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1.北京中医药大学,北京 100029
2.北京市和平里医院,北京 100013
Received:07 November 2025,
Revised:2026-03-04,
Accepted:05 March 2026,
Online First:13 April 2026,
移动端阅览
JIANG Fuquan, LIU Tonghua, QIN Lingling, et al. Mechanisms of Qiqiao Qingwen Jiedu Granules in Alleviating Lung Injury in H1N1-infected Mice[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae, 2026, 1-10.
JIANG Fuquan, LIU Tonghua, QIN Lingling, et al. Mechanisms of Qiqiao Qingwen Jiedu Granules in Alleviating Lung Injury in H1N1-infected Mice[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae, 2026, 1-10. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20260825.
目的
2
探讨芪翘清瘟解毒颗粒(QQQW)对甲型H1N1流感病毒(H1N1)感染所致小鼠病毒性肺炎的保护作用及分子机制。
方法
2
将36只Balb/c雄性小鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,QQQW低(1.25 g·kg
-1
)、中(2.5 g·kg
-1
)、高(5 g·kg
-1
)剂量组,奥司他韦组(20 mg·kg
-1
),每组6只。除空白组外,其余各组以1.5倍半数致死剂量(LD
50
)的H1N1病毒滴鼻建立肺炎模型,攻毒后2 h开始给药,每日1次,连续7 d,末次给药后24 h检测相关指标。通过苏木素-伊红染色(HE)结合病理评分评估肺组织病理损伤,采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS)鉴定入血原型成分,结合网络药理学预测核心靶点与通路,通过人非小细胞肺癌A549细胞实验,采用细胞增殖与活性检测法(CCK-8)、流式细胞术凋亡检测及蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)辅助机制验证。
结果
2
与空白组比较,模型组小鼠肺、脾指数,肺组织病理评分及血清白细胞介素(IL)-17、IL-6、IL-1
β
、肿瘤坏死因子-
α
(TNF-
α
)水平均显著升高(
P
<
0.01),肺组织磷酸化(p)-磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/PI3K、p-蛋白激酶B(Akt)/Akt、p-糖原合成激酶3
β
(GSK3
β
)/GSK3
β
显著降低(
P
<
0.01);与模型组比较,QQQW各剂量组上述脏器指数、病理评分及促炎因子水平均明显降低(
P
<
0.05)
,QQQW高剂量组效果与奥司他韦组无显著差异,且QQQW高剂量组可显著上调肺组织PI3K/Akt/GSK3
β
信号通路磷酸化蛋白比值(
P
<
0.01)。细胞实验中,与H1N1感染模型组比较,100 mg·L
-1
QQQW可显著提升A549细胞活力、降低凋亡率,上调通路磷酸化蛋白比值(
P
<
0.01),该效应可被PI3K抑制剂LY294002逆转(
P
<
0.01)。网络药理学显示GSK3
β
为QQQW关键靶点,PI3K/Akt为核心通路。
结论
2
QQQW(1.25~5 g·kg
-1
)可通过激活PI3K/Akt/GSK3
β
信号通路,剂量依赖性减轻H1N1感染引起的肺组织炎症与损伤,其中高剂量QQQW(5 g·kg
-1
)效果与奥司他韦(20 mg·kg
-1
)相当。
Objective
2
To investigate the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of Qiqiao Qingwen Jiedu Granules (QQQW) against viral pneumonia induced by H1N1 influenza virus infection in mice.
Methods
2
Thirty-six male Balb/c mice were randomly assigned to six groups (
n
= 6 per group),
i.e.
, blank control, model, QQQW low-dose (1.25 g·kg
-1
), QQQW medium-dose (2.5 g·kg
-1
), QQQW high-dose (5 g·kg
-1
), and oseltamivir (20 mg·kg
-1
). Except for the blank control, mice in the remaining groups were intranasally inoculated with H1N1 virus at 1.5 × LD
50
to establish a pneumonia model. Drug administration began 2 hours after infection, once daily for 7 consecutive days, and relevant indicators were assessed 24 hours after the final dose. Lung pathological damage was evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining combined with histopathological scoring. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to identify blood-absorbed prototype components, and network pharmacology was applied to predict core targets and signaling pathways. Human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells were used for
in vitro
verification, including CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry for apoptosis, and Western blot.
Results
2
Compared with the blank control, the model group showed significant
increases in lung and spleen indices, lung pathological scores, and serum interleukin (IL)-17, IL-6, IL-1
β
, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-
α
levels (
P
<
0.01), along with significant decreases in phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-PI3K)/PI3K, phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt)/Akt, and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3
β
(p-GSK3
β
)/GSK3
β
ratios in lung tissue (
P
<
0.01). All QQQW dose groups significantly reduced organ indices, pathological scores, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (
P
<
0.05), with the high-dose group showing effects comparable to oseltamivir. The high-dose QQQW group significantly upregulated phosphorylated protein ratios in the PI3K/Akt/GSK3
β
pathway (
P
<
0.01). In A549 cells, 100 mg·L
-1
QQQW significantly increased cell viability, decreased apoptosis, and upregulated phosphorylated protein ratios in this pathway compared with the H1N1 infection model group (
P
<
0.01). These effects were reversed by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (
P
<
0.01). Network pharmacology analysis identified GSK3
β
as a key target and PI3K/Akt as the core pathway of QQQW.
Conclusion
2
QQQW (1.25-5 g·kg
-1
) dose-dependently alleviates H1N1-induced lung inflammation and tissue damage by activating the PI3K/Akt/GSK3
β
signaling pathway. The high dose (5 g·kg
-1
) shows comparable efficacy to oseltamivir (20 mg·kg
-1
).
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