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1.中国中医科学院广安门医院,北京 100053
2.北京中医药大学,北京 100029
Received:14 December 2025,
Revised:2026-01-21,
Accepted:06 March 2026,
Online First:27 April 2026,
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ZHANG Zhiwei, ZHU Tingting, SHANG Biyue, et al. Pathogenesis, Pattern and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation Comorbid with Metabolic Syndrome Based on the Theory of "Deficiency, Stagnation, Phlegm, and Blood Stasis"[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae, 2026, 1-10.
ZHANG Zhiwei, ZHU Tingting, SHANG Biyue, et al. Pathogenesis, Pattern and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation Comorbid with Metabolic Syndrome Based on the Theory of "Deficiency, Stagnation, Phlegm, and Blood Stasis"[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae, 2026, 1-10. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20261093.
心房颤动(AF)是临床常见的心律失常,其发生发展与代谢综合征(MS)密切相关。MS以中心性肥胖、糖脂代谢紊乱及高血压为核心表现,显著增加AF风险。AF与MS共病状态临床日益常见,二者在病理上相互促进,形成恶性循环,显著增加治疗难度及心血管事件风险。当前现代医学缺乏对AF共病MS共同病理环节的综合治疗方法。该文基于中医学整体观与“异病同治”思想,首次系统构建了AF共病MS“虚、郁、痰、瘀”的动态病机演进框架,提出其核心病机演变遵循“因虚致郁,由郁生痰,痰瘀互结”的规律,具体可概括为4个阶段:“虚损为基,气化失司”是发病之本,源于脾胃虚弱,气化无力,心失所养;“气机郁滞,枢机不利”为演化之渐,是病势由虚转实的关键枢转;“痰湿内蕴,冲逆扰络”构成病变之关键,痰湿上扰心神、壅塞脉络,直接引发代谢紊乱与心悸;终至“痰瘀胶结,阴邪深伏而成痼疾”,痰瘀互结沉积于心脉,导致心房重构,AF易损基质形成。基于此病机,该文提出相应治则:以“健运中焦、养心复脉”治其本虚;以“行气宣郁、转运枢机”疏其郁滞,截断传变之径;以“化湿涤痰、降逆宁心”清其痰浊,涤除扰动心神之邪;以“通痹化瘀、软坚柔脉”破其瘀结,解深伏脉络之痼疾,旨在为临床AF共病MS的治疗提供新的视角。
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a clinically common arrhythmia, and its pathogenesis and progression is closely associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). MS is markedly characterized by central obesity, disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, and hypertension, all of which significantly elevate the risk of AF. The comorbid state of AF and MS is increasingly prevalent in clinical practice. These two conditions pathologically reinforce each other, creating a vicious cycle that substantially increases therapeutic difficulty and the risk of cardiovascular events. Currently, modern medicine lacks comprehensive treatment strategies targeting the common pathological links in AF comorbid with MS.Based on the holistic view of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the concept of “treating different diseases with the same method,” this article systematically constructs, for the first time, a dynamic pathogenesis progression framework for AF comorbid with MS centered on “Deficiency (Xu), Stagnation (Yu), Phlegm (Tan), and Blood Stasis (Yu).” It proposes that the core pathogenesis evolution follows the pattern of “deficiency-induced stagnation, stagnation-induced phlegm generation, and intermingled of phlegm and blood stasis.” This process can be summarized into four specific stages: (1) “Deficiency and impediment as the foundation and dysfunction of Qi transformation” is the root of onset, originating from spleen-stomach deficiency, debility of Qi transformation, and malnourishment of the heart. (2) “Stagnation of Qi movement and dysfunction of the pivot mechanism” marks the gradual progression, representing the crucial turning point where the condition shifts from deficiency to excess. (3) “Internal accumulation of dampness-phlegm, ascending disturbance and collaterals obstruction” constitutes the key to pathology, where dampness-phlegm disturbs the heart-mind and obstructs the meridians and collaterals, directly triggering metabolic disorders and palpitations. (4) “Intermingling of phlegm and blood stasis, deep lurking of pathogenic yin forming a stubborn illness,” where phlegm and stasis bind and deposit in the heart meridians, leading to atrial remodeling and the formation of an AF-vulnerable substrate.Based on this pathogenesis framework, this article proposes corresponding therapeutic principles: treating the fundamental deficiency by “strengthening the middle jiao and nourishing the heart to restore normal pulse”; relieving Qi stagnation by “promoting Qi flow, dispersing constraint, and restoring pivot function” to intercept the pathway of progression; clearing phlegm-turbidity by “resolving dampness, dispelling phlegm, directing counterflow downward, and calming the heart” to eliminate the pathogen disturbing the heart-mind; and breaking blood stasis and masses by “unblocking impediment, resolving blood stasis, softening hardness, and relaxing the meridians” to resolve the deep-seated stubborn illness in the meridians and collaterals. The aim is to provide a new perspective for the clinical treatment of AF comorbid with MS.
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