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1.湖南中医药高等专科学校,湖南 株洲 412012
2.湖南中医药大学,长沙 410208
3.湖南医药学院,湖南 怀化 418000
Received:10 May 2024,
Accepted:08 August 2024,
Published Online:12 August 2024,
Published:20 March 2025
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周曼丽,祝家乐,王丽萍等.纤维蛋白原过表达冠心病血瘀证大鼠的血小板代谢组学分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(06):230-237.
ZHOU Manli,ZHU Jiale,WANG Liping,et al.Platelet Metabolomics Analysis in Rats of Coronary Heart Disease with Blood Stasis Syndrome by Overexpression of Fibrinogen[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(06):230-237.
周曼丽,祝家乐,王丽萍等.纤维蛋白原过表达冠心病血瘀证大鼠的血小板代谢组学分析[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2025,31(06):230-237. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20250361.
ZHOU Manli,ZHU Jiale,WANG Liping,et al.Platelet Metabolomics Analysis in Rats of Coronary Heart Disease with Blood Stasis Syndrome by Overexpression of Fibrinogen[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2025,31(06):230-237. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20250361.
目的
2
通过分析纤维蛋白原(FIB)过表达冠心病血瘀证(CHD-BSS)大鼠血小板的代谢组学特征,挖掘潜在生物标志物,探讨FIB过表达对CHD-BSS的影响机制。
方法
2
将20只雄性SD大鼠随机分为BSS组和BSS+FIB过表达组(BSS+FIB组),每组10只。BSS+FIB组与BSS组均在高脂饮食喂养的基础上结合维生素D
3
灌胃及异丙肾上腺素皮下注射,BSS+FIB组大鼠在造模初期利用腺相关病毒(AAV)转染以过表达FIB。分别采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)和实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测大鼠肝脏和血浆样本中FIB的过表达水平,以及肝脏纤维蛋白原A(FGA)mRNA的表达水平;利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法(UPLC
-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS)分析大鼠血小板样本的代谢物特征,结合主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)筛选组间差异代谢物并进行通路富集分析,利用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线对潜在生物标志物用于CHD-BSS诊断的准确性进行评价;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测血小板磷酸化腺苷酸(AMP)活化蛋白激酶(p-AMPK)/AMPK、磷酸化哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(p-mTOR)/mTOR、微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)Ⅱ/Ⅰ和p62蛋白的水平。
结果
2
与BSS组比较,BSS+FIB组肝脏和血浆样品中FIB的表达水平均明显升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01),肝脏FIB mRNA的表达水平显著升高(
P
<
0.01),表明FIB过表达成功。血小板代谢组学结果显示,BSS+FIB组与BSS组的代谢轮廓存在明显差异,共筛选出25条显著富集的代谢通路,在通路明显富集的8个代谢物中,尿酸、鸟苷、核糖1-磷酸水平上调;二磷酸腺苷(ADP)、AMP、二磷酸鸟苷(GDP)、腺苷酸琥珀酸、去甲肾上腺素水平下调。差异代谢物的诊断能力分析显示,8个差异代谢物均有较好的诊断能力,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)
>
0.85。Western blot结果显示,与BSS组比较,BSS+FIB组大鼠血小板p-mTOR/mTOR和p62蛋白的表达水平显著降低(
P
<
0.01),p-AMPK/AMPK、LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ蛋白表达升高,但差异无统计学意义。
结论
2
FIB过表达可改变CHD-BSS大鼠模型的代谢特征,涉及血管内皮损伤、血小板活化及心肌功能受损多个方面。其中,FIB的过表达可能会强化血小板自噬的发生,进而诱导血小板活化,促使血栓形成。
Objective
2
To analyze the metabolomic characteristics of platelets in fibrinogen(FIB) overexpression rats of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome(CHD-BSS), explore potential biomarkers, and investigate the mechanism of FIB overexpression on CHD-BSS.
Methods
2
SD rats were randomly divided into BSS group and BSS+FIB overexpression group(BSS+FIB group), with 10 rats in each group. Both the BSS+FIB group and the BSS group were fed a high-fat diet combined with oral administration of vitamin D
3
and subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol, but rats in the BSS+FIB group were overexpressed with FIB during the initial modeling stage by transfection with adeno-associated virus(AAV). The overexpression level of FIB in rat liver and plasma samples was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real time PCR), as well as the expression level of liver FIB A(FGA) mRNA. The characteristics of metabolites in rat platelet samples were analyzed b
y ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbital trap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS), and the differential metabolites between groups were screened by principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA), and the enriched pathways were analyzed. The accuracy of potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of CHD-BSS was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve. The expression of autophagy related proteins phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate(AMP) activated protein kinase(p-AMPK)/AMPK, phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin(p-mTOR)/mTOR, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3) Ⅱ/Ⅰ and p62 in platelets were detected by Western blot.
Results
2
Compared with the BSS group, the expression levels of FIB in liver and plasma samples of the BSS+FIB group were significantly increased(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01), and the expression level of FIB mRNA in the liver was remarkably increased(
P
<
0.01), indicating successful overexpression of FIB. Platelet metabolomics results showed significant differences in metabolic profiles between the BSS+FIB group and the BSS group, and a total of 25 significantly enriched metabolic pathways and 8 metabolites involved in these metabolic pathways, among which uric acid, guanosine and ribose 1-phosphate levels were up-regulated, while adenosine diphosphate(ADP), AMP, guanosine diphosphate(GDP), adenylosuccinate and norepinephrine levels were down-regulated. The diagnostic ability analysis of differential metabolites showed that all 8 differential metabolites had good diagnostic ability, with an area under the curve(AUC)
>
0.85. Western blot results showed that compared with the BSS group, the expression levels of p-mTOR/mTOR and p62 proteins in platelets of the BSS+FIB group was significantly reduced(
P
<
0.01), while the expression levels of p-AMPK/AMPK
and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ proteins were increased, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
2
Overexpression of FIB can change the metabolic characteristics of CHD-BSS rat model, involving multiple aspects such as vascular endothelial injury, platelet activation and myocardial function damage. Among them, overexpression of FIB may enhance the occurrence of platelet autophagy, thereby inducing platelet activation and promoting thrombus formation.
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