最新刊期
卷 23 ， 期 15 ， 2017
- 摘要：According to the analysis of the actual situation of the cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials and its quality evaluation,the authors exhibited the suggestion of the cultivation,processing and production pattern of Chinese medicinal materials.Chinese herbal medicine should not continue to be treated as Chinese agricultural and sideline products and its cultivation should be managed by the department of agriculture management;as the raw materials of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) products,its cultivation should be managed by the department of TCM.Different quality management modes of Chinese herbal medicine should be established to meet different usage as raw materials of kinds of products.The model of imitation of the wild ecological construction should be advocated.The cultivated organisms, such as to change the original natural environment of Chinese herbs, which could make the secondary metabolites variation,cannot be called Chinese herbal medicine,it can only be called natural products.The natural products as raw materials for the production of drugs can only be called natural drugs instead of Chinese medicine.Standard library of Chinese slices should be set up.关键词：Chinese medicinal materials;processed products of Chinese medicine;Chinese patent medicine;quality evaluation standard;standard library of Chinese slices
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a sensitive and specific high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) for simultaneous determination of five free anthraquinones (2-hydroxyl-3-methyl anthraquinone,2-hydroxy-1-methoxy anthraquinone,1,8-dihydroxy anthraquinone,rubiadin-1-methyl ether and rubiadin) in Morindae Officinalis Radix. Method: The analytic procedure was carried out on a Phenomenex C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) and detected with an UV detector at the wavelength of 277 nm.Gradient elution was carried out with 0.4% phosphoric acid and acetonitrile at the flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃. Result: The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.010-0.250 μg for 2-hydroxyl-3-methyl anthraquinone with r of 0.999 7, 0.060-1.500 μg for 2-hydroxy-1-methoxy anthraquinone with r of 0.999 1,0.004-0.100 μg for 1,8-dihydroxy anthraquinone with r of 0.999 6,0.050-1.250 μg for rubiadin-1-methyl ether with r of 0.999 7 and 0.025-0.625 μg for rubiadin with r of 0.999 5,respectively.The average recoveries of these five components were 98.2%,99.6%,97.9%,98.5% and 97.7%,respectively.Relative standard deviations were 1.4%,1.6%,2.2%,1.6% and 1.7%,respectively. Conclusion: The established method is accurate and reliable,and it can be used for the simultaneous determination of these five components,which provides a scientific basis for the quality evaluation of Morindae Officinalis Radix.关键词：Morindae Officinalis Radix;grades;processing;free anthraquinone;2-hydroxyl-3-methyl anthraquinone;2-hydroxy-1-methoxy anthraquinone;1,8-dihydroxy anthraquinone;rubiadin-1-methyl ether
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To compare the difference of in situ small intestinal absorption in rats of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 in original powder, ultra-fine powder and cell wall-broken powder of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma. Method: In situ perfusion method in rats was adopted,the concentration of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Rb1 and phenol sulfonphthalein in intestinal circulating perfusate were determined simultaneously by HPLC,which is used to study on the absorption of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1and ginsenoside Rb1 from Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma samples in the small intestine of rats. Result: The absorption rate constants (Ka) of notoginsenoside R1 in the original powder,ultra-fine powder and cell wall-broken powder were 0.049 80,0.037 37,0.034 60 h-1,Ka of ginsenoside Rg1 were 0.044 83,0.032 48,0.036 50 h-1,Ka of ginsenoside Rb1 were 0.078 40,0.095 48,0.084 78 h-1,respectively.The absorption percentages (P) of notoginsenoside R1 were 9.543%,7.662%,5.858%,those of ginsenoside Rg1 were 8.602%,7.154%,6.667%,those of ginsenoside Rb1 were 14.60%,17.86% and 15.64%,respectively. Conclusion: There are differences in the absorption amount and rate of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 in three kinds of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma powder,but the absorption of ultra-fine powder and cell wall-broken powder has no significant superiority by comparing with the original powder,selection of original powder as raw material is better.关键词：Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma powder;notoginsenoside R1;Ginsenoside Rg1;ginsenoside Rb1;intestinal perfusion
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发布时间：2024-01-04 -
Determination of Release of Wutou Binary-released Granules by Area Under Absorbance-wavelength Curve
摘要：Objective: To establish determination of in vitro release of alkaline substances from Wutou binary-released granules by the method of area under absorbance-wavelength curve (AUAWC). Method: The studies on in vitro release for Wutou ordinary granules and Wutou polyacrylic acid resin coated granules were researched.Release medium containing drug was obtained at different time points,the individual sample solutions were obtained through chloroform extraction after pH adjusting.The AUAWC were calculated by Origin 8.0 software,and the mixed concentration of different alkaline substances in sample solutions was obtained.Then,the cumulative release curve of Wutou binary-released granules was drawn and the drug release trends of these two granules were compared. Result: This established AUAWC was stable,feasible and accurate with the linear equation of Y=0.145 4X+3.240 4(r=0.999 3) and the average recovery of 106.25% (RSD 6.2%).The cumulative release curve of in vitro release showed that alkaline substances from ordinary granules in the acidic medium was rapid release,which was 54.55% at the 10th min and 94.51% at the 45th min.While the release of those from Wutou polyacrylic acid resin coated granules in acid medium was only a little release,but it released significantly in the simulated intestinal fluid with cumulative release rate of 90.26% at the 210th min. Conclusion: The chloroform extraction shows a good release trend of the alkaline substances in different granules.AUAWC can be used for the determination of in vitro release of Wutou binary-released granules,it will provide a good instruction for the study of release of alkaline substances in other Chinese materia medica preparations and their in vitro and in vivo researches.关键词：area under absorbance-wavelength curve;Wutou injection;binary-release;in vitro release;aconitine;granules- 2
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To determine the optimal additive form of volatile oil in Zhitong cataplasms by comparing the effect of additive forms of volatile oil on this preparation,such as direct addition method,β-cyclodextrin inclusion method and microemulsion method. Method: The physical properties of the matrix were compared,such as the initial adhesive force,the sticking force,the peel strength and formability.Effect of three different ways of adding volatile oil on the in vitro release were compared by taking ferulic acid and ligustilide as indexes.The volatile oil content was taken as the index,and its stability was compared. Result: The addition of volatile oil affected the physical properties of the matrix,but Zhitong cataplasms prepared in the form of microemulsion had little effect.In 24 hours,the cumulative releases of ferulic acid in Zhitong cataplasms prepared by direct adding method,β-cyclodextrin inclusion method and microemulsion method were 563.45,454.4, 419.5 μg·cm-2,and the cumulative releases of ligustilide were 871.40,792.60,550.07 μg·cm-2,respectively.Compared with direct addition method and β-cyclodextrin inclusion method,the stability of Zhitong cataplasms prepared by microemulsion method was the best. Conclusion: The addition of essential oil affects the physical properties,in vitro release and stability of the matrix in Zhitong cataplasms,the microemulsion method has little effect on the adhesion of the matrix and stability of Zhitong cataplasms,but the cumulative releases of active ingredients are less than direct adding method and β-cyclodextrin inclusion method.关键词：Zhitong cataplasms;volatile oil;β-cyclodextrin;microemulsion;formability;ferulic acid;ligustilide
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: The effect of different drying methods on the product quality of Dendrobium nobile leaves were investigated to provide the theoretical references for the development of processing technologies of D. nobile leaves and the expansion of medicinal parts of this herb. Method: D. nobile leaves were dried by four drying methods,including microwave drying,hot air heating,vacuum drying and vacuum freeze drying,then the impacts of different drying technologies on the color,microstructure,contents of total polysaccharides and dendrobine of D. nobile leaves were investigated. Result: The results showed that the color of vacuum freeze drying products was bright and better than the hot air drying,microwave drying and vacuum drying.Different drying methods differed in the microstructure of samples.The content of total polysaccharides in D. nobile leaves was 3.11% in vacuum freeze drying,3.02% in vacuum drying,2.81% in hot air drying and 2.74% in microwave drying.There was not much difference of drying methods in the dendrobine content. Conclusion: In the field of expenditure,D. nobile leaves have higher content of functional components under hot air drying,which has operability and energy consercation,it can be extended in the application of D. nobile leaves.关键词：Dendrobium nobile leaves;drying method;polysaccharides;dendrobine;microstructure;color
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the mechanism of the theory of “every semen must be fried” by analyzing and identifying the variation of fatty oil components in Vaccariae Semen,Cassiae Semen and Ziziphi Spinosae Semen before and after stir-frying. Method: The fatty oil was extracted through petroleum ether by Soxhlet extractor,the composition and relative content was analyzed and identified by GC-MS after methyl esterification,the analysis was performed on a HP-5 capillary column,the carrier gas was nitrogen,the column temperature was set at 50 ℃ and elevated to 170 ℃ at 5 ℃·min-1,keeping 4 min,then up to 190 ℃ at the rate of 5 ℃·min-1,up to 200 ℃ at the rate of 0.5 ℃·min-1,up to 240 ℃ at the rate of 10 ℃·min-1,keeping 4 min.Inject volume was 1 μL.The ionization mode was electron ionization,the ion source temperature was 220 ℃,the electron energy was 70 eV. Result: The extraction rates of fatty oil in Vaccariae Semen,Cassiae Semen and Ziziphi Spinosae Semen were 3.34%,6.16% and 20.66%,the extraction rates of fatty oil in their stir-frying products were 4.67%,7.40% and 26.35%,respectively.Seven compounds in crude products of Vaccariae Semen were identified,and ten compounds in its stir-frying products of Vaccaroae Semen were identified;eight compounds in crude products of Cassiae Semen were identified,nine compounds in its stir-frying products of Cassiae Semen were identified;ten compounds in crude products of Zizyphi Spinosae Semen were identified,fourteen compounds in its stir-frying products of Zizyphi Spinosae Semen were identified. Conclusion: The extraction rate of fatty oil in these three Chinese herbal medicines are increased after stir-frying,the composition of fatty oil in them has some common change after stir-frying.关键词：Vaccariae Semen;Cassiae Semen;Ziziphi Spinosae Semen;fatty oil;GC-MS;oleic acid;stearic acid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a measuring method for in vitro and in vivo recovery of microdialysis probe of notoginsenoside R1 and to investigate the effect of flow rate,drug concentration and usage count of probe on recovery,then in vivo stability of probe recovery was investigated. Method: Dialysis method and retrodialysis method were used for this study.The concentration of notoginsenoside R1 in brain and blood dialysate was determined by LC-MS/MS and the probe recovery was calculated. Result: The recovery of brain and blood microdialysis probe showed a good stability within 10 h,the average recoveries of brain and blood probe when flow velocity at 1.5 μL·min-1 for notoginsenoside R1 were 14.0%and 33.2%,respectively.At the same concentration,the in vitro and in vivo recoveries of brain and blood probe of notoginsenoside R1 decreased with the increase of flow rate (0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,3.0 μL·min-1).The dialysis recoveries of brain and blood probe in vitro were (36.0±1.7)%,(23.5±1.6)%,(14.2±0.5)%,(8.0±0.7)%,(5.4±0.5)% and (61.6±2.6)%,(48.0±4.1)%,(33.0±2.8)%,(24.1±1.2)%,(18.9±1.1)%,respectively.Recoveries of dialysis and retrodialysis in vitro were approximately equal,and the recovery detected by retrodialysis in vivo was similar with the in vitro results.Concentrations (50,200,500,1 000 μg·L-1) had no obvious effect on recovery at constant flow rate.Probe which used no more than 3 times could still keep high transmittance by syringe with 2% heparin sodium and ultrapure water successively. Conclusion: Retrodialysis method can be used to study probe recovery of notoginsenoside R1,and microdialysis can be used for pharmacokinetic study of notoginsenoside R1.关键词：notoginsenoside R1;microdialysis;probe recovery;pharmacokinetics;LC-MS/MS
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To provide basis for safe application of pesticide in Loincerae Japonicae Flos through a dietary risk assessment based on data from the field experiment of deltamethrin. Method: Field experiments were performed by simulating actual field productions to obtain deltamethrin residue data. A risk assessment was carried out based on the dietary exposure and the maximum residue limits. Result: Based on dietary exposure,acceptable adily intake(ADI) and actlte reference dose(ARfD) were much less than 100%, indicting no unacceptable dietary risk. Based on MRL, residue of deltamethrin is lower than MRL in all of tea drinks after pesticide application, and lower than MRL in domestic and foreign herbs and other foods after regular pesticide application, but higher than MRL in domestic and foreign herbs and other foods after irregular pesticide application. Conclusion: On the basis of the two risk assessments, there is no dietary risk in deltamethrin after regular pesticide application. However, in case of increase in pesticide dose and application frequency, the harvest intervals shall be prolonged to avoid risk. This study provides data support for safe application standards for deltamethrin in Loincerae Japonicae Flos and establishment of MRL standards.关键词：Loincerae Japonicae Flos;deltamethrin;field experiment;risk assessment;safe pesticide application
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To fast and accurately identify ITS2 sequences of Bletillae Rhizoma and its counterfeits using DNA barcode technology. Method: The genomic DNA was extracted by plant genomic DNA extraction kit, and the ITS2 sequences of all collected samples were amplified and measured. The sequences were spliced by Codon Code Aligner and analyzed by MEGA7.0 software to calculate interspecies Kimura2-parameter (K2P) genetic distance. The neighbor-joining (NJ) system clustering tree was constructed by using the nearest distance method and ITS2 sequences, and the method was compared with the ITS2 sequences. Result: K2P genetic distance and NJ clustering tree only identified Bletillae Rhizoma from other species, but failed to distinguish Bletillae Rhizoma and the other three in the genus. The secondary structure of ITS2 could be used to further accurately identify Bletillae Rhizoma and other species. Conclusion: ITS2 sequences can be used as DNA bar code, and combined with the secondary structure of ITS2 sequence to effectively identify Bletillae Rhizoma and its counterfeits.关键词：Bletillae Rhizoma;counterfeit;DNA barcode;ITS2;secondary structure
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To carried out the investigation on Sophora japonica germplam in Guangxi, in order to lay a foundation for assessing and selecting good S. japonica germplasm. Method: Field visit and literature review were adopted to investigate S. japonica germplasm in Guangxi. Result: ①S. japonica of Guangxi is mainly distributed in Quanzhou, Xingan, Yangshuo, Fuchuan, Gongcheng and other counties (cities), where are located at 24°28'23"-26°22'15" north latitude, and 109°22'06"-111°16'21" east longitude, and most commonly seen at the altitude between 104-502 m. ②Different species of S. japonica have different leaf characteristics, plant size and quality of flower buds in different areas. S. japonica cultivated by Qiyi, Quanzhou is significantly superior to that in other areas. ③S. japonica is widely adaptable in Guangxi in terms of temperature, soil, precipitation. ④S. japonica in Guangxi has a fewer companion plants, but with prominent dominant families, especially the Composite family, which is followed by Gramineae, Plantaginaceae, Labiate, Euphorbiaceae. Conclusion: In this study, geographical distribution characteristics, growth characteristics and types of S. japonica are figured out, so as to provide the scientific basis for selecting good breeds of S. japonica in Guangxi.关键词：Guangxi Sophora japonica;germplasm resource;investigation;selecting
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the chemical constituents of the methylene chloride and ethyl acetate extract of Saposhnikovia Radix. Method: The activity of anti-HSV-1 was screened by CPE method with Vero-HSV-1 (F), RD-EV71 and Vero-RSV in vitro infection models and the compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, gel column chromatography, HPLC preparation and recrystallization. The structures were elucidated by the physical and chemical properties, MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Result: The 11 compounds were isolated and their structures were identified asglyceroylmonopalmitate(1),2-butoxyethyl linoleate(2), 3'(R)-(+)-hamaudol(3), (-)-marmesin(4), (6Z,9Z)-heptadecadiene(5), 32,33,34-trimethyl-bacteriohopan-16-ene 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6), sec-O-glucosylhamaudol(7), vanillic acid(8),cimifugin(9),noreugenin(10) andumbelliferone(11). Conclusion: Compounds 2,5, 6 and 10 were isolated from the genus for the first time.关键词：Saposhnikovia Radix;chemical constituents;structure identification
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the optimal extraction procedures of soluble components (water-soluble and liposoluble components) of Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum, and analyze their content variations by using Chinese deer antlers. Method: The optimal extraction method of the water-soluble components was obtained by comparing three different fragmentation methods (ultrasonic extraction method, bullet blender cell and tissue fragmentation method and Jingxin tissue and cell grind extraction method) coupled with gel filtration chromatography (GFC). The more suitable measurement method for liposoluble components was determined by comparing two pre-treatment methods (105 ℃ drying method and 24 h freeze-drying method) coupled with soxhlet extraction. Finally, an optimal extraction project was adopted to measure the soluble components between the tip and basal portions of sika deer two-branch antlers, sika deer three-branch antlers and wapiti antlers. Result: The highest extraction efficiency of water-soluble components in Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum was obtained when Bullet Blender cell and tissue fragmentation method was used and the parameter was set at third grade, 3 mins for 3 times. The extraction of liposoluble components was stable when 105 ℃ drying method was used, and the relative deviation was less than 5%. The contents of soluble components in the tip and basal portions of different kinds of antlers were 36.06% and 8.30% for sika deer two-branch antlers; 34.54% and 7.20% for sika deer three-branch antlers; 32.42% and 3.91% for wapiti antlers. Conclusion: We successfully determined the best extraction methods for water-soluble and liposoluble components in velvet antlers, and found that the soluble components of different kinds of deer antlers in the tip portions were significantly higher than those in the basal portions. The results showed a descending trend in sika deer two-branch antlers, sika deer three-branch antlers and wapiti antlers as well, but the differences were not significant.关键词：Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum;water-soluble component;gel filtration chromatography;liposoluble component;content diversity
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyze and evaluate the quality of agarwood from different areas. Method: The method in 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia was used to determine the content of alcohol soluble extractives in samples. HPLC analysis was performed to determine agarotetrol on a Altima C18 (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm), with acetonitrile (A)-0.1% formic acid solution (B) as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.7 mL·min-1; the detection wavelength was set at 252 nm; and the column temperature was 30 ℃. Then the quality classification of agarwood was discussed through the content of the alcohol soluble extractives and agarotetrol. Result: The sample volume showed good linear relationship with area under the peak curve within the range of 2.0-750.0 μg (r=0.999 6) for agarotetrol. The average recovery was 102.1%, and the RSD was 2.8%. The mass fraction of agarotetrol was 0.10%-6.60% in 52 kinds of agarwood, and the mass fraction of alcohol soluble extractives was 6.07%-57.06%. The alcohol soluble extractives had no correlation with aroma forming method and sources, but the content of agarotetrol had certain correlation with aroma forming method and sources. The average mass fraction of agarotetrol was 0.67% and 0.15% respectively in artificial and natural Aquilaria sinensis agarwood, with significant difference (P<0.01); natural A. malaccensis agarwood (2.57%) was different from natural A. crassna agarwood (0.70%) (P<0.05), with significant difference with natural A. sinensis agarwood (0.15%) (P<0.01). Conclusion: Quality classification of agarwood according to the agarotetrol content has certain rationality and feasibility.关键词：Agarwood;agarotetrol;aroma forming method;sources;quality;classification
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish the content determination method of 11 heavy metals in Alstonia scholaris leaves, oleanolic, ursolic acid content determination methods and HPLC fingerprint, and explore the heavy metals content and overall quality of the A. scholaris leaves in order to provide the reference for the harvest of medicinal material. Method: All the samples were divided into two groups: S1-S12 were from different plantations, and S13-S22 were collected from different streets greening. ICP-MS was used to determinate the content of heavy metals, and HPLC fingerprint combined with similarity evaluation and principal component analysis was used to evaluate overall quality variation of two groups of samples. Result: Except Se and Hg in few samples, all the other metals were detected in which the content of Fe and Mn was higher and the content of As, Se, Pb was lower. Hg element was detected in street green samples with the average of 0.1 μg·g-1 but lower than the limit of detection in plantation samples. The content RSD of As and Se in plantation samples was more than 120%, and Cr and Ni content RSD was higher than 60%. Contents RSD of Cr,Mn, Fe, Ni, As and Se in road greening samples was higher than 70%, and such variation was bigger than that in the plantation samples. RSD of Cu, Se and Pb was equivalent in two groups. The contents of Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu and As in 22 samples were not beyond the standard according to the requirements in Foreign Trade and Economic Standards of Medicinal Plants and Preparations (WM/T2-2004). However, these toxic heavy metals in the road greening samples showed an increasing trend. 16 common peaks were marked in plantation samples and the fingerprint of street greening samples had marked 13 common peaks. Two groups of samples had significant differences in chromatographic peak number and absorbance. The similarity was higher in plantation samples, > 0.95 except for S1, S4 and S11; the similarity was lower in greening samples, only S18 >0.9, with discrete distribution between 0.557-0.895 for the remaining samples. 12 common peaks were marked in two groups, and the common peaks areas of plantation samples were larger, with RSD of common peaks areas less than that in greening ones. The results of PCA revealed that two group samples were separated in two parts. Conclusion: The results indicated that heavy metals contents and the content variation in the samples from street greening were increased as compared with the samples from plantations, and at the same time, their chemical compositions and contents were relatively lower. In order to ensure drugs safety and clinical efficacy, it is suggested that the A. scholaris leaves from road greening shall not be used as a source of Dai medicine.关键词：Dai medicine;Alstonia scholaris leaves;heavy metals;fingerprint;quality evaluation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To improve the quality standard of Psoraleae Fructus, solve the problem of lacking relevant reference substance, and establish a content determination method for 7 compounds in Psoraleae Fructus decoration piece based on the standard reference extract. Method: HPLC was performed on Thermo-C18 endcapped column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), with water-methanol-acetonitrile system as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The column temperature was 30 ℃; the injection volume was 10 μL, and the detection wavelength was set at 254 nm. Self-prepared reference extracts of Psoraleae Fructus was used for determining the contents of psorale, isopsorale, psoralidin, corylifolinin, bavachinin and bakuchiol; then the contents of the 7 components in 12 batches of Psoraleae Fructus decoration piece were determined and compared with the experimental results obtained with the reference substance determination method. Result: The seven markers including psorale, isopsorale, psoralidin, corylifolinin, bavachinin and bakuchiol, reached baseline separation and showed good linearity. Their average recovery rate was 97.4%, 98.8%, 99.6%, 102%, 99.6%, 98.0%, 103% and RSDs of seven compounds were all no more than 2.8%. The reference extraction determination method showed high precision, stability and reproducibility, and there was no significant difference with the results of reference substance determination method. Conclusion: The reference extraction determination method was simple, and can be used for the contents determination of 7 compounds in Psoraleae Fructus decoration piece.关键词：Psoraleae Fructus;standard reference extract;HPLC
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the chemical compositions and biological activity of the essential oil from the leaves of Mentha piperita,and lay foundation for further development and utilization of M. piperita. Method: The essential oil was obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction assay; its chemical compositions were analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method; then their antioxidant activity and biological toxicity were evaluated by DPPH method and artemia respectively. In addition, disk-diffusion method and Artemia aegypti larval poisoning method were used to evaluate their antimicrobial activity and insecticidal activity. Result: the essential oil yield was 0.089% in the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction assay, and 11 chemical compositions were identified, accounting for 93.0% of the total essential oil amount. Linalool content accounted for 49.9% of the total essential oil amount, so it was considered as the main composition. The IC50 was 0.45 g·L-1 for DPPH, 526.0 mg·L-1 for Artemia. When the concentration of essential oil was 10 g·L-1,its inhibition zone was (9±1)mm against E. Coli, but had no significant effect on Staphylococcus aureus; its LC50 was 339.6 mg·L-1 for A. aegypti. Conclusion: Essential oil from leaves of M. piperita showed certain inhibition effect on Escherichia coli., with weak antioxidant and insecticidal activities, so it was not suitable for development as insecticides; in addition, the essential oil from the leaves of M. piperita showed weak biotoxicity, providing scientific basis for development and utilization of M. piperita in this study.关键词：leaves of Mentha piperita;essential oil;antioxidant activity;biotoxicity;antimicrobial activity;larvicide
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyze and identify the alkaloids chemical constituents from the Menispermi Rhizoma by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Method: Welch C18 reverse phase column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7μm) was adopted, with 0.1% ammonia solution (A)-acetonitrile (B) as the mobile phase for gradient elution.The flow rate was 0.3 mL·min-1; column temperature was 40 ℃; and the injection volume was 2 μL. ESI ion source was used as mass spectra, and the data were collected in the positive mode.The mass scanning range was between m/z 50-1 250.By using the target compound screening method in the mass spectrometry analysis software, the chemical components were identified according to retention time, accurate relative molecular mass and second mass spectrum fragmentation. Result: Under the optimized LC-MS condition, 37 alkaloids compounds were identified based on the database of Scifinder,control substances and related references, including bis-benzyl isoquinoline compounds, apomorphine and isooxyphene oxide compounds, and monobenzylisoquinolines, et al. Conclusion: Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS technology, relative molecular mass and fragmentation data determined by high performance liquid chromatography, as well as literature analysis, could rapidly and accurately identify the chemical components of Menispermi Rhizoma. This study could provide powerful evidences for further studying the pharmacodynamics material basis of Menispermi Rhizoma.关键词：Menispermi Rhizoma;UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS;alkaloids
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To determine the inhibitory effect of norcantharidin (NCTD) on the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 72 cell lines of 12 major human cancers, in order to provide an index for growth inhibition effect. Method: The inhibitory effect of norcantharidin (NTCD) was determined by measuring and observing the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for individual cell lines using an IncuCyteTM ZOOM-based proliferation assay. Briefly, cells of individual lines at defined densities were treated with norcantharidin at various concentration, and their relative growth rates were assessed by measuring the relative cell densities once every 3 hours for 72 hours. In addition, digital images were captured at each time point and recorded. Result: The IC50 of NCTD for the 72 cancer cell lines varied considerably, ranging from 2 to 66 μmol·L-1, with an overall median value of (24.63±12.97) μmol·L-1. Among the 12 cancer cell lines, the mean IC50 of NCTD for two liver cancers (hepatocellular carcinoma cholangiocarcinoma), gastric cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia, central nervous system cancer, renal cancer were lower than the overall mean value. Also, significant differences among various cancer types and individuals with the same cancer were evident. Conclusion: There are remarkable differences in sensitivity towards NCTD among various cancer types and individuals with the same cancer, indicating the individualized sensitive nature of NTCD and the great future prospect for the development of individualized therapies with NTCD. Many cancers show a similar mean IC50 of NCTD with hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric cancers, for which NTCD is effective clinically, suggesting that NTCD could also be effective for all of these cancers.关键词：norcantharidin;half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50);cancer cells line;cell growth status;individualized therapy
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of cantharidin on proliferation, apoptosis and MAPK signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Method: IncuCyteTM ZOOM-based proliferation assay and clonogenic assay were used to assess the inhibitory effect of cantharidin (CTD) on HepG2 cells. Flow cytometry was used to define the effect of CTD on apoptosis. Western blot was used to monitor the changes in Caspase-3, poly adeno-sine diphosphate ribose polymerase (PARP), extraeellular-signalregulatedki-nase (ERK1/2) and proteinkinase B (Akt) phosphorylation after CTD treatment. Finally, ERK1/2 inhibitor (PD98059), and Akt inhibitor (Wortmannin) were used to assess the potential effect of ERK1/2 and Akt on the inhibitory and/or pro-apoptotic effect of CTD. Result: CTD at 2.5 μmol·L-1 significantly inhibited the growth of HepG2, but did not significantly affect cell survival. However, CTD at 5 μmol·L-1 resulted in not only most a complete inhibitory effect on growth, but also a significant apoptosis rate (40.4%). Western blot result showed that 5 μmol·L-1 of CTD decreased pro Caspase-3 expression and increased cleaved PARP expression in HepG2.Besides, CTD promoted the phosphorylation of ERK, but not Akt. Conclusion: CTD exhibited a potent growth inhibitory (cytostatic) effect at 2.5 μmol·L-1, but could show a strong pro-apoptotic (cytotoxic) effect at 5 μmol·L-1 for HepG2 cells. Therefore, the study reveals a potent cytostatic effect of CTD and a certain cytotoxic potency, suggesting that the cytostatic effect is an important anticancer mechanism.关键词：cantharidin;HepG2;proliferation;apoptosis;cytostatic;cytotoxic
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To compare the toxicities and organ injuries of cantharidin and norcantharidin in mice. Method: Balb/c mice were treated with cantharidin or norcantharidin at different doses for two weeks to determine their median lethal dose (LD50) by the probability unit regression analysis method. Other mice were treated with 1/2 LD50 of the respective drugs for 2 weeks. At the end of the treatment, tissue samples from livers, intestines, kidneys and bladders were collected for pathological analyses. Result: LD50 of cantharidin and norcanditharidin were 2.045 and 20.966 mg·kg-1. Norcantharidin caused significant increases in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and rea nitrogen (BUN). Norcantharidin caused inflammatory cell infiltration and sponge-like change in liver, and injuries in glomeruli and renal tubules. Cantharidin led to increases in intestinal lymph nodes and lobulation in the intestine, vascular, bladder and mucosa inflammations. Conclusion: Treatments with 1/2 LD50 dose of norcantharidin and cantharidin led to distinct organ/tissue-specific injuries in mice. Norcantharidin caused severe injuries in liver and kidney, while cantharidin led to severer injuries in intestinal and bladder than norcantharidin.关键词：cantharidin;norcantharidin;acute toxicity;hepatorenal toxicity;bladder toxicity
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of Cyclocarya paliurus saponin (CPS) on FFA-induced H4-ⅡE in hepatic cells. Method: FFA-induced H4-ⅡE liver cells of rat were cultivated for 72 h, and then exposed to various concentrations of CPS (0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40 g·L-1), and their viability was measured by Neutral red. According to the results of CPS cell activity, these cells were treated in the low-dose group (CPS-L, 0.10 g·L-1) and the high-dose group (CPS-H, 0.20 g·L-1), Oile red staining was performed to determine lipid content in the cells. After treatment of the cells for 2 h, mRNA levels were measured by Real-time PCR, while phosphorylation levels of target proteins were detected by Western blot after treatment for 30 min. Result: It was found that the cell viability indexes in the cells intervened by 0.10, 0.20 g·L-1 CPS increased significantly, compared with normal group (P<0.05). After treatment for 72 h, Oile red staining showed that FFA (20 μmol·L-1)-induced cells contained a large number of red lipid droplets, and lipid content increased significantly (P<0.01). However, after treatment CPS, red lipid droplets decreased, and lipid content significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). After intervention with CPS, phosphorylation levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and acetylcoacarboxylase (ACC) in CPS-L and CPS-H groups were higher than those in control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). And sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) mRNA expressions in CPS-L and CPS-H groups increased, compared with control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: CPS can play a significant role in reducing FFA-induced lipid deposition in liver cells in vitro; The mechanism may be correlated with up-regulation of AMPK, ACC protein and phosphorylation levels, and down-regulation of SREBP1c, FAS mRNA expressions.关键词：cyclocarya paliurus saponin (CPS);lipid deposition;mitogen-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/acetylcoacarboxylase (ACC);sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c)/fatty acid synthase (FAS)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the protective effect of oxymatrine(OMT) on cardiac myocytes injure induced by aldosterone and explore its mechanism. Method: The cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats were isolated and purified by trypsin digestion and differential adherence method for culture, and then 1×10-5mol·L-1 ALD was used to establish myocardial injury models. The experiment was divided into blank group, model group (1×10-5mol·L-1 ALD), ALD+OMT high dose group (3.78×10-4 mol·L-1), ALD+OMT low dose group (1.89×10-4 mol·L-1), ALD+JNK inhibitor group (JNK I, 5×10-6mol·L-1), ALD+Aspirin group (Asp, 1×10-5 mol·L-1). That is to say, in OMT, JNK inhibitor and Aspirin groups, after pre-treatment with corresponding medicines for 2 h, ALD with the final concentration of 1×10-5 mol·L-1 was added for co-incubation for 24 h. Then MTT assay was used to detect the cell survival rate; the morphological changes of cardiac myocytes were observed by Giemsa staining; Western blot and Real-time PCR were used to analyze the effect of OMT on the protein and mRNA expression of JNK and p-JNK. Result: As compared with the blank group, ALD significantly reduced the survival rate of cardiac myocytes(P<0.01) and changed the cell morphology; OMT could reverse the decrease in survival rate of cardiac myocytes(P<0.01) and restore the cells to normal form; Western blot showed that ALD could increase the phosphorylation of JNK (P<0.01), while the expression of p-JNK was significantly down-regulated after pre-incubated with OMT as compared with ALD group (P<0.01). Real-time PCR results showed that the expression of JNK mRNA in ALD group was higher than that in normal control group (P<0.01), however no significant change of gene expression was observed in OMT group. Conclusion: OMT had protective effect on ALD-induced cardiac myocytes injury, and its mechanism may be closely related to inhibiting JNK protein phosphorylation.关键词：oxymatrine;aldosterone;cardiac myocytes injury;MAPK signaling pathway;phosphorylation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Huangqisan and its disassembled recipes on insulin resistance and mRNA and protein expression levels of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase typem 1(11β-HSD1), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in type 2 diabetic rats induced by glucocorticoid and high fat diet. Method: The study was performed after the rats received adaptive feeding for 1 week. Rats were randomly divided into normal control group(CD), glucocorticoid group(GC), high fat diet group(HFD) and combined model group(HFD+GC), rosiglitazone group(Ros), Huangqisan prescription 1 group(HQS-1, 2.91 g·kg-1), Huangqisan prescription 2 group(HQS-2, 3.85 g·kg-1), and Huangqisan original prescription group(HQS, 2.96 g·kg-1), 8 rats in each group. The rats in CD and GC groups were fed with basic diet, and other groups were fed with high-fat diet. The rats in CD and HFD groups were given with the same volume of normal saline, and the rats in other groups were given with prednisolone acetate (3.5 mg·kg-1) by intragasic administration once a day, and then the corresponding testing drugs were given one hour later by intragasic administration. After intervention by drugs for 10 weeks, fasting blood glucose(FBG), insulin levels and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) of all rats were measured. The liver pathological changes were observed by HE staining; and the mRNA and protein expression levels of 11β-HSD1 and PEPCK in liver issues were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blot methods. Result: As compared with CD group, the rats in HFD+GC model group showed hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hepatocyte degeneration, and increased expression of 11β-HSD1 and PEPCK(P<0.01), and pathological examination showed that the pathological changes of liver tissues were obvious. As compared with HFD+GC model group, each treatment group could decrease FPG and insulin levels, increase ISI to some degree, and also improve pathological morphology to some degree. The effect of HQS original prescription on insulin level and pathological morphology was superior to other groups. In addition, HQS and its disassembled recipes could reduce 11β-HSD1 and PEPCK mRNA and protein expression levels to different degrees(P<0.05, P<0.01), and the effect of Huangqisan original prescription was still superior to other groups. Conclusion: HQS could enhance insulin sensitivity and improve liver pathology, and its mechanism for preventing and treating diabetes and improving insulin resistance was probably related to reducing 11β-HSD1 mRNA and proteins expression levels.关键词：Huangqisan;type 2 diabetic;insulin resistance;11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase typem 1(11β-HSD1)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the protective effects of essential oil from Alpinia zerumbet rhizome(EOFAZ) on oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) injury. Method: HAECs were subcultured in vitro, and the experiment on EOFAZ protective effect was randomly divided into 7 groups as following: blank control group (serum free ECM), model group (ox-LDL, 200 mg·L-1 ox-LDL), EOFAZ high dose group (200 mg·L-1 ox-LDL+100 μg·L-1 EOFAZ), EOFAZ low dose group (200 mg·L-1 ox-LDL+10 μg·L-1 EOFAZ), Aspirin group (200 mg·L-1 ox-LDL+2.5 × 10-4 mol·L-1 Aspirin), Carvedilol group (200 mg·L-1 ox-LDL+1×10-6mol·L-1 Carvedilol), and Atorvastatin Calcium group (200 mg·L-1 ox-LDL+1×10-6mol·L-1 Atorvastatin Calcium). Experiment on NOS signals was divided into 5 groups as following: blank control group (serum free ECM), model group (ox-LDL, 200 mg·L-1 ox-LDL), EOFAZ group (200 mg·L-1 ox-LDL+100 μg·L-1 EOFAZ), NOS inhibitor group (200 mg·L-1 ox-LDL+100 μmol·L-1 L-NAMEor 300 μmol·L-1 L-NMMA), and EOFAZ+NOS inhibitor group(200 mg·L-1 ox-LDL+100 μg·L-1 EOFAZ+100 μmol·L-1 L-NAME or 300 μmol·L-1 L-NMMA). 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide(MTT) method was used to analyze the cell survival ratio; lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity and nitric oxide(NO) content in culture supernatant were determined by enzyme labelling method and Griess kit method. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) activities were determined by chemical methods. Quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of iNOS and eNOS. Result: MTT results showed that EOFAZ could significantly improve the survival rate of ox-LDL-induced injury HAECs, inhibit the increase of LDH and iNOS activity as compared with the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01), and simultaneously increase the release of NO and eNOS in medium(P<0.05, P<0.01). Real-time PCR analysis indicated that EOFAZ and related inhibitors could down-regulate iNOS mRNA expression (P<0.05, P<0.01) and up-regulate eNOS mRNA expression (P<0.05). Conclusion: EOFAZ could protect against HAECs injury induced by ox-LDL, and this mechanism was associated with regulating eNOS and iNOS expression.关键词：essential oil from Alpinia zerumbet rhizome;oxidized low density lipoprotein;human aortic endothelial cells;nitric oxide synthase;nitric oxide
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the protective mechanism of resveratrol on atherosclerosis through regulating stromal interaction molecule 1(STIM1). Method: Atherosclerosis (AS) model was established by high-fat diet after ovariectomy in female apoE-/- mice, and then the mice were divided into normal control group, model group, resveratrol low, middle and high dose groups(50,100,150 mg·kg-1) and estradiol (E2) group. The lipid levels in the serum were detected. The changes of morphology in thoracic aorta were measured by oil Red O staining; the protein expression levels of STIM1, calcium release-activated calcium channel modulator 1(Orai1) and estrogen receptor α (ERα) in thoracic aorta were detected by Western blot; and the STIM1 and Orai1 mRNA expression levels were detected by Real-time PCR. Result: As compared with the normal group, the levels of total cholesterol(CHOL), triglyceride(TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly increased, while the level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was decreased significantly (P<0.05) in model group; the levels of CHOL, TG and LDL-C were significantly decreased and the content of HDL-C was increased after the administration of resveratrol and estrogen (P<0.05). Oil red O staining showed that in normal control group, the vascular structure was integrated, clear, and the intima was continuous; in model group, the intima was obviously thick, with visible lipid plaques; while after treatment with resveratrol or estrogen, the thickness of intima and lipid plaques were reduced. Western blot and Real-time PCR results showed that as compared with the normal group, STIM1, Orai1 protein and mRNA expression levels were increased in model group model group (P<0.05), and were decreased after treatment with resveratrol or estrogen (P<0.05). In addition, ERα expression was increased after treatment with resveratrol or estrogen as compared with the model group. Conclusion: Resveratrol could delay the AS by up-regulating ERα, down-regulating the expression of STIM1 and Orai1 and inhibiting Ca2+ influx via SOCE.关键词：resveratrol;stromal interaction molecule 1(STIM1);calcium release-activated calcium channel modulator 1(Orai1);atherosclerosis;estrogen receptor α(ERα)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To research the preventive effect and mechanism of Coptidis Rhizoma and Zingiberis Rhizoma(CRZR) in dextran sulphate sodium salt (DSS)-induced colitis model. Method: Totally 45 C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to blank control group (normal mice, n=9), model group (colitis mice, n=9), CRZR low dose group (1.2 mg·kg-1, n=9), CRZR middle dose group (2.4 mg·kg-1, n=9) and CRZR high dose group (4.8 mg·kg-1, n=9). After preventive treatment in CRZR groups by intragastric administration for 7 days (same volume of normal saline in normal group and model group), free drinking of 3%DSS solution was given in model group and Chinese medicine group for 6 days and the tap water was given in normal group. The body weights, stool consistency, and blood in the stool were monitored every day to calculate the disease activity index (DAI). The mice were sacrificed on day 7, and the colons (from the ileocecal junction to the anal verge) were removed and the length was measured. htoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of colon and the histopathological scores were recorded; enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in plasma of mice; Western blot was used to detect JAK2 and STAT3 protein phosphorylation levels in colonic epithelial cells; and confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to detect the phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) expression level in colonic tissues. Result: DSS-induced model mice had an increased DAI score and decreased colon length as compared with the normal mice. CRZR low dose group had obviously lower DAI scores on day 2, 4, 6 and longer colon length as compared with the model group; CRZR middle dose group had lower DAI scores except day 4 and longer colon length as compared with the model group; CRZR high dose group had lower DAI scores from day 2 to end of the experiment and longer colon length as compared with the model group (P<0.05). HE staining showed that the inflammatory injury in the model group was significantly more severe than that in the normal group, and the inflammatory injury in CRZR groups was significantly milder than that in model group; the pathological score in model group was significantly higher than that in normal group (P<0.01), and the pathological scores in CRZR middle dose and high dose groups were significantly lower than that in the model group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in plasma of model group were significantly higher than those in normal group (P<0.01), and the levels in CRZR groups were significantly lower than those in model group (P<0.01). JAK2 and STAT3 protein activation levels in colonic tissues in model group were significantly higher than those in normal group (P<0.01), and the levels in CRZR groups were lower than those in model group (P<0.01, P<0.05). Conclusion: These results indicated that CRZR may prevent DSS-induced colitis and colonic inflammation by inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.关键词：colitis;dextran sulphate sodium salt (DSS);Coptidis Rhizoma and Zingiberis Rhizoma;preventive effect
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the protective effect of compound Suozixie capsule(CSC) on gastric mucosal injury in 4 kinds of experimental rat models with gastric ulcer, investigate the effects of CSC on levels of epidermal growth factor(EGF), transforming growth factor-α(TGF-α) and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) protein expression in serum and gastric tissues of rats with chronic gastric ulcer, and conduct preliminary exploration of its mechanism. Method: SD gastric ulcer model rats were induced by restraint water-immersion stress, indomethacin, pylorus ligating and acetic acid immersion respectively. Rats were divided into 5 groups randomly: normal control group, model control group, CSC low-dose group(2.07 g·kg-1), medium-dose group (4.14 g·kg-1), large-dose group (8.28 g·kg-1), and positive control group (famotidine 7.2 mg·kg-1). The rats in normal control group and model control group were given with pure water (15 mL·kg-1) by intragastric administration, and all the rats received intragastric administration of corresponding medicines for 14 days. Then the ulcer area and inhibition percentage were detected for all he rats in each group, and the protein expressions of EGF, TGF-α and EGFR in gastric tissues of acetic acid immersion model rats were determined by immunohistochemical staining. Result: As compared with the normal group, ulcer area was significantly increased in 4 kinds of model rats(P<0.01); as compared with the model group, CSC could significantly reduce the gastric ulcer area in four kinds of models(P<0.05,P<0.01), inhibit the ulcer injury rate, and significantly increase the levels of EGF, TGF-α and EGFR protein expression in serum and gastric tissues(P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion: The CSC had preventive effect on acute gastric ulcer models of stress-restrain, indomethacin, and pylorus ligating, and had therapeutic effect on chronic gastric ulcer model of acetic acid. Its anti-chronic gastric ulcer effect was associated with increasing the levels of EGF, TGF-α and EGFR protein expression in serum and gastric tissues.关键词：compound Suozixie capsule;gastric ulcer;experimental rat model;Epidermal Growth Factor;epidermal growth factor receptor;transforming growth factor-α
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of Mugua Kusang tablets on blood glucose, lipid, function of liver, kidney and pancreas issues in type 2 diabetes rats induced by high sucrose/high fat diet combined wih low dose streptozotocin(STZ). Method: Diabetes model was induced by feeding with high sucrose/high fat diet for 4 weeks and STZ at dose of 45 mg·kg-1 injection in male SD rats, then the successfully modeled rats were divided randomly into the model group, metformin group (285 mg·kg-1), and Mugua Kusang tablets high dose, medium dose and low dose groups (2 600, 1 300, 650 mg·kg-1). Another 10 normal rats were assigned as the normal control group, n=10 in each group. Intragastric administration was given once a day for 4 weeks, and 24 h urine volume, water intake, and food intake were recorded for all rats. Then the levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG), insulin(INS), catalase(CAT), superoxide dismutase(SOD), methane dicarboxylic aldehyde(MDA), nitric oxide(NO), serum total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase(AST), aspartate transaminase(ALT), creatine kinase(CK), creatinine(Cr) and urea nitrogen(BUN) were measured, and pancreatic structural change was observed by htoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. Result: As compared to the normal control group, the levels of food-intake, water-intake, urine volume, FBG, INS, MDA, NO, LDL-C, TC, TG, AST, ALT, BUN,CK and Cr were increased, while levels of CAT, SOD and HDL-C were decreased in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared to the model group, the levels of food-intake, water-intake, urine volume, FBG, INS, MDA, NO, LDL-C, TC, TG, AST, ALT, BUN, CK and Cr were decreased, while the levels of CAT, SOD and HDL-C were increased in all treatment groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). As compared to the normal control group, islet cells count was decreased, with a disordered arrangement and darker color in model group, and the boundaries were indistinct between the intercellular substance and cells. As compared to the model group, the islet cells count was increased in ordered arrangement and regular forms and structures in various treatment groups. Conclusion: Mugua Kusang tablets can significantly decrease blood glucose and serum lipid, enhance the body's antioxidant injury ability, significantly improve the hepatorenal function, and maintain the normal structure and function of the islet.关键词：Mugua Kusang tablets;type 2 diabetes;blood glucose;pancreas;antioxidant
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the curative effect of Gandouling tablet in the treatment of Wilson's disease (WD) with intermin-gled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome. Method: Totally 76 WD patients with intermin-gled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome were randomly divided into the control group (38 cases) and the observation group (38 cases). The control group was given routine western medicine therapy, including dimercaptopropansulfonate sodium (DMPS) and zinc sulfate tablets. The observation group was given Gandouling tablet in addition to the therapy of control group. The curative effect was observed after 6 treatment courses. indexes such as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, improved Goldstein classification, 24-hour urine copper (u-Cu), ceruloplasmin (CP) and plasma copper (p-Cu) were recorded, the level of non-ceruloplasmin plasma copper (nCP-Cu) were calculated, and the blood cell counts, liver function and blood coagulation were detected before treatment and after treatment. Result: The TCM syndrome effective rates of control group and observation group were 60.53%and 81.58%, respectively, with a significant difference between two groups (P<0.01). The clinical effective rates of the control group and the observation group were 73.68% and 84.21%, respectively, with a significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). The nCP-Cu decreased in both groups (P<0.05), while the u-Cu increased in both groups (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between two groups. After treatment, total bilirubin (TBIL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) decreased in both groups (P<0.01), particularly in observation group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Gandouling tablet can significantly regulate TCM syndrome, clinical efficacy and liver function in patients with WD with intermin-gled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome.关键词：Gandouling Tablet;Wilson's disease;intermin-gled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome;DMPS;24-hour urine copper;non-ceruloplasmin plasma copper;liver function
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of Sanbitang recipe in treating lumbar disc Herniation (LDH) case with cold-dampness syndromeand its safety. Method: A total of 192 cases with cold-dampness syndrome were randomly divided into the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) group,the western medicine group and the traditional Chinese and western medicine group, with 64 cases in each group. The TCM group was treated with Sanbitang. Etoricoxib tablets were applied in the western medicine group. Sanbitang and etoricoxib tablets were adopted in the traditional Chinese and western medicine group.One course of treatment was 28 d. Meliorate-Japanese orthopaedic association (M-JOA),oswestry disability index (ODI), visual analogue scale (VAS) and TCM cold-dampness syndrome score (TCM syndrome score) were analyzed to estimate the efficacy of three group before and after treatment.Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukins-β(1L-1β),C-reactive protein (CRP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected.The efficient rates and adverse event rates among three groups were compared. Result: The total effective rate of the Chinese and western medicine group was 95.1%, which was better than TCM group (79.4%) and the chemical medicine group (82.3%, P<0.05). After treatment, as for the score of radiotherapy, the traditional Chinese and western medicine group and the TCM group were better than western medicine group (P<0.05). Regarding the other symptoms, the traditional Chinese and western medicine group showed more significant alleviations (P<0.05). The adverse event rate of the TCM group was the lowest among three groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Modified Sanbitang is effective in treating LDH caseswith cold-dampness syndrome.To compare with western medicine Etoricoxib tablets, it shows no obvious difference and fewer adverse events.Sanbitang recipe shows a remarkable efficacy in treating LDH caseswith cold-dampness syndrome.关键词：Sanbitang;Etoricoxib tablets;cold-dampness syndrome;lumbar disc herniation(LDH);C-reactive protein
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of Ovateleaf Holly Bark decoction combined with DP chemotherapy (docetaxel+cisplatin) in treatment of advanced (Ⅲb-Ⅳ) non-small cell lung cancer. Method: A total of 120 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group (60 cases) was given Ovateleaf Holly Bark decoction combined with DP chemotherapy regimen, while the control group (60 cases) received chemotherapy alone. Clinical efficacy, immune function, quality of life, survival and adverse reactions were compared between two groups. Result: In terms of the short-term clinical efficacy, the total effective rate and the disease control rate of treatment group were better than those of control group, especially in the disease control rate (P<0.05). Regarding the immune function, levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ in treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.01). Two groups showed decreases in serum interleukin-2 receptor (SIL-2R), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels (P< 0.01). As for the quality of life, after treatment, specific situations of lung cancer, social(family) functions and total score of the treatment group were better than those of control group (P<0.05, P< 0.01). With respect to the survival, the mean progression free survival(PFS)(4.45 months) in treatment group was higher than that in control group (3.40 months). The one-year survival rate of treatment group (56.67%) was higher than that of control group (30.00% )(P< 0.05). In terms of the adverse reaction, the treatment group was superior to control group in the Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree of bone marrow, gastrointestinal reactions and peripheral nerve toxicity, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ovateleaf Holly Bark decoction combined with DP regimen can improve the clinical efficiency and the immune function of patients with advanced NSCLC, improve their quality of life, prolong their survival time and reduce the adverse reactions of chemotherapy.关键词：Ovateleaf Holly Bark decoction;non-small cell lung cancer;docetaxel combined with cisplatin regimen;clinical efficacy evaluation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyze the effect of Danshenyin on gastrointestinal inhibition and immune index of patients with bladder cancer after chemotherapy and its action mechanism. Method: A total of 140 patients with bladder cancer were included in the study. All of the patients received chemotherapy. Among them, 70 patients were selected to take Danshenyin during chemotherapy (observation group), while the remaining patients were control group. Proportion of gastrointestinal inhibition, cellular immunity, humoral immunity, natural killer (NK) and serum-related factor level were compared before and after chemotherapy. Result: Within 24 hours after chemotherapy, the proportion of Ⅲ-Ⅳ of control group were higher than that of observation group (P<0.05). The proportion of level 0 of control group was lower than that of observation group (P<0.05). Within 72 hours after chemotherapy, the proportion of level 0 of observation group was still higher than that of control group, and the proportions of Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅲ-Ⅳ were lower than those of the control group. After chemotherapy, CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ levels of two groups were lower than those before chemotherapy (P<0.05). CD8+ level was higher than that before chemotherapy (P<0.05). CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ levels of observation group were better than those of control group (P<0.05). After chemotherapy, immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels of two groups were lower than those before chemotherapy (P<0.05). After chemotherapy, NK level of two groups was lower than that before chemotherapy (P<0.05). The observation group decreased less than control group (P<0.05). Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels of the observation group were lower than those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: During chemotherapy, Danshenyin can effectively reduce gastrointestinal inhibition and adjust immune function.关键词：Danshenyin;chemotherapy;bladder cancer;gastrointestinal inhibition;immune function
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Shenluotong decoction for chronic glomerulonephritis with Qi and blood stasis and to discuss its mechanism from anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis factors. Method: One hundred and forty patients with chronic glomerulonephritis were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table. In control group, the patients received dipyridamole tablets, 50 mg/time, 3 times/day, benazepril hydrochloride tablets, 10 mg/time, 1 time/day. For patients with dyslipidemia, added atorvastatin calcium tablets, 20 mg/time, 1 time/day after supper by oral administration. Based on the treatment of control group, patients in observation group added Shenluotong decoction formulation granules, 1 dose/day. The treatment course was 16 weeks in both groups. 24 hours' urinary protein quantification (24 h UPR), serum albumin, creatinine (SCr), urea nitrogen (Bun), urine routine examination were recorded. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated. And the scores of Qi and blood stasis were graded. Before and after treatment, levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β , type Ⅰ Pre-collagen(PC Ⅰ), type Ⅲ Pre-collagen (PC Ⅲ), hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), transforming growth factor-β 1(TGF-β 1), matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TMP-1) were detected. Result: The clinical effective rate in observation group was 87.69%, higher than 73.02% in control group(χ2=4.384,P<0.05), and the total effective rate for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome was 90.77% in observation group, higher than 74.6% in control group(χ2=5.874,P<0.05). Levels of 24 h UPR, SCr, BUN and Urinary red blood cells in observation group were lower than those in control group, and level of serum albumin was higher than that in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01) after treatment. As compared with the data before treatment, GFR was increased (P<0.01), in observation group after treatment, and it was higher than that in control group (P<0.01). Levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β and PC Ⅰ, PC Ⅲ, HA and LN and TGF-β 1 and TMP-1 in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01), and MMP-9 and MMP-9/TMP-1 ratio were higher than those in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion: Shenluotong decoction formulation granules can relieve proteinuria and clinical symptoms, ameliorate renal function, improve serum albumin, increase disease efficacy and TCM syndrome effect in the patients with chronic glomerulonephritis with Qi and blood stasis, and its mechanism may be associated with reducing the inflammatory response, regulating levels of TGF-β 1, MMP-9 and TMP-1, and inhibiting renal fibrosis.关键词：chronic glomerulonephritis;Qi and blood stasis;Shenluotong decoction;inflammatory;renal fibrosis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To compare the effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound and western medicine in treating diabetic retinopathy by Meta-analysis. Method: According to pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in high blood sugar, blood vessel endothelial cell dysfunction, growth factors, changes in blood rheology and inflammation, clinical research literatures for treatment of diabetic retinopathy were collected and screened according to the literature selection criteria, in order to compare the effects of TCM and western medicine on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), endothelin (ET) and nitric oxide (NO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), whole blood viscosity (high shear), whole blood viscosity (low shear), plasma viscosity, fundus change, vision and TCM syndrome, and the meta-analysis was made. Result: This study collected 3 526 literatures, including 62 literatures up to standards. Among them, 27 literatures recorded observation of HbA1c, reflecting nearly eight weeks of glucose control; 8 literatures recorded observation of ET, and 4 literatures recorded observation of NO, reflecting the vascular endothelial cell function disorder; 8 literatures recorded observation of VEGF, proving that it is the growth factor playing a major role in the retinal micro-vascular proliferation; 8 literatures recorded observation of the whole blood viscosity (high shear), 8 literatures recorded observation of the whole blood viscosity (low shear), 9 literatures recorded observation of the plasma viscosity, 6 literatures recorded observation of fibrinogen, so as to reflect the change in blood rheology; 3 literatures recorded observation of hsCRP, 4 literatures recorded observation of TNF-α, discussing the effects on inflammation; 39 literatures recorded observation of the clinical efficacy, 23 literatures recorded observation of the efficacy in changing fundus, 20 literatures recorded observation of the efficacy in vision, and 29 literatures recorded observation of the effect of TCM syndrome. Conclusion: Compared with the pure western medicine treatment group, TCM compound was equal in the effect on NO in patients with diabetic retinopathy, but superior in glycosylated hemoglobin, ET, TNF-α, serum hsCRP, VEGF, whole blood viscosity (high shear), whole blood viscosity (low shear), plasma viscosity, fibrinogen, clinical efficacy, fundus change and vision. This suggests that TCM shows a more significant efficacy than pure western medicine. However, because of the limited quantity and quality of literatures, the effect of TCM compound in patients with DR shall be further confirmed by the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled with more high-quality double-blind randomized controlled trials.关键词：diabetic retinopathy;traditional Chinese medicine compound;Meta-analysis;glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c);endothelin (ET);nitric oxide (NO);vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF);high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP);tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the medication rules of emmeniopathy with kidney deficiency at Department of Gynecology of our hospital. Method: A total of 1 075 prescriptions of outpatient of menstrual disorders were collected from Department of Gynecology of Jiangsu Province Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Hospital from May 2016 to October 2016, and the proportion of herbs was analyzed by using the powerful sorting, screening and statistics functions of Microsoft Excel for data mining. Result: The utilization rate of 8 TCM herbs was more than 50%, which were Dipsaci Radix, Poria, Paeoniae Radix Alba (fried), Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Corni Fructus (fried with wine), Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Cuscutae Semen. The utilization rate of 6 TCM herbs was between 30%-50%, which were Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (fried with wheat bran), Cyperi Rhizoma (fried with vinegar), Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, Moutan Cortex, and Eucommiae Cortex (fried with salt). According to conventional classification of Chinese materia medica, herbs with the higher rate were tonics and those for activating blood stasis. The others were herbs for regulating Qi and clearing heat. On the basis of the utilization rate, drug natures from high to low were warm, neutral and cold, respectively. The utilization rate of warm herbs was significantly higher than that of neutral and cold herbs. The utilization rate of herb pair of Poria-Dioscoreae Rhizoma (51.2%) was higher than that of Dioscoreae Rhizoma-Corni Fructus (47.7%) and Paeoniae Radix Alba-Paeoniae Radix Rubra (39.5%). Conclusion: Our Department of TCM Gynecology has generally treated emmeniopathy with kidney deficiency with such single herbs as Dipsaci Radix, Poria, Paeoniae Radix Alba (fried), Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Corni Fructus (fried with wine), Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Cuscutae Semen, herb pairs such as Poria-Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Dioscoreae Rhizoma-Corni Fructus and Paeoniae Radix Alba-Paeoniae Radix Rubra. The application of these herbs fully indicated the therapeutic principles of tonics and herbs strengthening spleen, activating blood stasis and dispelling cold, and the medication rules for treating emmeniopathy with kidney deficiency in our hospital.关键词：traditional Chinese medicine treatment;emmeniopathy;medication analysis;Chinese herb pairs;data mining
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in treating allergic rhinitis in children in the periodical literatures between 1979 and 2016. Method: Periodical literatures for Chinese herbal compounds in treating allergic rhinitis in children between 1979 and 2016 were collected to build a database. Data mining technology was used to analyze the medication rules of TCM in treating allergic rhinitis in children. Result: In this study, 166 Chinese herbal compounds were included, which involves 187 Chinese herbs. And the total frequency of using these herbs was 1 885 times. In accordance with the frequency of using these drugs from high to low, the top five herbs were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Magnoliae Flos, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, and Astragali Radix. According to the classification analysis on the efficacy of TCM, the top two were wind-cold-effusing and Qi-tonifying herbs. Meanwhile, we also classified and analyzed these herbs by TCM properties, the outcome showed that the frequency of using warm herbs was 1 051 times, which accounted for 55.76%. Besides, combination rules among those herbs were observed and analyzed. Conclusion: The most commonly used herbs in treating allergic rhinitis in children are wind-cold-effusing herbs, which is followed by Qi-tonifying herbs. Meanwhile, these two herbs are often used together in the same formula. Frequently used TCM herbs are mainly warm in property.关键词：allergic rhinitis in children;traditional Chinese medicine;data mining technology;medication rules
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To realize the sharing and reasoning of knowledge in the field of Chinese medicine asthma by ontology. Method: Based on seven-step method from Stanford university,the disease ontology of asthma which included axioms was constructed by realizing the knowledge of asthma-related knowledge,and the relationship between some concepts. Result: The ontology construction of Chinese medicine asthma field was completed,which could realize the sharing of knowledge and simple reasoning,containing 102 classes,425 individuals,18 object properties,6 inverse properties,2 data properties,1 equivalent class axiom and 138 subclass of axioms counts. Conclusion: The construction of ontology has a certain value in the co-construction of knowledge and the semantic retrieval and data mining of the future knowledge base.关键词：asthma;ontology;knowledge base;numberical attribute;semantic network;equivalent class axiom
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the original plant of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, and conduct a comprehensive herbal textual research on TCM Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, in order to provide the basis for the study of TCM Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma. Method: Ancient herbal books discriminating Nvwei and Weirui based on morphology, efficacy and processing methods were consulted to conduct an herbal textual research for origin of name, plant form and efficacy the edible value of the modern Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma. Result: The textual research showed the origin of Polygonatum odoratum in previous herbal species: Weirui was recorded as a modern rutaceous plant (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), and Nvwei was recorded as a Ranunculaceae plants (Clematis apiifolia). Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma's herbal textual research involved origin of its name, which indicated that Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma is also known as Ying, Dijie, Maxun, and named after its rhizome shape. Because its stems look like a small bamboo pole, leaves are as smooth as bamboo leaves, and underground rhizomes are long and knotty, it is known as jade bamboo (Yuzhu) and land knot (Dijie). According to the morphological research, the rhizome is cylindrical, with alternate elliptic leaves with a tip end. With effects in nourishing Yin and moisturizing lung, and nourishing stomach to improve production of body fluid, Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma is not only applied as a drug application, but also widely used in health care products and diet. Conclusion: Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, as a traditional Chinese medicinal and food, is widely adapted, with a large consumption and good effect. Efforts shall be made to strengthen the application, research and production management of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, form a complete management system, develop Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma as an industry, and strengthen the industry, so as to develop the modernization of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma and promote it worldwide. This indicates that Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma has the prospect of development and utilization.关键词：Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma;Clematis apiifolia;herbal textual research;original plant
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