博士,主任中医师,博士生导师,从事中医肾病临床与实验研究,E-mail:13970025368@163.com
收稿:2025-05-21,
修回:2025-06-25,
录用:2025-06-27,
网络首发:2025-07-09,
纸质出版:2026-06-05
移动端阅览
卢姚宏,黄辰杰,袁文萋等.基于信号通路探讨糖尿病肾病的发病机制及中药干预研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(11):287-299.
LU Yaohong,HUANG Chenjie,YUAN Wenqi,et al.Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention Based on Signaling Pathways: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(11):287-299.
卢姚宏,黄辰杰,袁文萋等.基于信号通路探讨糖尿病肾病的发病机制及中药干预研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(11):287-299. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20251437.
LU Yaohong,HUANG Chenjie,YUAN Wenqi,et al.Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention Based on Signaling Pathways: A Review[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(11):287-299. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20251437.
糖尿病肾病(DN)是糖尿病最常见且最严重的微血管并发症之一,其发病机制复杂,涉及
免疫炎症反应、氧化应激、细胞凋亡、肾小球硬化和肾间质纤维化等多种病理过程。近年来,大量动物或细胞模型实验研究发现,转化生长因子-
β
(TGF-
β
)/果蝇抗蜕皮蛋白同源物(Smad)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)、AMP活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)、核转录因子-
κ
B(NF-
κ
B)、Janus激酶(JAK)/信号转导与转录激活因子(STAT)、神经源性位点缺口同源蛋白(Notch)、核因子E
2
相关因子2(Nrf2)、分泌型糖蛋白(Wnt)/
β
-连环蛋白(
β
-catenin)等经典信号通路在DN的发生发展中发挥重要作用。中药作为天然药物,具有多组分、多靶点、低不良反应等特点,在调控上述信号通路、改善肾脏病理改变方面展现出独特优势。该文综述了近年来中药单体及复方通过调节上述信号通路干预DN的研究进展,重点探讨其在调节免疫炎症反应、抑制肾纤维化、氧化应激及改善代谢紊乱等方面的作用机制,旨在为深入认识中药治疗DN的现代药理基础及临床应用提供理论参考。
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and severe microvascular complications of diabetes, with a complex pathogenesis involving immune inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, apoptosis, glomerulosclerosis, renal interstitial fibrosis, and other pathological processes. In recent years, numerous animal or cell model experiments have revealed that the transforming growth factor-
β
(TGF-
β
)/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), nuclear factor-
κ
B (NF-
κ
B), Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), neurogenic locus notch homolog protein (Notch), nuclear factor E
2
-related factor 2 (Nrf2), secretory glycoprotein (Wnt)/
β
-catenin, and other classical signaling pathways play important roles in the occurrence and development of DN. Traditional Chinese medicines, as natural drugs, possess characteristics such as multiple components, multiple targets, and few adverse reactions, demonstrating unique advantages in regulating the aforementioned signaling pathways and improving renal pathological changes. This review summarized recent research progress on the intervention
of DN through the regulation of the aforementioned signaling pathways by single compounds and formulas of traditional Chinese medicine, focusing on their mechanisms of action in regulating immune inflammatory responses, inhibiting renal fibrosis, oxidative stress, improving metabolic disorders, and other aspects. The aim is to provide theoretical references for a deeper understanding of the modern pharmacological basis and clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of DN.
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