最新刊期
卷 23 ， 期 8 ， 2017
- 摘要：Totally 127 projects which supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in the field of formulae of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) between 2012 and 2016 financial years were reviewed and analyzed.These projects were analyzed from four subjects,areas such as general financing,education background of funders,continual supported projects and research content.The main problems existed in these projects,such as limitation of the original thought of TCM, and quantity deficiency of material basis research were discussed as well.关键词：national natural science foundation;formulae of traditional Chinese medicine;Compatibility Law;metabonomics;pharmacodynamic material basis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: According to feature that active ingredients of Bufonis Venenum had poor water solubility,large fluctuation in plasma concentration and toxic side-effects,compound sustained-release dropping pills was prepared with the combination of Bufonis Venenum and Ganoderma. Method: Polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG4000) and stearic acid were used as matrix to prepare compound Bufonis Venenum sustained-release dropping pills by melting method.Dropping situation was used as the evaluation index to investigate forming factors by single factor experiments.The roundness,weight variation of pills and cumulative release rate in 12 h were used as the evaluation indexes,orthogonal test was adopted to optimize preparation process. Result: Optimum process of compound Bufonis Venenum sustained-release dropping pills was as following:drug-substrate (1:2),PEG4000-stearic acid (5:1),melting temperature at 80℃,dropping distance of 8 cm,temperature of pipe orifice in condensate at 50-5℃.The in vitro release of sustained-release dropping pills was 12 h that accorded with Ritger-Peppas model. Conclusion: The preparation process of compound Bufonis Venenum sustained-release dropping pills is stable and feasible.In vitro release of this preparation is similar to non-Fickian diffusion,its release mechanism is the combination of diffusion and matrix dissolution.关键词：sustained-release dropping pills;Bufonis Venenum;Ganoderma;stearic acid;polyethylene glycol;roundness;in vitro release
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: After observed long-term retention of samples,to investigate the effects of different packaging materials and storage conditions on the validity period of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata small packaging pieces and determine their valid periods. Method: In order to determine the valid period of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata small packaging pieces,through carrying out the 30-month long-term retention stability study,different packaging materials and storage conditions of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata pieces were detected, including characters,moisture,contents of extract and verbascoside. Result: After 30 months of long-term stability study,as small packaging pieces,the characters,thin layer identification (TLC),moisture,content of extract could reach the relevant provisions in the 2010 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.But the content of verbascoside had large difference,and the biggest factor was the impact of packaging materials.The content of verbascoside in descending order as following:medicinal aluminum foil bag > polyethylene plastic bag > leather condensate film paper.In the vacuum cold condition,the validity of three kinds of packaging materials for Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata pieces were 30,12,6 months. Conclusion: This study can determine the package types,storage conditions and period of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata small packaging pieces,and it also can provide research and demonstration for the packaging storage and maintenance of small package pieces of traditional Chinese medicine.关键词：Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata;small packaging pieces;long-term stability;verbascoside;validity period;storage conditions
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize formulation and preparation technology of chlorin e6 (Ce6) magnetic sound sensitive nano-liposomes,and establish its quality evaluation method. Method: The liposomes was prepared by thin film dispersion-vacuum freeze drying technique,taking encapsulation efficiency as index,orthogonal test was adopted to investigate effects of types of organic phase,hydration medium,temperature and time on preparation technology and effects of ratio of lecithin-cholesterol,ratio of lecithin-Ce6,ratio of Ce6-magnetic particle and dosage of tween-80 on prescription.Morphology was examined by transmission electron microscope,particle size was determined by laser particle sizer,in vitro release behavior of sound sensitivity was studied by dynamic dialysis and compared with ordinary liposomes. Result: Optimum preparation technology was as following:chloroform as the organic phase,water for hydration medium,hydration temperature at 55℃ for 50 min;optimum formula was as following:lecithin-cholesterol (5:1),lecithin-Ce6 (1:50),Ce6-magnetic particle (1:2) and tween-80 amount of 0.5%.Morphology of the liposomes showed sphere structure and rounded appearance with uniform diameter.Average encapsulation efficiency was 90.28%,rate of leakage was 3.28% and particle size was 176.9 nm.With increasing of ultrasonic time (0-150 s) and intensity (0-2.0 W·cm-2),the in vitro cumulative release of the nano-liposomes increased. Conclusion: Ce6 magnetic sound sensitive nano-liposomes has high encapsulation efficiency and good sound sensitive characteristics in vitro.关键词：chlorin e6;sound sensitive nano-liposomes;thin film dispersion vacuum freeze drying technique;encapsulation efficiency;in vitro release;high intensity focused ultrasound
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize the water extraction process of Shenlian formula. Method: Rats were randomized into control group,extract Ⅰ group (water extraction),extract Ⅱ group (water extraction and ethanol precipitation),extract Ⅲ group (water extraction and ethanol precipitation of some herbs,ethanol extraction of others),extract Ⅳ group (water extraction of some herbs,ethanol extraction of others),and the numbers of premature ventricular contraction,the total time of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation were used to evaluate the arrhythmia induced by myocardial ischemia reperfusion arrhythmia.Orthogonal design was used to optimize the process conditions by taking solvent volume,extraction time and times as factors after investigating pharmacodynamics index of different extraction process routes.Paeoniflorin,liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid, as examining parameters,were evaluated by HPLC with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution for gradient elution. Result: Optimal extraction process was as follows:extracted thrice with 10,8,8 times the amount of water,decocted for 1.5 h per time.Extracting amounts of paeoniflorin,liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid were 22.88,15.17,13.54 mg·g-1. Conclusion: This optimized extraction process is stable and feasible,which can provide reference value for the actual production of Shenlian granules.关键词：Shenlian formula;water extraction process;comprehensive score;paeoniflorin;liquiritin;glycyrrhizic acid;myocardial ischemia and reperfusion
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To summarize and record medicinal plant resources with ethnic and regional characteristics and application experience through an ethnobotany research on Lisu nationality medicinal market in Dechang county, Sichuan province, during the Dragon-Boat festival, so as to develop and protect Lisu ethnic traditional medicine culture. Method: Literature research, field survey and key informant interview, specimen collection and plant taxonomy identification were performed on the basis of ethnobotanical theory and research method. Result: Lisu nationality medicinal market during the Dragon-Boat festival provided a wide variety of medicinal materials. Totally 106 herbal medicines, from which 77 medical animals and plants were identified into 42 families and 70 genera and documented in the present paper, including names (eg. local name if available), origin, medicinal part, purpose and processing methods. Suggestions for sustainable development of the traditional medicinal market and medicine of Lisu nationality in Dechang were proposed. Conclusion: The Dragon-Boat festival medicinal market is a special traditional cultural phenomenong in southwest China, with a history of more than 500 years in the Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture, Sichuan province.Lisu nationality medicinal market duirng the Dragon-Boat festival is recognized as a state-level intangible cultural heritage of Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture, presents profound ethnic characteristics and wide variety of medicinal plants, and gathers abundant medical knowledge and experience accumulated by local people during struggling with diseases. Compared with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),Lisu nationality medicinal market during the Dragon-Boat festival has its distinct features, and places emphasis on local herbs, seasonal herbs, fresh herbs and single-herb prescriptions; Lisu nationality medicines have different medicinal parts from TCM, and give priority to dietary therapy, with medicated bath and external application as complementary therapies; what's more, they focus on effects of expelling wind-damp, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis and treating traumatic injury. This article provided first-hand materials for systematic studies on characteristics of Lisu ethnic medicines, which is of great significance to the inheritance and development of the traditional Lisu ethnic medicine culture.关键词：Lisu nationality;medicinal market in Dragon-Boat festival;ethnobotany;Dechang county, Sichuan province
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To research the differences of imported centipedes from different origins in the market by identifying mini-characters of the centipede. Method: The imported centipedes were examined based on the relevant documents and market research. The mini-character identification method for traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) was used to collect the information of 16 batches of the centipede samples by electronic eyepiece. Meanwhile, mini-characters of the imported centipedes were identified by synthetic technique of Photoshop CS6 software. Result: There were different mini-characters in different varieties of imported centipedes, particularly at head and claws, claw spine and tarsal spine. Conclusion: The mini-character identification method has the very good effect in identifying different varieties of imported centipedes.关键词：imported centipede;different origins;character identification;mini-character identification
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: By analyzing the relationship between mineral elements and effective components in Bupleuri Radix to explore the influence of this relationship on quality of Bupleuri Radix. Method: Samples were digested by microwave digestion method,ICP-AES was employed to determine contents of 16 kinds of mineral elements in 24 batches of samples,then according to standards in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia,HPLC was adopted to determine contents of saikosaponin a and d with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water for gradient elution and detection wavelength of 210 nm.Relationship between mineral elements and effective components in Bupleuri Radix was analyzed by double variable correlation method with SPSS 17.0 software. Result: Contents of different mineral element and active ingredient in Bupleuri Radix had significant differences.Saikosaponin a and d were significantly positive correlation with Cu element,their correlation coefficients were 0.349 and 0.425;and they had significant negative correlation with Na element,correlation coefficients were -0.517 and -0.420. Conclusion: Mineral elements and contents of effective components in Bupleuri Radix with different growing conditions have a certain difference.It is suggested that saikosaponin a and d can be synthesized in roots of Bupleuri Radix by exogenous application of mineral elements.关键词：Bupleuri Radix;mineral elements;saikosaponins;correlation analysis;cultivated species;wild species
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To evaluate the quality of Bupleuri Radix produced in Ningxia by HPLC finger-print and near-infrared spectrum for 13 batches of Bupleuri Radix and its control medicinal herb. Method: HPLC finger-print and near-infrared spectroscopy were built up for comparing the similarities between the 13 batches of Bupleuri Radix and its control medicinal herb, respectively. Furthermore, the paired t-test was carried out to analyze common peak areas and near-infrared spectrum between the 13 batches of Bupleuri Radix and control medicinal herb, respectively. Result: The results showed that the similarities of HPLC finger-print and near-infrared spectrum for the 13 batches of Bupleuri Radix and control medicinal herb were more than 0.901 and 0.982, respectively. Moreover, paired sample t-test showed no significant difference between common peak areas of the 13 batches of Bupleuri Radix produced in Ningxia and control medicinal herb. This verified a high consistency between the 13 batches of Bupleuri Radix and control medicinal herb. Conclusion: On the basis of methods of chromatographic finger-print and near-infrared spectrum, this study applied paired sample t-test to verify analysis results, which suggested no significant difference between the 13 batches of Bupleuri Radix produced on Ningxia and control medicinal herb. The study used two comprehensive detection means, which could avoid erroneous judgment caused by uncertain threshold values of similar degree in the chromatographic finger-print and provide a reliable basis for the analysis results and new ideas for improving the quality control method of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs.关键词：Bupleuri Radix;finger-print;near-infrared spectrum;chemical composition;quality control
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the infrared fingerprint differences between different parts of Cinnamomum cassia and their essential oil, and provide a reference basis for studying their chemical composition characteristics. Method: The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) method and second derivative infrared spectroscopy (SD-IR) were used. Result: The holistic shape of peaks was similar in the FTIR spectra of the bark, branch and leaf of C. cassia. The structural information of the samples indicated that all of the three parts contained calcium oxalate, polyphenols and polysaccharides. The characteristic peaks of branch and leaf were stronger than that of bark at around 1 653 cm-1 and 1 734 cm-1, which proved that the quantity of saturated fatty acid esters and flavones in the branch and leaf was higher than that in the bark. At the range of 1 480-1 435 cm-1 and 1 630-1 580 cm-1, the spectra of branch showed two characteristic peaks, while the leaf showed only one peak at the corresponding site in second derivative IR method. The IR spectra of the essential oil of bark, branch and leaf was akin to that of cinnamaldehyde. The similarity calculation results showed that the content of cinnamaldehyde in essential oil was in the order of bark > branch > leaf. Near 1 734 cm-1, the peak intensity of essential oil in branch and leaf was stronger than that in bark, which indicated that essential oil of branch and leaf contained ester compounds of other structures. By comparing the conditions of the peaks around 1 275 cm-1 in the second derivative spectra, the essential oil in branch and leaf was further distinguished. Conclusion: The FT-IR and SD-IR can not only analyze the differences in holistic chemical constituents in different parts of C. cassia and their essential oil, but also can identify the different parts with similar components.关键词：Cinnamomum cassia;bark;branch;leaf;essential oil;FT-IR;SD-IR
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To determinate the contents of protocatechuic acid and vanillic acid in Amomi Fructus by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and compare the contents of protocatechuic acid and vanillic acid in Amomi Fructus from different regions. Method: The determination was performed on Phenomenex Luna C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with methanol -0.1% formic acid solution as mobile phase for gradient elution, and the wavelength was set at 260 nm. The flow rate was 0.8 mL·min-1; column temperature was 35℃ and injection volume was 15 μL. Result: Protocatechuic acid showed good linearity in the range of 0.000 7-0.008 9 g·L-1, and the average recovery was 100.4% (RSD 3.2%). Vanillic acid showed good linearity in the range of 0.000 6-0.030 3 g·L-1, and the average recovery was 99.3% (RSD 2.8%). The 24 batches of Amomi Fructus samples were divided into two main groups by clustering analysis. One was Amomum villosum and A. villosum var. xanthioides. The other was the imported Amomi Fructus, Alpinia zerumbet and A. villosum from Yunnan that directly dried without fire curing. Conclusion: The established method is simple, accurate, and with good repeatability, which can be used to determine the contents of protocatechuic acid and vanillic acid in Amomi Fructus from different regions, providing reference to distinguishing the samples from different regions. In addition, the content of vanillic acid in Amomi Fructus was affected significantly by the drying method.关键词：different regions;Amomi Fructus;protocatechuic acid;vanillic acid;clustering analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To develop a certified reference material (CRM) of cinnamaldehyde according to The Directives for the Work of Reference Materials (3):Reference Material-General and Statistical Principles for Certification (GB/T 15000.3-2008) based on the CRM project approved by Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China (SAC). Method: Cinnamaldehyde was obtained by means of extraction, NaHSO3 additive reaction, and preparative high performance liquid chromatography from the dried Cinnamomi Cortex. The structure of cinnamaldehyde was confirmed by element analysis, UV, IR, HRMS, NMR. Thin layer chromatography was carried out for the identification. The sample of cinnamaldehyde was divided into 200 bottles with 20 mg per bottle. The homogeneity test, stability test, and quantitative analysis were carried out by high performance liquid chromatography with an ultra violet detector. Result: The homogeneity of CRM of cinnamaldehyde was excellent, and the storage period for cinnamaldehyde was 24 months at 0-8℃. The certified purity value of the CRM of cinnamaldehyde was 98.41% with an expand uncertainty of 0.06%. This CRM corresponded with the technical requirement of a series of GB/T 15000.3 guides about the CRM and was checked and accepted by SAC. Conclusion: The national CRM of cinnamaldehyde was developed for the first time. This CRM is intended for use in the method validation, testing, and quality control regarding cinnamaldehyde.关键词：cinnamaldehyde;certified reference material;homogeneity;stability;certification;uncertainty
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a common pattern of HPLC characteristic fingerprint for anthraquinones in Rumei Radix et Rhizoma from different regions, and evaluate the quality of 31 batches of rhubarb from different regions. Method: HPLC was used on diamonsil C18 (4.6 mm×200 mm, 5 μm) column, with methanol and 0.2% formic acid solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1; column temperature was 30℃, and the detection wavelength was 254 nm.By using Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingorprint Similarity Evaluation System(2004 A) was used for similarity evaluation, and SPSS 18.0 combined with cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate the quality of rhubarb in 31 batches. Result: Six common fingerprint peaks were found, and three components were identified:emodin (4th peak), chrysophanol (5th peak) and physcion (6th peak). For precision, stability and repeatability of the fingerprint, the average RSD of retention time was less than 2%, and the average RSD of relative peak area was less than 5%. Rumei Radix et Rhizoma was divided into 2 types in CA and PCA methods, and the similarity was above 0.8 in 27 batches, indicating that there were similarity and difference between 31 batches of rhubarb. Conclusion: Fingerprint combined with chemical pattern recognition is conducive to a comprehensive and accurate control of the internal quality of Rumei Radix et Rhizoma medicinal materials.关键词：Rumei Radix et Rhizoma;characteristic fingerprint;cluster analysis;principal component analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To clarify the chemical pattern of major tetracyclic triterpenoids and establish an HPLC method for determination of cucurbitacin B and D in Pedicellus Melo. Method: UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS was used to analyze the major tetracyclic triterpenoids on Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm), with 0.1% formic acid solution-acetonitrile as the mobile phase for gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.5 mL·min-1. RP-HPLC was performed for the determination of cucurbitacin B and D in Pedicellus Melo on Inert Sustain C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), with 0.1% glacial acetic acid solution-acetonitrile as the mobile phase for gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. Result: In the qualitative analysis of chemical pattern, 8 major tetracyclic triterpenoids were found and firstly identified in Pedicellus Melo, including cucurbitacin Ⅱa, isocucurbitacin Ⅱa, cucurbitacin I, cucurbitacin D, cucurbitacin B, and three isomers of deacetylatecucurbitacin B. In quantitative analysis, the separation degree of cucurbitacin B, D and related substances met the requirement, and the calibration curve showed good linearity for cucurbitacin B and D in the concentration range of 49.5-297.0 mg·L-1 (r=0.999 99) and 10.3-61.8 mg·L-1 (r=0.999 9). The average recoveries of cucurbitacin B and D were 99.18% (RSD 1.0%) and 99.13% (RSD 1.1%) respectively. Conclusion: The major tetracyclic triterpenoids were reported for the first time in Pedicellus Melo, and the rapid and reproducible HPLC method was established, which was suitable for the determination of cucurbitacin B and D in Pedicellus Melo.关键词：Pedicellus Melo;UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS;HPLC;cucurbitacin B;cucurbitacin D
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study on chemical constituents of phenolic acids in Sanguisorbae Radix. Method: Compounds were isolated and purified by using Macroporous resin (D101, HP-20), reversed phase silica gel (RP-8, RP-18), Toyopearl HW-40 column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by spectral method. Result: Thirteen phenolic acid compounds were isolated from 70% ethanol extracts and their structures were elucidated as:gallic acid (1), protocatechuic acid (2), 3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde (3), methyl gallate (4), ethyl gallate (5), 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester (6), isolariciresinol 9'-β-D-xylopyranoside (7), (+)-piresil-4-O-β-D-glucopyraside (8), (+)-syringaresinol (9), 1-(4-ethylphenyl)-1,2-ethanediol (10), ethyl 3,4-dihydroxy benzoate (11), 3,4-dimethoxy-5-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester (12), and 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone (13). Conclusion: Compounds 2-13 were isolated from this plant for the first time.关键词：Sanguisorbae Radix;phenolic acids;structure elucidation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Moringa oleifera leaves from different origins for identification and quality control, and promote the development of the modernization process of M. oleifera leaves. Method: HPLC was performed on the column of Diamonsil Plus C18 with acetonitrile (A)-0.05% phosphoric acid solution (B) as the mobile phase (0-70 min, 5%-30%A; 70-75 min, 30%-100%A) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The detective wavelength was 230 nm and the column temperature was 30℃. The fingerprints of 12 batches of M. oleifera leaves from 5 different origins were compared for similarity by using Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System (2004 A) and the cluster analysis through SPSS 21.0. Result: The common mode for M. oleifera leaves fingerprints was established, and 14 common fingerprint peaks were identified; among them, three component peaks were gallic acid, rutin and quercetin which were the effective components; the similarity was greater than 0.90 in 9 batches of the 12 batches of M. oleifera leaves, indicating that propolis fingerprints had both similarities and differences either from different main producing areas or different fields within the same producing area. Conclusion: This method is reproducible, precise and steady and it can be used for origin identification and quality control of M. oleifera leaves.关键词：Moringa oleifera leaves;HPLC;fingerprint;similarity assessment;cluster analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a HPLC method for determination of gallic acid,caffeine,epicatechin gallate and kaempferol in plasma of rats with atherosclerosis after intragastric administration of green tea extract. Method: After being administrated green tea extract,the rats' blood were taken at different time points,separation was carried out on a Hypersil ODS2 column (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),the mobile phase was methanol-0.03% phosphoric acid aqueous solution,the flow rate was 0.7 mL·min-1 and the detection wavelength was set at 278 nm,the column temperature was maintained at 30℃. Result: The calibration curves of gallic acid,caffeine,epicatechin gallate and kaempferol were in good linearity over the range of 0.255-20.40,0.430-86.00,0.245-19.60,0.270-21.60 mg·L-1.RSDs of inter-day and intra-day assay were less than 9.0%.The average method separating degree for four ingredients and their extraction recoveries were more than 87%.After acidification,main pharmacokinetic parameters of the area under the curve (AUC0-t) were (8.902±1.235),(198.5±12.5),(7.367±0.412),(4.426±0.251) mg·h·L-1 and the apparent volume of distribution (Vd) were (0.990±0.134),(1.409±0.201),(0.501±0.243),(0.029±0.009) L·kg-1,respectively;the peak time (Tmax) of these four ingredients were 1.5 h. Conclusion: This method has good separation which can be used to detect blood drug concentration of four effective ingredients from green tea extract.关键词：gallic acid;caffeine;epicatechin gallate;kaempferol;atherosclerosis;green tea;propyl gallate;pharmacokinetics
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the changes in gut microbiota structure after Tangnaikang(TNK) intervention in Zucker diabetic fatty rats (ZDF, fa/fa) and ZDF (fa/+) with spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method: Six male ZDF (fa/+) rats were set as normal control group, and eighteen male (fa/fa) ZDF rats (mean value of random blood glucose in different days ≥ 11.1 mmol·L-1) were set as T2DM model group and divided into model group (normal saline, 10 mL·kg-1), TNK high-dose (TH, 3.24 g·kg-1) and TNK low-dose (TL, 0.81 g·kg-1) groups depending on their body weight and random blood glucose (RBG), n=6 in each group. After 6 weeks of drug administration, blood was taken from abdominal aorta to detect their fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting serum insulin (FINS), fecal samples were collected from the rats to detect microbiota by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and amplicon pyrose quencing was taken to analyze the changes of microbiota in 16S rRNA V4 region. Result: Both TH group and TL group had significant differences in FPG and FINS as compared with model group (P<0.01). There were significant differences in flora diversity and structure composition between various groups. At the family level and below, the abundance of Lactobacillaceae was increased in model group as compared with control group (P<0.05); while as compared with model group, the abundance of Lactobacillaceae was decreased in TH group and TL group without statistical difference, and the abundance of Prevotella was significantly increased (P<0.01), in addition, Prevotella had a positive correlation with FINS in ZDF rats. Conclusion: The ZDF(fa/fa) and their lean llittermates ZDF(fa/+) had significant differences in microbial composition, and TNK may improve the blood glucose by affecting the abundance of Prevotella and the Lactobacillaceae in intestine of the ZDF rats.关键词：Tangnaikang (TNK);Zucker diabetic fatty(ZDF);16S rRNA;Lactobacillus;Prevotella
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a multifactor composite model with cerebral infarction with Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome in rats. Method: Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, namely sham operation group, multiple cerebral infarction group, multiple cerebral infarction combined with exhaustive swimming group, multiple cerebral infarction combined with sleep deprivation group, multiple cerebral infarction combined with both exhaustive swimming and sleep deprivation group and sham group. Rats of the three syndromes combined model groups were provided with the corresponding factors (sleep deprivation and exhaustive swimming) for 10 days. Then, the rats received multiple cerebral infarction surgery. After the surgery, sleep deprivation and exhaustive swimming were continuously implemented for another 10 days. The rats of multiple cerebral infarction group only received multiple cerebral infarction surgery. At the 11th day after the surgery, general status, body weight, grasping strength of fore limb, pulse, tongue picture, hemorheology and four items of blood coagulation were observed and assayed. Result: Body weight, grasping strength of fore limb, pulse intensity, and RGB value of tongue surface were decreased, while the whole blood viscosity increased, and prothrombin time(PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) shortened in multiple cerebral infarction combined with sleep deprivation groups compared with sham operation group (P < 0.05,P < 0.01), with more obvious changes in indexes than other groups. Conclusion: Through comprehensive analysis of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes (weight, grasping strength of fore limb, tongue, pulse) and western medicine biochemical indexes, the method of multiple cerebral infarction combined with sleep deprivation is superior to the other three modeling methods, and more suitable to establish a rat model with cerebral infarction with Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome.关键词：stroke;multiple cerebral infarction;Qi-deficiency and blood-stasis;sleep deprivation;exhaustive swimming
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Danggui Buxue Tang on behavior and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in rat models of chronic stress-induced depression. Method: Totally 120 male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Danggui Buxue Tang high, medium and low dose groups (8, 4, 2 g·kg-1), and fluoxetine positive control group (3.33 mg·kg-1). Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to establish the rat depression model. They were orally administered with corresponding drugs for 21 days and the rats in normal group and model group received the equal volume of normal saline. All rats' behavior changes were observed through open field test (OFT), forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) at 0, 7, 14, 21 d; serum cortisol (CORT) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels of rats were also detected by ELISA at 21 d. Meanwhile, Real-time PCR method was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in hypothalamus, pituitary and hippocampus of rats. Result: Danggui Buxue Tang high and middle dose groups can significantly reduce the immobility time in forced swimming test and hanging tail test of depression model rats (P<0.05); significantly increase the number of grid crossing in open field test (P<0.05), and significantly reduce the serum ACTH and CORT levels (P<0.05); Danggui Buxue Tang high dose group can down-regulate CRH mRNA expression level, and up-regulate the GR mRNA expression levels in the hypothalamus, pituitary and hippocampus (P<0.05). Conclusion: Danggui Buxue Tang can improve the depressive behavior in CUMS rats and show the anti-depression effect. Its mechanisms may be related to regulating HPA axis function.关键词：Danggui Buxue Tang;anti-depressant;chronic unpredictable mild stress;hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the preventive effect and action mechanism of Gansu granule on hepatic fibrosis rats induced by perchlormethane (CCl4). Method: The liver fibrosis model of rats was established by CCl4.Totally 72 male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely normal control group(n=12), model control group (n=12), colchicine group (n=12, 0.1 mg·kg-1), and high, medium and low-dose Gansu granule groups (n=12, 16.7, 8.4, 4.2 g·kg-1). Ten weeks later after drug administration, all of the rats were put to death. Blood was collected to detect liver indexes, such as alanine transaminase(AST), aspartate aminotransferase(ALT), total bilirubin(TBIL), total protein(TP), ALB, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Besides, the liver, spleen and thymus gland were dissected and weighed. Liver hyaluronic acid (HA), layer even protein (LN), Matrix metalloproteinases-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay assay (ELISA). Pathological histology observation by HE staining and Masson staining were performed for other liver tissues. Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor β(TGF-β) expression in the hepatic tissue were measured by immunohistochemical method. Result: Compared with normal control group, model control group's rats serum ALT, AST, TBIL and ALP contents were significantly increased, PT significantly decreased (P<0.01), liver tissue HA, LN, TIMP-1 levels were increased significantly (P<0.01), with remarkable increase in liver, spleen coefficients (P<0.01) and decrease of thymus gland coefficient. The liver texture of model rats was harden, with formation of pseudolobule and increase in expressions of TGF-β, and α-SMA in the liver. Compared with model control group, serum ALT, AST, ALP, TBIL levels were significantly declined and globulin increased significantly in both colchicine group and Gansu granule groups (P<0.01), and albumin level in low-dose Gansu granule group was obviously increased (P<0.05). For all of drug treating groups, the contents of HA and TIMP-1 in liver tissues were significantly decreased (P<0.01), the degree of fibrosis were alleviated, and TGF-β1, α-SMA expressions in liver reduced. Conclusion: Gansu granule has an obvious anti-hepatic fibrosis effect, and can significantly improve the liver function and reduce the liver fibrosis for model rats. The action mechanism is correlated with reduction of liver cell damage and prevention of fibrosis.关键词：Gansu granule;liver fibrosis;carbon tetrachloride;liver function
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress regulators in hippocampus of depressive rats and the intervention effect of β-asarone. Method: Totally 100 SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:the normal control group, the model group, the fluoxetine group (10 mg·kg-1), the β-asarone low-dose group (25 mg·kg-1) and the high-dose group (50 mg·kg-1), with 20 in each one. The depression model was established by CUMS. On the 8th day after modeling, rats in fluoxetine group and β-asarone group were treated with fluoxetine or β-asarone once daily through intragastric administration for 21 days (10 mg·kg-1·d-1 for the fluoxetine group, 25 mg·kg-1·d-1 for the β-asarone low-dose group, 50 mg·kg-1·d-1 for the β-asarone high-dose group). The open field test was carried out to assess the CUMS model and rats' ethological changes on the 0th and 29th day; The changes of nissl bodies in hippocampus neurons were observed by Nissl staining; The mRNA expressions of protein kinase R sample endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK), CCAAT/EBP homologous protein(CHOP), calprotectin(CRT) were tested by Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR; The protein expressions of PERK, CHOP and CRT were detected by Western blot. Result: After CUMS for 28 days, scores of horizontal motion and vertical motion in model group were obviously lower than control group (P<0.05), whereas those in β-asarone low-dose group, β-asarone high-dose group, fluoxetine group were higher model group (P<0.05). Nissl staining results showed that the color of neurons in control group became light, with less nissl bodies; β-asarone low-dose group, β-asarone high-dose group show more normal hippocampus neurons, with more Nissl bodies than model group. Compared with the model group, mRNA expressions of PERK, CHOP and CRT were up-regulated significantly in the model group, compared with control group (P<0.05); whereas those were down-regulated in β-asarone low dose group, β-asarone high dose group and fluoxetine group compared with the model group (P <0.05). Compared with the model group, protein expressions of PERK, CHOP and CRT were up-regulated significantly in the model group (P<0.05); whereas those were down-regulated in fluoxetine group, β-asarone low dose group, β-asarone high dose group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The antidepressant effect of β-asarone may be correlated with the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum functions.关键词：β-asarone;depression;protein kinase R sample endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK);CCAAT/EBP homologous protein(CHOP);calprotectin(CRT)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the hypoglycemic effect of different proportions of Coptidis Rhizoma and Cinnamonin Cortex (10:1, 10:3, 10:6) in Jiaotai pill and relevant mechanisms. Method: The 12-weeks-old db/db mice were randomly divided into Coptidis Rhizoma and Cinnamonin Cortex groups (with the proportions of 10:1, 10:3, 10:6, equal to 8.4, 10, 12.3 g·kg-1 of crude drug), positive drug group (metformin, 0.25 g·kg-1) and the model group. Other db/m mice of the same age were selected into the normal group. The normal group and the model group were given saline solution,intragastric administration, the positive drug group was given metformin suspension, intragastric administration, while the Jiaotai pill groups with different proportions were given the corresponding water decoction, intragastric administration, once a day. After 5 weeks, body weight, food and water intake, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and insulin tolerance test (IPITT) were performed. The changes in pancreas islet β cells morphology and ultrastructure were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and under transmission electron microscopy. Western blot was used to analyze the expressions of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphorylated AMPK in liver, white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, as well as the expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Result: Compared with the normal group, the db/db mice showed increases in body weight, water and food intake, high fasting blood glucose (P<0.01). IPGTT and IPITT at each time point increased (P<0.01). The numbers of islet β cells and granules in β cells decreased in db/db mice. The expression of phosphorylated AMPK in liver, white adipose tissue and skeleton muscle were lower (P<0.05), and the expression of GLUT4 in adipose tissue and muscle were decreased in db/db mice (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, FBG of the three Rhizoma coptidis and cinnamon groups with different proportions were significantly lower (P<0.05), IPGTT and IPITT were alleviated, the numbers of pancreas islet β cells and granules in β cells were higher than the model group. Among three groups, the effect of Rhizoma coptidis and cinnamon with the proportion of 10:1 was the most obvious. The expression of phosphorylated AMPK was increased in the liver, adipose tissue and muscle of db/db mice treated with Jiaotai pill 10:1 group (P<0.05). And the expression of GLUT4 was also increased in adipose tissue and muscle of Jiaotai pill 10:1 group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Jiaotai pill composed of Rhizoma coptidis and cinnamon with different proportions has a certain effect in decreasing blood glucose, and that with the proportion of 10:1 showed the best effect. Its mechanism is related to activation of AMPK and increase in the expression of GLUT4.关键词：Jiaotai pill;type 2 diabetes;db/db mouse;adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase;glucose transporter 4
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of Kuntai capsule on expressions of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) protein in rats with decreasing ovaries reserve (DOR) induced by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD). Method: The model of DOR of Sprague-Dawley female rats was established through intraperitoneal injection with 80 mg·kg-1 of VCD for continuously 15 days. Since the 1st day of modeling, the SD rats were orally administered with drugs for 45 days. They were divided into the normal group, the model control group, high, middle and low-dose Kuntai capsule groups (1.89, 0.63, 0.21 g·kg-1), and Estradio Valerate group (0.13 mg·kg-1). follicle-stimulating (FSH), lactogenic hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) were detected by ELISA method. HE staining was used to observed histopathologic changes in ovary and uterus. Expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax protein in rats ovarian were detected by Western blot method. Result: Compared to the normal group, FSH, LH of the model control group increased strikingly, and E2 decreased (P<0.05). Ovarian and uterus were shrunk remarkably. The numbers of primordial follicles and primary follicles reduced obviously. The endometrium became thin. The expression of Bcl-2 protein of model group decreased obviously, whereas the expression of Bax protein of model group increased (P<0.05), Bcl-2/Bax ratio of model group decreased sharply (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, FSH of high, middle and low-dose Kuntai capsule group decreased, while E2 increased (P<0.05). FSH, LH of Estradio Valerate group decreased, while E2 increased(P<0.05). After intragastric administration, the volume of ovaries and uteruses of Kuntai capsule group and Estradio Valerate group increased, and the numbers of primordial follicles and primary follicles increased. The endometrium became thick. The order of alleviation degree from low to high was low, middle and high-dose Kuntai capsule groups and Estradio Valerate group. The expression of Bcl-2 protein of high, middle and low-dose Kuntai capsule groups and Estradio Valerate group significantly increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); The expression of Bax protein of high, middle and low-dose Kuntai capsule groups and Estradio Valerate group significantly decreased (P<0.05). Bcl-2/Bax ratio of high, middle and low-dose Kuntai capsule groups and Estradio Valerate group increased (P < 0.05,P < 0.01). Conclusion: Kuntai capsule can improve the function of ovaries by up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 protein and down-regulating the expression of Bax protein in ovarian.关键词：Kuntai capsule;decreasing ovarian reserve;cell apoptosis;B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2;Bcl-2 associated X protein
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the antiviral and tumor-suppressor effect of Shufeng Jiedu capsules on Balb/C nude mice with transplant infection with epstein-barr virus (EBV)-associated CNE-2Z cells. Method: One week later after being successfully transplanted with CNE-2Z cells, Balb/C nude mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely model group, acyclovir group, lotus antipyretic capsules group, Shufeng Jiedu capsules high, middle, low dose groups (2.2, 1.1, 0.55 g·kg-1·d-1), with seven in each group. The drugs were orally administered once a day since the day of grouping for three consecutive weeks. Body weight and tumor volume were measured at the day of administration and every other day. Three weeks later, the nude mice were put to death to collect tumor tissues, spleen and thymus and calculate average, tumor growth inhibition rate, tumor volume, relative tumor proliferation rate, relative tumor volume, thymus index and spleen index. Result: Compared with the model group, Shufeng Jiedu capsules could decrease spleen index and increase thymus index. Shufeng Jiedu capsules high dose group could significantly reduce the nude mice tumor volume after 8 to 20 days (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); middle dose groups could significantly reduce the nude mice tumor volume after 8 to 14 days and 18 days (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); low dose groups could significantly reduce the nude mice tumor volume after 8 days and 12 days (P<0.05). Meanwhile, Shufeng Jiedu capsules showed a certain tumor growth inhibition trend in terms of the relative tumor proliferation rate. Conclusion: Shufeng Jiedu capsules showed an inhibitory effect on with nude mice with transplant infection with EBV-associated CNE-2Z cells.关键词：Shufeng Jiedu capsules;epstein-barr virus;spleen index;Thymus index;tumor volume;relative tumor proliferation rate
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Jianpi Shugan Kangdu decoction (JSKD) on the growth and metastasis of MDA-MB-231-pAcGFP xenograft tumors in nude mice, and explore its mechanism. Method: Human triple-negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) were transfected with pAcGFP-C1 by fugene HD transfection reagent, and then the breast cancer cells with stable expression of green fluorescent protein (MDA-MB-231-pAcGFP) were obtained by geneticin (G418) screening. The percentage of MDA-MB-231-pAcGFP was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The mice bearing MDA-MB-231-pAcGFP cells were obtained with subcutaneous inoculation, and then the volume and the weight of the xenograft tumors were observed by using fluorescence imaging technology. Result: The transfection rate of the MDA-MB-231-pAcGFP cells was 96.5% and the rate of tumor formation of these cells was 100%. The average weight of the xenograft tumors was (1.30±0.11) g (group A, model group), (0.75±0.12) g (group B, JSKD group), (0.48±0.09) g (group C, CXCR4 inhibitor group) and (0.44±0.07) g (group D, JSKD+CXCR4 inhibitor group), respectively, and their tumor volumes were (6.635±0.500), (4.017±0.466), (2.664±0.700), (2.323±0.492) cm3,respectively. The tumor weight and volume were changed in three treatment groups as compared with the model group (P<0.05). The tumor inhibition rates were 42.18%, 62.95%, 66.28% in three treatment groups, respectively. Fluorescent metastatic nodules were found in liver of group A and group C, however, fluorescent metastatic nodules were not found in liver of group B and group D. Conclusion: Jianpi Shugan Kangdu decoction could significantly inhibit the growth of the MDA-MB-231-pAcGFP xenograft tumors and prevent tumor metastasis in liver, providing experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of triple-negative breast cancer by Jianpi Shugan Kangdu decoction.关键词：Jianpi Shugan Kangdu decoction;triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC);MDA-MB-231 cell;fluorescence imaging
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the effect of process factors on the safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) preparation by comparing the effect of water extract and ethanol extract of Zhixue capsule on hepatotoxicity. Method: The 80 Wistar rats (40 male and 40 female) were randomly divided into blank control group, Zhixue capsule water extract group, Zhixue capsule 60% ethanol extract group, and 85% ethanol extract group. The rats in normal group received distilled water by gavage, and the rats in other groups received 4.1 g·kg-1 extraction by gavage for 30 days. Intraperitoneal injection of 10% chloral hydrate was used to anesthetize the rats after the last drug administration, then blood was taken from abdominal aorta and serum was taken by centrifugation. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin (TBIL) in serum were detected to indicate the liver injury. Their livers were taken for weighing and calculating the viscera index, the liver tissues in the same place of the largest liver lobe were taken and fixed by 10% neutral formalin for 48 h, then dehydration, paraffin embedding, and slicing were conducted. After hematorylin-eosin(HE) staining, pathological examination was done under the microscope. Result: Zhixue capsule ethanol extract had clear hepatotoxicity, histopathologically demonstrated as small bubble type fatty degeneration surrounding hepatic lobule, and its hepatotoxicity was positively correlated with the ethanol concentration. In addition, water extract group had significantly better anti-inflammatory effect than ethanol extract group according to the liver focal necrosis and inflammatory cells infiltration scores, indicating that the effect of Zhixue capsule ethanol extract was lower than that of water extract. Conclusion: Processing factors have important effects on the safety of TCM compound preparations, indicating that the impact of modern technology on safety shall be concerned in new drug research and development, serious safety risks shall be emphasized in composition enrichment, and toxicity-effect thinking shall be adopted in technology screening.关键词：Zhixue capsule;hepatotoxicity;extraction process;safety of traditional Chinese medicine;water extract;ethanol extract
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of total flavonoids from Milledttia Speciosa Radix (TFRMS) and Millettia Championi Radix(TFRMC) on acute lung injury (ALI) in mice models and observe the differences in anti-inflammatory effect between TFRMS and TFRMC. Method: ALI mice models were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and then the anti-inflammation effect of TFRMS and TFRMC was observed in ALI mice models. The numbers of white blood cell (WBC) and the content of protein were determined in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Then the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the lung tissues were detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), the expression levels of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 in lung tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry, the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by Real-time PCR method, and the pathological changes of lung tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining. Result: As compared with normal group, the count of WBC, protein content, levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased in model group (P<0.01), with inflammatory changes in lung tissues. As compared with the model group, the count of WBC and content of protein were decreased in BALF of TFRMS and TFRMC groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); the NF-κB p65 protein expression in lung tissues was significantly decreased (P<0.01); IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression levels and contents in the lung tissue were decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). From the perspective of histopathology, various dose groups of TFRMS and TFRMC can reduce the acute lung injury induced by LPS. Conclusion: Both TFRMS and TFRMC had significant similar anti-inflammation effect, and their mechanism may be associated with interfering the NF-κB pathway, reducing the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, and inhibiting IL-6 and TNF-α inflammatory mediators.关键词：Millettiae Speciosae Radix;Millettia Championi Radix;total flavonoids;anti-inflammatory effect;interleukin-6(IL-6);tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α);nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical effect of Gubi prescription on kidney deficiency and blood stasis type knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and investigate its protective function for articular cartilage. Method: The 86 cases of KOA patients who met the requirements from the department of rheumatology outpatient clinic in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine since June 2015 to February 2016 were divided into 2 groups according to the random number table method. Patients in control group (43 cases) orally took glucosamine hydrochloride capsules, and patients in treatment group (43 cases) orally took Gubi prescription on the basis of the treatment in control group. The course of treatment was 12 weeks in both groups. Before treatment and 4, 8, 12 weeks after treatment, the Lequesne index and knee joint motion function tests were performed in patients to grade the knee joint symptoms, functions and quality of life, and their articular cartilage, synovial membrane and joint effusion were evaluated by high frequency ultrasound. In addition, their clinical curative effects were compared and adverse reactions were recorded. Result: The clinical efficacy was 95.12% in treatment group, higher than 77.5% in control group (P<0.05), the treatment group could more quickly improve the Lequesne index score, knee function and reduce the joint synovial thickness, fluid volume, and blood flow signal strength, because after treatment, the above indexes in treatment group were better than those in control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The thickness of articular cartilage was not significantly improved in both groups, and the thickness of cartilage of medial femoral condyle in treamtnet group was larger than that in control group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Gubi prescription can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and the knee joint function of the patients with knee osteoarthritis, enhance the quality of life, reduce the inflammation of the synovial membrane, and may have a protective effect on cartilage.关键词：osteoarthritis;kidney deficiency and blood stasis;Gubi prescription;high frequency ultrasound;Lequesne index
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Guizhi Fuling Tang for varicocele type infertility caused by kidney deficiency and blood stasis, and investigate its mechanism. Method: The 86 patients with varicocele type infertility were randomly divided into treatment group (46 cases) and control group (40 cases). Patients in treatment group were treated with modified Guizhi Fuling Tang, and patients in control group took aescuven forte. Both groups were treated for 3 months, and the patients were followed up for 3 months after the end of the treatment. The clinical efficacy, changes of sperm quality, spermatic vein diameter, and sex hormone levels after the treatment were compared between two groups, meanwhile the pregnancy results of their spouses were observed. Result: The total effectiveness was 84.78% in treatment, higher than 67.50% in control group (P<0.05). The sperm density and sperm motility were improved after treatment in both groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the spermatic vein diameter was narrowed in both groups (P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference between two groups after treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level was significantly decreased and testosterone (T) level was significantly increased in both groups (P<0.05), and the increase of T in treatment group was significantly superior to that in control group (P<0.05); but there was no obvious change in luteinizing hormone (LH) level in both groups after treatment. Conclusion: The modified Guizhi Fuling Tang can improve the semen quality in patients with varicocele type infertility caused by kidney deficiency and blood stasis, narrow varicose vein diameter, adjust the reproductive hormone levels and improve the function of sperm production.关键词：varicocele type infertility;kidney deficiency and blood stasis;modified Guizhi Fuling Tang;aescuven forte;clinical observation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Longxuejie capsule and Jiuhua ointment on the recovery after mixed hemorrhoid surgery, and the wound and serum vascular endothelial growth factor. Method: One hundred and ninety patients were randomly divided into control group (95 cases) and observation group (95 cases) by random number table. Both groups' patients got segmented multi-layer arc-cut suture surgery. After the surgery, intravenous dripping of antibiotics was provided for prevention of infection. The patients took Qirong Runchang oral solution, 20 mL/time, 3 times/day. After defecation, Kushen soup was used for cleaning the wound. Patients in control group used Mayinglong hemorrhoids ointment at anus, 1 g/time, 1-2 time/day, the wound was covered with sterile gauze. Patients in observation group got Longxuejie capsule and Jiuhua ointment 1 g/time, 1-2 time/day, the wound was covered with sterile gauze. The course of treatment was 10 days. At the 3th and 10th after surgery, pain, edema, wound exudates, wound area and wound granulation tissue were recorded. At the 10th after surgery, wound capillary content was evaluated, and expression of wound's vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. And levels of serum platelet-derived growth factor (PDFG), VEGF and bFGF before and after treatment were detected. Result: At the 10th day after surgery, the total effective rate in observation was 91.58%, which was superior to 77.89% in control group (χ2=6.877, P<0.01). At the 3th and 10th day after the surgery, scores of pain, edema, wound exudates, wound area and wound granulation tissue were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Mean healing time of wound was (11.5±2.1) days, which was less than (13.7±2.5) days in control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.01). At the 10th day after treatment, expression of wound's vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF, bFGF and MOD in observation group were more than that in control group (P<0.01). After treatment, PDFG, VEGF and bFGF in serum of observation group were higher than those in control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.01). There was no adverse reaction caused by Longxuejie capsule and Jiuhua ointment. Conclusion: Longxuejie capsule and Jiuhua ointment can promote the recovery of wound, and shorten healing time. Its mechanism may be correlated with regulation of the expressions of VEGF, PDFG and bFGF, and promotion of formation of wound capillary blood vessels, granulation tissue growth and repair.关键词：ring mixed hemorrhoids;Longxuejie capsule;Jiuhua ointment;wound repair;vascular endothelial growth factor;basic fibroblast growth factor;platelet-derived growth factor;angiogenesis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the effects of Huoxue Tongmai tablets on thickness and stability of vulnerable plaques in carotid artery, and investigate their action mechanism from anti-platelet activation and anti-inflammatory response. Method: One hundred and fifty patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table. Patients in control group received Bayaspirin enteric-coated tablets, 100 mg/time, 1 time/day, Atorvastatin calcium tablets, 10 mg/time, 1 time/day. Based on the treatment in control group, the patients in observation group added Huoxue Tongmai tablets, 5 tablets/time, 3 times/day. The treatment course was 4 months in both groups. Before and after treatment, thickness of carotid intima of the carotid artery (IMT) was detected by color Doppler ultrasound; bilateral carotid plaque score was calculated by Crouse plaque integration method.The maximum blood flow velocity (Vmax) of common carotid artery systolic stage, the minimum blood flow velocity (Vmin) of diastolic stage, resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were detected. Levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-C (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C) were detected. Levels of activity marker protein of platelet surface CD62 p, CD63 and receptor complex of glycoprotein (GP)Ⅱb/Ⅲa, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) were detected. In addition, the scores of blood stasis syndrome were graded and safety evaluation was evaluated both before and after treatment. Result: After treatment, thickness of IMT, numbers of plaques and scores of Crouse in observation group were less than those in control group (P<0.01). Vmax and Vmin were faster than those in control group, and PI was lower than that in control group (P<0.01). Levels of TG, TC and LDL-C and CD62 p, CD63 and receptor complex of GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa and scores of blood stasis syndrome, as well as levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α and MMP-9 were lower than those in control group, while the level of HDL-C was higher than that in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Huoxue Tongmai tablets can shrink the plaque, reduce plaque thickness, ameliorate carotid blood flow, decrease degree of platelet activation and anti-inflammatory response, make plaques stable, regulate lipid metabolism, decrease blood stasis syndrome, and all of those can prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.关键词：carotid vulnerable plaques;Huoxue Tongmai tablets;platelet activation;inflammation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To summarize the medication principles of prescriptions for epilepsy from Prescription Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM). Method: Prescriptions used for epilepsy were collected from the Prescription Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine to establish the literature research database of Chinese medicine prescriptions in treating epilepsy and analyze the medication principles of prescriptions through data mining (frequency analysis, clustering analysis, correlation analysis). Result: A total of 532 prescriptions and 488 herbs were involved in the literatures about treating epilepsy. The herbs with high usage frequency in the prescriptions included Cinnabaris, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix Et Rhizoma, Bovis Calculus; and deficiency-nourishing drugs, sedative drugs, liver wind calming drugs, clearing-heat drugs and expectorant drugs were mainly used. Six clustering combinations can be formed based on clustering analysis of high frequency drugs. Through correlation analysis, we obtained 22 correlated rules of medicine pairs and combinations. Conclusion: The prescription regularity of epilepsy medicines is dominated by wind-dispelling and tetany-relieving, live-coursing and Qi moving, orifices-opening and spirit-arousing, blood-quickening and stasis-transforming, and tranquilizing mind by nourishing the heart. TCM for treating epilepsy shall be based on syndrome differentiation caused by such factors as liver wind, stagnated fire, accumulation of phlegm, blood stasis and Qi-movement disturbance, and give consideration to the factor of the deficiency of righteousness.关键词：epilepsy;Prescription Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine;data mining;medication regularity
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Toexplore the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescriptions for embryonic diapause, in order to provide reference for the clinical treatment of blighted ovum. Method: Based on Chinese Medical Classics(edition V), literatures of TCM prescriptions for treating embryonic diapause were collected. Totally 52 prescriptions recorded in the TCM Inheritance Platform System were about medication rules. Result: With a high repetition rate, Bazhentang showed the highest repetition rate.Totally 84 TCMs were involved, including 29 TCM herbswith the usage frequency ≥ 3.Furthermore, the 24 groups of commonly used drug combinations involved 8 TCM herbs and 27 groups of association rules. Finally, 6 core combinations and 3 new prescriptions are evolved from the database. Conclusion: In the ancient literatures,tonic medicines are the major medicine for embryonic diapause, and thehealthy movement of the spleen and stomach functiona on the normal development of the embryo was emphasized, particularly the medicines nourishing Qi to invigorate spleen,nourishing blood and Qi circulation and activating blood circulation. The new prescriptions strengthening spleen, supplementing Qi, regulating blood and resolving phlegm were developed as the main principles, which provide ideas and reference for clinical treatment.关键词：embryonic diapause;traditional Chinese medicine inheritance platform system;ovum blighted;analysis of prescriptions and herbs
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To systematically evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of salvianolate injection (SI) in treating acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Method: Randomized controlled trials regarding ACI treated by SI and routine western medicine were searched in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, China Science and Technology Journal database, Wanfang database, Chinese Biomedical Literature database, PubMed and Cochrane library. Two reviewers independently retrieved randomized controlled trials(RCTs) and collected information. The Cochrane risk of bias method was used to assess the quality of included studies, and a Meta-analysis was conducted with Review Manager 5.3 software. Result: A total of 7 studies involving 622 participants were included. The pooled results showed that SI group was significantly superior to the routine western medicine group in alleviating neurologic impairment[MD=-2.56, 95%CI(-3.19,-1.93), P<0.000 01], improving the activities of daily living[MD=-0.54, 95%CI(-0.89,-0.19), P<0.000 01], reducing the degree of disability[MD=9.90, 95%CI (7.21, 12.59), P<0.000 01], improving cognitive function and quality of life of the acute cerebral infarction patients. Additionally, SI can alsoimprove the total effective rates and reduce the serum levels of C reactive protein. Among them, one article made clear that there was no adverse drug reactions(ADRs) in the studies, 2 studies reported 7 ADRs. All of the other literatures did not define the safety. Conclusion: Compared with routine western medicine, the combined use of SI and routine western medicine was more effective, and worth promotionin clinical practice. However, the safety has been defined and shall be further studied with a bigger clinical trial sample size.关键词：salvianolate injection (SI);acutecerebral infarction (ACI);system evaluation;Meta-analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To provide the specific ideas for Beijing drug regulatory department to formulate and improve the targeted regulatory measures,and provide technical basis for pharmaceutical enterprises to carry out the 2010 revision of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) more normally. Method: The defective items of 108 drug manufacturers in the new version of GMP certification inspection from Beijing during the period of Jan. 2015-Jun. 2016 were analyzed through frequency distribution method. Result: A total of 1 063 defective items had been found in 108 companies,and most of them were distributed in quality control and quality guarantee,document management and equipment,which were accounted for 24.37%,19.85% and 15.99%.The main issues reflected that the management of the quality control laboratory was not standardized;the file content was not accurate and not clear and not complete;equipment and instruments status identification was not in conformity with the requirements,etc. Conclusion: Drug regulatory department should formulate corresponding regulation measures and strengthen supervision.Pharmaceutical enterprises should formulate corresponding solutions for common defects project,strengthen internal management,make specific training plan,increase the intensity of training,promote the implementation of the new version of GMP.关键词：Good Manufacturing Practice;certification inspection;defective items;training;document management;equipment
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by increased platelet destruction and decreased platelet production and mucocutaneous bleeding. Traditional Chinese and western medicine hematology experts reached the consensus to name the disease as "purpura disease". The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) etiology of ITP is complex, including exogenous and internal injuries.The TCM pathogenesis are mainly exogenous pathogenic heat, hemopyretic bleeding, spleen Qi deficiency, Qi dysfunction in blood control, liver-kidney Yin deficiency, flaring up of deficient fire, stagnation of blood stasis, failure of blood to circulate in vessels. In recent years, clinical and animal experimental researches have showed some progress in the mechanism of TCM in the treatment of ITP, including inhibition of platelet associated antibody production, reduction of platelet destruction and improvement of platelet function, promotion of maturation of megakaryocytes and increase in platelet production; regulation of cell immunity and humoral immunity, and restoration of immune function from disorder to balance. In this paper, clinical and experimental studies on TCM in the treatment of ITP were analyzed and summarized to provide a reference for the evaluation of the mechanism of TCM in the treatment of ITP and the new drugs research and development.关键词：immune thrombocytopenia;purpura disease;traditional Chinese medicine;etiology and pathogenesis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Insulin resistance (IR) is an important pathophysiological mechanism of type 2 diabetes.Treatment of IR becomes the key to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes. At present, the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes have developed from hypoglycemic therapy as the main purpose into comprehensive treatment strategy with insulin resistance as the target.Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) polysaccharide has a good curative effect in improving IR of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Compared with western medicine for treating IR of type 2 diabetes mellitus, TCM polysaccharide has higher safety, good curative effect andlow price. However,there is no scientific and systematic summarizationfor the mechanisms of TCM polysaccharide on type 2 diabetes IR. In this paper, CNKI database was retrieved with ‘polysaccharide, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance’ as key words to collect, analyze and summarize all of literatures of TCM polysaccharides in treatment of diabetes, in order to summarize effects and mechanisms of TCM polysaccharides for treating type 2 diabetes,provide reference for future studies related to polysaccharide species,dosage of TCM and taking time, and developed new preparations with a higher convenience, bettercurative effect and higher safety.关键词：polysaccharide;type 2 diabetes;insulin resistance
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Lignans compounds are widely found in hundreds of plant families, such as lauraceae, pinaceae, angiospermae, nutmeg, pepper, fructus schisandrae, magnoliaceae, berberidaceae, compositae, thymelaeaceae and aristolochiaceae. According to the difference of branched chains, it can be divided into multiple structural types, including diaryl butane, diaryl butyrolactone, aryl naphthalene, tetrahydrofuran, bistetrahydrofuran, coumarone, double loop octane, biphenyl type, etc. Among them, bistetrahydrofuran (2,6-diary-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane) is also known as bisepoxylignan, and a type of structure connected hrough 8-8', 7-9-O', 9-O-7'. So far, more than 100 types of such compounds in the monomeric form have been found in nature. These compounds have wide biological activities, which has been increasingly reported and mainly include anti-tumor, hepatoprotection, antioxidation, antiviral, anti-inflammation and immune suppression. In this paper, biosynthetic pathways of these compounds, chemical structures and structure analysis were summarized to provide reference for further studies.关键词：tetrahydrofuran lignans;structure analysis;natural product;research progress
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发布时间：2024-01-04
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