1.湖北中医药大学 中医临床学院,武汉 430065
2.湖北省中医院,武汉 430061
3.武汉市第八医院,武汉 430010
4.武汉市第一医院,武汉 430022
5.武汉市第六医院,武汉 430019
王广,在读博士,从事中西医结合神经内科方向的研究,E-mail:1731048720@qq.com
陈国华,博士,教授,主任医师,从事中西医结合治疗脑病的研究,E-mail:cghys-2008@163.com
收稿:2025-11-18,
修回:2026-01-14,
录用:2026-02-10,
网络首发:2026-02-11,
纸质出版:2026-06-05
移动端阅览
王广,宋昕桦,杨杰等.基于AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB/NLRP3信号通路探讨柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤对抑郁样大鼠的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(11):144-152.
WANG Guang,SONG Xinhua,YANG Jie,et al.Exploring Mechanism of Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang in Depressive-like Rats via AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(11):144-152.
王广,宋昕桦,杨杰等.基于AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB/NLRP3信号通路探讨柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤对抑郁样大鼠的作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(11):144-152. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20260167.
WANG Guang,SONG Xinhua,YANG Jie,et al.Exploring Mechanism of Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang in Depressive-like Rats via AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(11):144-152. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20260167.
目的
2
探究柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤对孤养联合慢性不可预见性温和应激(CUMS)模型大鼠类抑郁样行为及神经炎症的影响,并分析其可能机制。
方法
2
60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤低、中、高剂量组(2.89、5.78、11.56 g·kg
-1
)和氟西汀组(10 mg·kg
-1
)。除正常组外,其他各组采用孤养联合CUMS干预63 d,前35 d仅制备抑郁模型,第36天开始造模同时给药,共干预28 d。采用糖水偏好实验、旷场实验、强迫游泳实验评价大鼠类抑郁行为,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察海马组织形态学,免疫组化(IHC)检测海马离子钙结合衔接分子1(Iba1)和消皮素D(GSDMD)蛋白的表达水平;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测海马区5′-腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)及磷酸化(p)-AMPK、沉默信息调节因子1(SIRT1)、核转录因子-
κ
B(NF-
κ
B)及p-NF-
κ
B、NOD样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)和胱天蛋白酶-1(Caspase-1)的蛋白表达水平,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测海马中肿瘤坏死因子-
α
(TNF-
α
)、白细胞介素(IL)-6和IL-1
β
mRNA表达水平。
结果
2
与正常组比较,模型组糖水偏好率降低(
P
<
0.01);旷场实验总运动距离缩短(
P
<
0.01)、静止时间延长(
P
<
0.01),中央区停留时间减少(
P
<
0.01);强迫游泳实验静止时间增加(
P
<
0.01);海马神经元结构被破坏;海马组织中Iba1、GSDMD含量升高(
P
<
0.01);海马组织中p-AMPK、SIRT1蛋白表达下调(
P
<
0.01);p-NF-
κ
B、NLRP3、Caspase-1蛋白表达上调(
P
<
0.01);海马组织中IL-1
β
、IL-6、TNF-
α
mRNA上调(
P
<
0.01)。与模型组比较,柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤低、中、高剂量组及氟西汀组均可逆转类抑郁样行为改变,表现为糖水偏好率提高、旷场总运动距离增加且静止时间缩短、中央区停留时间延长,以及强迫游泳静止时间减少(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01);同时减轻海马神经元结构损伤,在海马组织中下调Iba1、GSDMD表达,上调p-AMPK与SIRT1表达,并抑制p-NF-
κ
B、NLRP3、Caspase-1及IL-1
β
、IL-6、TNF-
α
mRNA的异常升高(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤可改善孤养联合CUMS模型大鼠类抑郁样行为并减轻海马神经炎症与细胞焦亡,提示其作用可能与调控AMPK/SIRT1/NF-
κ
B/NLRP3信号通路有关。
Objective
2
To investigate the effects of Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang(CJLM) on depression-like behaviors and neuroinflammation in rats subjected to social isolation combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS), and to explore the potential underlying mechanisms.
Methods
2
Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, and low-, medium-, and high-dose CJLM groups(2.89, 5.78, 11.56 g·kg
-1
), as well as a fluoxetine group(10 mg·kg
-1
). Except for the normal group, all other groups were subjected to social isolation combined with CUMS for 63 d. During the first 35 d, depression models were established only, and from day 36 onward, modeling and drug administration were conducted simultaneously for a total intervention period of 28 d. Depression-like behaviors were evaluated using the sucrose preference test, open-field test, and forced swimming test. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was performed to observe hippocampal histomorphology. Immunohistochemistry(IHC) was used to detect the expression levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1) and gasdermin D(GSDMD) proteins in the hippocampus. Western blot analysis was employed to determine the protein expression l
evels of adenosine 5′-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK) and phosphorylated(p)-AMPK, silent information regulator 1(SIRT1), nuclear factor-
κ
B(NF-
κ
B) and p-NF-
κ
B, NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3), and Caspase-1 in the hippocampus. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-
α
(TNF-
α
), interleukin(IL)-6, and IL-1
β
in the hippocampus.
Results
2
Compared with the normal group, the model group showed a decreased sucrose preference rate(
P
<
0.01), reduced total movement distance(
P
<
0.01), prolonged immobility time(
P
<
0.01), and decreased central zone residence time(
P
<
0.01) in the open-field test, and increased immobility time in the forced swimming test(
P
<
0.01). Hippocampal neuronal structure was damaged. The contents of Iba1 and GSDMD in the hippocampus were significantly increased(
P
<
0.01). The protein expression levels of p-AMPK and SIRT1 in the hippocampus were significantly decreased(
P
<
0.01), whereas the protein expression levels of p-NF-
κ
B, NLRP3, and Caspase-1 were significantly increased(
P
<
0.01). The mRNA expression levels of IL-1
β
, IL-6, and TNF-
α
in the hippocampus were significantly upregulated(
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, the low-, medium-, and high-dose CJLM groups and the fluoxetine group all were able to reverse depression-like behavioral changes, as evidenced by increased sucrose preference rate, increased total movement distance with shortened immobility time in the open-field test, prolonged central zone residence time, and reduced immobility time in the forced swimming test(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01). Mean
while, hippocampal neuronal structural damage was alleviated. In the hippocampus, the expression levels of Iba1 and GSDMD were downregulated, the expression levels of p-AMPK and SIRT1 were upregulated, and the abnormal elevations of p-NF-
κ
B, NLRP3, Caspase-1, as well as IL-1
β
, IL-6, and TNF-
α
mRNA were suppressed(
P
<
0.05,
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
CJLM can ameliorate depression-like behaviors in rats subjected to social isolation combined with CUMS and attenuate hippocampal neuroinflammation and pyroptosis, suggesting that its effects may be associated with the regulation of AMPK/SIRT1/NF-
κ
B/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
BACHMANN S . Epidemiology of suicide and the psychiatric perspective [J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health , 2018 , 15 ( 7 ): 1425 .
CUI L , LI S , WANG S , et al . Major depressive disorder:Hypothesis,mechanism,prevention and treatment [J]. Signal Transduct Target Ther , 2024 , 9 ( 1 ): 30 .
ABBAS K M , ABOYANS V , ACKERMAN I N , et al . Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories,1990-2019:A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [J]. Lancet , 2020 , 396 ( 10258 ): 1204 - 1222 .
GBD M D C . Global,regional,and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories,1990-2019:A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 [J]. Lancet Psychiatry , 2022 , 9 ( 2 ): 137 - 150 .
TIAN H , LI G , XU G , et al . Inflammatory cytokines derived from peripheral blood contribute to the modified electroconvulsive therapy-induced cognitive deficits in major depressive disorder [J]. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci , 2021 , 271 ( 3 ): 475 - 485 .
PREVOT T , SIBILLE E . Altered GABA-mediated information processing and cognitive dysfunctions in depression and other brain disorders [J]. Mol Psychiatry , 2021 , 26 ( 1 ): 151 - 167 .
MALHI G S , MANN J J . Depression [J]. Lancet , 2018 , 392 ( 10161 ): 2299 - 2312 .
BELMAKER R H , AGAM G . Major depressive disorder [J]. N Engl J Med , 2008 , 358 ( 1 ): 55 - 68 .
SĂLCUDEAN A , BODO C , POPOVICI R , et al . Neuroinflammation-a crucial factor in the pathophysiology of depression-a comprehensive review [J]. Biomolecules , 2025 , 15 ( 4 ): 502 .
MURROUGH J W , ABDALLAH C G , MATHEW S J . Targeting glutamate signalling in depression:Progress and prospects [J]. Nat Rev Drug Discov , 2017 , 16 ( 7 ): 472 - 486 .
MRAZEK D A , HORNBERGER J C , ALTAR C A , et al . A review of the clinical,economic,and societal burden of treatment-resistant depression:1996-2013 [J]. Psychiatr Serv , 2014 , 65 ( 8 ): 977 - 987 .
LIU S , XU S , WANG Z , et al . Anti-depressant-like effect of sinomenine on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression in a mouse model [J]. Med Sci Monit , 2018 , 24 : 7646 - 7653 .
HENSSLER J , SCHMIDT Y , SCHMIDT U , et al . Incidence of antidepressant discontinuation symptoms:A systematic review and Meta-analysis [J]. Lancet Psychiatry , 2024 , 11 ( 7 ): 526 - 535 .
周佳新 , 胡建平 , 刘争强 , 等 . 基于形气神三位一体生命观探析柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤 [J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志 , 2025 , 31 ( 16 ): 225 - 234 .
ZHOU J X , HU J P , LIU Z Q , et al . Analysis of Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang based on trinity life view of ''physique,Qi,and spirit'' [J]. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form , 2025 , 31 ( 16 ): 225 - 234 .
徐德毅 , 赵洁 . 加味柴胡龙骨牡蛎汤联合帕罗西汀治疗抑郁症的疗效及对患者血清炎症因子、生活质量的影响 [J]. 现代中西医结合杂志 , 2017 , 26 ( 12 ): 1303 - 1305 .
XU D Y , ZHAO J . Efficacy of Jiawei Chaihu Longgu Muli decoction combined with paroxetine in treatment of depression and its effect on serum inflammatory factors and quality of life of patients [J]. Mod J Integr Tradit Chin West Med , 2017 , 26 ( 12 ): 1303 - 1305 .
ZHAO Y , XU D , WANG J , et al . The pharmacological mechanism of Chaihu-jia-longgu-muli-tang for treating depression:Integrated meta-analysis and network pharmacology analysis [J]. Front Pharmacol , 2023 , 14 : 1257617 .
QIN Z , SHI D D , LI W , et al . Berberine ameliorates depression-like behaviors in mice via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation and preventing neuroplasticity disruption [J]. J Neuroinflammation , 2023 , 20 ( 1 ): 54 .
WAN T , LI X , FU M , et al . NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis:A candidate therapeutic target for depression [J]. Front Cell Neurosci , 2022 , 16 : 863426 .
CHAI Y , CAI Y , FU Y , et al . Salidroside ameliorates depression by suppressing NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis via P2X7/NF- κ B/NLRP3 signaling pathway [J]. Front Pharmacol , 2022 , 13 : 812362 .
ZHU Y , LI S , ZHU C , et al . Metabolomics analysis of the antidepressant prescription Danzhi Xiaoyao powder in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) [J]. J Ethnopharmacol , 2020 , 260 : 112832 .
季诗雨 , 汪丽 , 张卓 , 等 . 柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤调控ERK/CREB信号通路改善抑郁症模型小鼠海马神经损伤的作用机制 [J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志 , 2025 , 31 ( 22 ): 1 - 9 .
JI S Y , WANG L , ZHANG Z , et al . Chaihu and Longgu Mulitang regulates ERK/CREB signaling pathway to ameliorate hippocampal nerve injury in mouse model of depression [J]. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form , 2025 , 31 ( 22 ): 1 - 9 .
LI B , YAN Y , ZHANG T , et al . Quercetin reshapes gut microbiota homeostasis and modulates brain metabolic profile to regulate depression-like behaviors induced by CUMS in rats [J]. Front Pharmacol , 2024 , 15 : 1362464 .
LIU D , LV F , MIN S , et al . Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation alleviates electroconvulsive shock-induced memory impairment via regulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in depressive rats [J]. Behav Brain Res , 2022 , 428 : 113879 .
HONG H , KIM B S , IM H I . Pathophysiological role of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders [J]. Int Neurourol J , 2016 , 20 ( Suppl 1 ): S2 - S7 .
KWON H S , KOH S H . Neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders:The roles of microglia and astrocytes [J]. Transl Neurodegener , 2020 , 9 ( 1 ): 42 .
KOHLER C A , FREITAS T H , MAES M , et al . Peripheral cytokine and chemokine alterations in depression:A meta-analysis of 82 studies [J]. Acta Psychiatr Scand , 2017 , 135 ( 5 ): 373 - 387 .
MILLER A H , RAISON C L . The role of inflammation in depression:From evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target [J]. Nat Rev Immunol , 2016 , 16 ( 1 ): 22 - 34 .
BEUREL E , TOUPS M , NEMEROFF C B . The bidirectional relationship of depression and inflammation:Double trouble [J]. Neuron , 2020 , 107 ( 2 ): 234 - 256 .
ROY S , ARIF A M , CHOUDHARY K , et al . NLRP3 inflammasome in depression:A review [J]. Int Immunopharmacol , 2023 , 117 : 109916 .
ZHANG Y , LIU L , LIU Y , et al . NLRP3 inflammasome mediates chronic mild stress-induced depression in mice via neuroinflammation [J]. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol , 2015 , 18 ( 8 ): pyv006 .
LI S , SUN Y , SONG M , et al . NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis exerts a crucial role in astrocyte pathological injury in mouse model of depression [J]. JCI Insight , 2021 , 6 ( 23 ): e146852 .
CHEN L , LAN Z . Polydatin attenuates potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia and kidney inflammation by inhibiting NF-kappaB/NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway [J]. Food Funct , 2017 , 8 ( 5 ): 1785 - 1792 .
ESSICK E E , SAM F . Oxidative stress and autophagy in cardiac disease,neurological disorders,aging and cancer [J]. Oxid Med Cell Longev , 2010 , 3 ( 3 ): 168 - 177 .
PEIXOTO C A , OLIVEIRA W H , ARAUJO S , et al . AMPK activation:Role in the signaling pathways of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration [J]. Exp Neurol , 2017 , 298 ( Pt A ): 31 - 41 .
LIBERT S , GUARENTE L . Metabolic and neuropsychiatric effects of calorie restriction and sirtuins [J]. Annu Rev Physiol , 2013 , 75 ( 1 ): 669 - 684 .
CONVERGE CONSORTIUM . Author correction:Sparse whole-genome sequencing identifies two loci for major depressive disorder [J]. Nature , 2023 , 620 ( 7976 ): E28 .
SONG Y , WU Z , ZHAO P . The protective effects of activating SIRT1/NF-kappaB pathway for neurological disorders [J]. Rev Neurosci , 2022 , 33 ( 4 ): 427 - 438 .
TONG Y , FU H , XIA C , et al . Astragalin exerted antidepressant-like action through SIRT1 signaling modulated NLRP3 inflammasome deactivation [J]. ACS Chem Neurosci , 2020 , 11 ( 10 ): 1495 - 1503 .
LIU Y , ZHONG C , YANG Y , et al . The role of mitochondrial energy metabolism in the mechanism of exercise improving depression [J]. Curr Issues Mol Biol , 2025 , 47 ( 5 ): 382 .
CHEN H , DENG J , GAO H , et al . Involvement of the SIRT1-NLRP3 pathway in the inflammatory response [J]. Cell Commun Signal , 2023 , 21 ( 1 ): 185 .
0
浏览量
0
下载量
0
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621
