1.中国中医科学院 广安门医院,北京 100053
2.北京中医药大学,北京 100029
尚碧月,在读博士,从事中西医结合防治心血管疾病研究,E-mail:sby207@126.com
崔向宁,博士生导师,从事中西医结合防治心血管疾病研究,Tel:010-88001018,E-mail:cuixiangning163@163.com; *
路迎冬,硕士,主管技师,从事中西医结合防治心血管疾病研究,E-mail:yingdonglu1988@126.com
收稿:2025-12-08,
修回:2026-01-18,
录用:2026-03-19,
网络首发:2026-03-02,
纸质出版:2026-06-05
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尚碧月,朱婷婷,吕顺新等.温胆宁心颗粒调控舒张期钙泄漏相关蛋白改善炎症相关房颤易感性的机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(11):133-143.
SHANG Biyue,ZHU Tingting,LYU Shunxin,et al.Mechanism of Wendan Ningxin Granules in Modulating Diastolic Calcium Leakage-related Proteins to Improve Inflammation-associated Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(11):133-143.
尚碧月,朱婷婷,吕顺新等.温胆宁心颗粒调控舒张期钙泄漏相关蛋白改善炎症相关房颤易感性的机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2026,32(11):133-143. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20261092.
SHANG Biyue,ZHU Tingting,LYU Shunxin,et al.Mechanism of Wendan Ningxin Granules in Modulating Diastolic Calcium Leakage-related Proteins to Improve Inflammation-associated Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility[J].Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae,2026,32(11):133-143. DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20261092.
目的
2
探讨温胆宁心颗粒对炎症损伤小鼠心房颤动易感性的保护作用及机制。
方法
2
100只C57BL/6小鼠,分为空白组、模型组,温胆宁心低(2.34 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
)、高(4.68 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
)剂量组,胺碘酮组(0.091 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
),每组20只。除空白组外,其余小鼠腹腔注射脂多糖(LPS)构建炎症损伤模型。治疗组连续灌胃给药干预4周,第4周治疗组给药同时给予脂多糖(LPS)腹腔注射;空白组及模型组给予蒸馏水(10 mL·kg
-1
·d
-1
)灌胃,每组灌胃容积为10 mL·kg
-1
,每日1次。采用苏木素-伊红染色(HE)、天狼猩红染色(Sirius red)观察小鼠心房组织形态及纤维化程度;免疫组化评估小鼠心房组织
α
-平滑肌肌动蛋白(
α
-SMA)表达;电生理检测以多通道电生理标测仪测定小鼠心房颤动诱发率、心房颤动持续时间、心房有效不应期(AERP),以高分辨荧光标测仪测量动作电位时程(APD)离散度、兴奋传导不均匀指数及钙瞬变(CaT)离散度;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测小鼠心房舒张期钙泄漏相关蛋白钙/钙调蛋白依赖性激酶Ⅱ(CaMKⅡ)、兰尼碱受体2(RyR2)、钙离子ATP酶(SERCA)、钠-钙交换通道(NCX)的mRNA表达;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测各组心肌组织CaMKⅡ、RyR2、SERCA、NCX蛋白表达;酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测血清炎症因子白细胞介素-1
β
(IL-1
β
)、肿瘤坏死因子-
α
(TNF-
α
)水平。
结果
2
病理染色结果显示,与空白组比较,模型组心房组织结构破坏,炎症细胞浸润,心房组织纤维化,心房间质中可见大量棕褐色的
α
-SMA阳性细胞弥漫性浸润(
P
<
0.01),电刺激下可诱发心房颤动且持续时间较长,AERP缩短,APD离散度、兴奋传导不均匀指数及CaT离散度显著升高(
P<
0.01),舒张期钙泄漏相关蛋白CaMKⅡ、RyR2、NCX1的mRNA及蛋白表达升高,SERCA2a mRNA及蛋白表达明显降低(
P
<
0.05),血清炎症因子IL-1
β
、TNF-
α
水平显著升高(
P
<
0.01);与模型组比较,温胆宁心颗粒干预后,小鼠心脏结构破坏有所缓解,炎症细胞浸润减少,心房组织纤维化有所改善,
α
-SMA阳性细胞弥漫性浸润显著减轻(
P
<
0.01),电刺激下心房颤动诱发率及心房颤动持续时间明显缩短(
P
<
0.05),AERP明显延长(
P
<
0.05),舒张期钙泄漏相关蛋白CaMKⅡ、RyR2、NCX1的mRNA及蛋白表达明显降低,SERCA2a的mRNA及蛋白表达明显升高(
P
<
0.05),血清炎症因子IL-1
β
、TNF-
α
水平显著降低(
P
<
0.01)。
结论
2
温胆宁心低、高剂量均可有效降低炎症损伤相关心房颤动易感性,温胆宁心颗粒降低心房颤动易感性的作用机制可能与调控肌浆网舒张期钙泄漏相关蛋白改善心脏电重构,减轻炎症反应引起的心肌纤维化从而改善心脏结构重构有关。
Objective
2
To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Wendan Ningxin granules (WNG) on susceptibility to atrial fibrillation (AF) in mice with inflammatory injury.
Methods
2
100 C57BL/6 mice were divided into a blank control group, a model group, a low-dose WNG group (2.34 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
), a high-dose WNG group (4.68 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
), and an amiodarone positive control group (0.091 g·kg
-1
·d
-1
), with 20 mice in each group. Except for the blank control group, mice in other groups received intraperitoneal injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish an inflammatory injury model. Treatment groups received continuous intragastric administration of their respective interventions for four weeks. During the fourth week, the treatment groups received LPS injections concurrently with their treatments. The blank control and model groups received distilled water (10 mL·kg
-1
·d
-1
) by gavage, with a gavage volume of 10 mL·kg
-1
for all groups, once daily. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Sirius red staining were used to observe atrial tissue morphology and fibrosis degree. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in mouse atrial tissue. Electrophysiological detection was performed using a multi-channel electrophysiology mapping system to measure AF inducibility, AF duration, and atrial effective refractory period (AERP). High-resolution optical mapping was used to measure action potential duration (APD) dispersion, conduction heterogeneity index, and calcium transient (CaT) dispersion. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to detect mRNA expression of proteins related to diastolic calcium leakage in mouse atria: Ca
2+
/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CaMKⅡ
), ryanodine receptor 2(RyR2), sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase (SERCA), and sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX). Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of CaMKII, RyR2, SERCA, and NCX proteins in myocardial tissue from each group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure serum levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-1
β
(IL-1
β
) and tumor necrosis factor-
α
(TNF-
α
).
Results
2
Pathological staining results showed that compared with the blank control group, the model group exhibited disrupted atrial tissue structure, inflammatory cell infiltration, atrial fibrosis, and diffuse infiltration of numerous brown
α
-SMA positive cells in the atrial interstitium (
P
<
0.01). AF could be induced by electrical stimulation with a longer duration. AERP was shortened, while APD dispersion, conduction heterogeneity index, and CaT dispersion were increased (
P
<
0.01). The expression of proteins associated with diastolic calcium leakage, including CaMKⅡ, RyR2, and NCX1, showed elevated mRNA and protein levels, whereas SERCA2a mRNA and protein expression decreased (
P
<
0.05). Serum levels of inflammatory factors IL-1
β
and TNF-
α
were elevated (
P
<
0.01). Compared with the model group, intervention with WNG alleviated cardiac structural damage, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, improved atrial fibrosis, and reduced the diffuse infiltration of
α
-SMA positive cells (
P
<
0.01). AF inducibility and AF duration upon electrical stimulation were significantly reduced (
P
<
0.05), AERP was prolonged
(P
<
0.05), mRNA and protein expression of CaMKⅡ, RyR2, and NCX1-proteins associated with diastolic calcium leakage-were reduced, whilst mRNA and protein expression of SERCA2a increased (
P
<
0.
05), and serum levels of IL-1
β
and TNF-
α
were decreased (
P
<
0.01).
Conclusion
2
Both low‑ and high‑dose WNG can effectively reduce susceptibility to inflammation-related AF. The mechanism by which WNG reduce AF susceptibility may be related to regulating proteins involved in sarcoplasmic reticulum diastolic calcium leak, thereby improving cardiac electrical remodeling, and alleviating inflammation-induced myocardial fibrosis, thus improving cardiac structural remodeling.
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