Objective: To explore the anti-osteoporosis mechanisms of Xinjiang Cistanches Herba extract in M-KOOPG mice. Method: Totally 40 female M-KOOPG mice were randomly divided into 4 groups

namely the Cistanche extract high dose group and low dose group (10

5 g·kg-1·d-1)

Fosamax group (10 mg·kg-1·week-1)

and model group

n=10 in each group. 5 M-KOOPG mice were killed in each group respectively after continuous intragastric administration for 30 d and 60 d. Then the changes in morphology and number of bone trabecular in M-KOOPG mice were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining;immunohistochemistry assay was used to observe the positioning and positive expression of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in bone tissues of M-KOOPG mice. Result: After continuous intragastric administration for 30 d and 60 d

bone trabecular morphology and number were increased in mice of Cistanche extract high dose group

low dose group

Fosamax group

and the immunohistochemical indicators(IL-1β

TNF-α) showed that the cytoplasm expression levels of osteoblasts

osteoclasts and bone marrow stromal cells on the bone trabecular surface were decreased in different degree. There was significant difference in cells count with IL-1β

and TNF-α positive expression as compared with the model (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Xinjiang Cistanches Herba extract achieves anti-osteoporosis effect in M-KOOPG mice by reducing the positive expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α.