最新刊期
卷 23 ， 期 17 ， 2017
- 摘要：Formula is the important embodiment of principle-method-recipe-medicines,treatment according to syndrome differentiation as well as the features and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Coding system for formulas of TCM can solidify the features and advantages of Chinese,form a digital computer language and spread out in the form of standards.It guarantees rapid,accurate,safe information transmission and exchange.Coding Rules for Chinese Medicinal Formulas and Their Codes (GB/T 31773) was issued by General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of PRC and Standardization Administration of PRC on May 29,2015;while Coding System for Formulas (ISO/DIS 20334) is under development in International Organization for Standardization (ISO).We conducted the comparative study on the GB/T 31773 and ISO/DIS 20334 to expound the similarities and differences between them,such as title,encoding rules,scope,Korean four-constitution formulas and so on.This essay aims at promoting the application of coding system for formulas in the field of medical and health system,intelligent pharmacy and others.关键词：formulas of traditional Chinese medicine;coding;national standard;international standard;four-constitution medicine
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发布时间：2024-01-04 -
Preparation of Paeonol Self-microemulsion Transdermal Delivery System with Peppermint Oil as Carrier
摘要：Objective: To prepare paeonol self-microemulsion system and evaluate its transdermal absorption characteristics. Method: The pseudo-ternary phase diagram was prepared by adding the emulsifier titration method,the types and components of emulsifiers and co-emulsifier were screened,and the maximum drug loading of paeonol self-microemulsion was determined.The appearance of the microemulsion was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The particle size distribution and Zeta potential of the microemulsion were determined by laser scattering particle size analyzer.The transdermal absorption characteristics of paeonol self-microemulsion were investigated by Franz diffusion cell method. Result: Taking peppermint oil as the oil phase,tween-80 as the emulsifier and absolute ethanol as the co-emulsifier, and the ratio of these components was 2: 6: 2.The maximum drug loading of paeonol self-microemulsion was 100 mg · g-1,its appearance was regular spherical,the average particle size was (63.2±0.27) nm and the Zeta potential was (0.14±0.29) mV.The cumulative release amount of paeonol in the self-microemulsion was 589.10 μg · cm-2 per unit area at 12 h. Conclusion: The prepared paeonol self-microemulsion system is clear and transparent with stable properties,its particle size is suitable,which is in accordance with the requirement of self-microemulsion preparation,and the transdermal absorption effect of this preparation is good.关键词：peppermint oil;paeonol;self-microemulsion;transdermal absorption;tween-80;cumulative transcutaneous permeation amount;particle size- 2
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate effect of X-ray irradiation on the contents of triterpenoids and flavonoids in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma for increasing the mutation rate of cultivated product of this herb,and lay a foundation for molecular breeding of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Method: Different radiation doses of X-ray were used to irradiate the seeds of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,which were cultivated for one year.The contents of two triterpenoids and four flavonoids were assayed by HPLC.And nonparametric test were used to analyze the contents and yields of these six components. Result: The contents and yields of these six components in radiation samples were higher than that in blank group.The yields of triterpenoids and flavonoids showed an increasing-decreasing-increasing pattern with the increase of radiation dose.Compared with the blank group,the yields of six components in radiation group increased dramatically at the radiation dose of 5 Gy,and declined slightly at the radiation dose of 10 Gy,then increased again at the radiation dose of 20 Gy,and reached the peak at the radiation dose of 50 Gy. Conclusion: X-ray irradiation treatment can increase the biomass of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and improve the contents and yields of six active components,its mechanism may be associated with gene mutation,which changes the accumulation of metabolites.关键词：Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;X-ray;liquiritin;isoliquiritin;liquiritigenin;isoliquiritigenin;18β-glycyrrhizic acid;18α-glycyrrhizic acid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize the processing technology of stir-baked Aspongopus and establish its quality standard. Method: Stir-baking processing technology was optimized by taking processing temperature,processing time and speed of stir-baking machine as independent variables,content of dopamine dimer,analgesic rate of Aspongopus,yield of alcohol soluble extracts as evalution indexes,single factor tests and orthogonal test were adopted.Ten different batches of Aspongopus were stir-baked by the best processing technology,then the content of total ash and alcohol soluble extracts were determined. Result: The best technology of stir-baked Aspongopus was as follows：processing temperature at 170 ℃,processing time of 5 min,speed of 50 r · min-1.It was recommended total ash content of stir-baked Aspongopus be not more than 5.2% and alcohol soluble extracts should not be less than 16.8%. Conclusion: The optimized process is reasonable and reliable with good stability and simple method,which can provide a scientific basis for standardizing the processing technology and quality standard of Aspongopus.关键词：Aspongopus;processing technology;orthogonal test;analgesic rate;dopamine dimer;alcohol soluble extract
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the ecotype difference between Ophiopogonis Radix in Sichuan and Zhejiang province,and to provide a reference for the further study of the biological essence of geoauthentic medicinal materials. Method: Based on the traditional Chinese medicinal herbs of Ophiopogonis Radix,including 75 samples,the ecological difference between Ophiopogonis Radix in Sichuan and Zhejiang province was studied by molecular identification and ecological factors analysis. Result: It can be found that a stable variation existed at the 49 site in the psbA-trnH sequence of Ophiopogonis Radix in Sichuan and Zhejiang province,Ophiopogonis Radix in Sichuan as base adenine(A) and Ophiopogonis Radix in Zhejiang as base guanine(G),this feature was both sequence difference.Ecological factor analysis showed that Sichuan and Zhejiang two regions had different geographical climate ecotype. Conclusion: There are obvious differences in genotype and ecological factors between Ophiopogonis Radix in Sichuan and Zhejiang province.关键词：Ophiopogonis Radix in Sichuan province;Ophiopogonis Radix in Zhejiang province;DNA barcode;psbA-trnH sequence;geoherbalism;ecotype differences
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the stems of Datura metel. Method: The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel and ODS chromatogram columns together with semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by 1H-NMR and 13 C-NMR as well as HR-ESI-MS data. Result: Fourteen compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the 70% ethanol extract from the stems of D. metel, which were identified as N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-hydroxyethyl)]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) prop-2-enamide (1),3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydro-xyphenyl)-2-methoxyethyl] acrylamide (2),N-trans-p-coumaroyloctopamine (3), N-cis-feruloyltyramine (4),N-trans-feruloyl-3',4'-dihy-droxyphenylethylamine (5),N-trans-feruloyl tyramine (6), trans-N-p-coumaroyltyramine (7),androsin (8),daturataturin A (9),baimantuoluoside H (10), daturametelin A (11), citroside A (12), methyl-9,12,13-trihydroxyoctadeca-10,15-dienoate (13) and (9E)-8,11,12-trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid methyl ester (14). Conclusion: Compounds 1 and 8 were isolated from the plants of Solanaceae for the first time and compounds 2 - 5 were isolated from Datura genus for the first time.关键词：Solanaceae;chemical constituents;alkaloids;withanolides;structure elucidation;Datura metel
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints of Aconitum sinomontanum from different areas, determine the contents of two alkaloids, and provide basis for quality control of A. sinomontanum. Method: HPLC-DAD method was developed to establish fingerprints for A. sinomontanum, and the contents were determined by Dikma spursil C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), with acetonitrile-0.05 mol · L-1 sodium phosphate dibasic solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. Similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine (2012 edition) was used to confirm the common peaks in 10 batches of samples and evaluate the similarity. SPSS 21.0 statistical software was used to make principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) for the HPLC fingerprint. Result: The common mode for A. sinomontanum fingerprint was established; the similarity was greater than 0.90 in 10 batches of A. sinomontanum medicinal herbs; 11 common fingerprint peaks were identified, and the content of lappacontine and ranaconitinewas determined. All batches of samples can be classified into four groups by using CA, reflecting the quality characteristics of 10 batches of A. sinomontanum in different areas. Four principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 89.748% were screened by using principle component analysis to obtain five chemical compositions that could determine the quality of A. sinomontanum.. Conclusion: The HPLC fingerprint, PCA and CA methods can objectively, effectively and comprehensively evaluate the quality of A. sinomontanum.关键词：Aconitum sinomontanum;fingerprint;principal component analysis;cluster analysis;different areas;lappacontine;ranaconitine
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of ten flavonoids in Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis and compare the flavonoids and polysaccharide contents in samples from different habitats. Method: The determination was carried out by an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm), with 0.1% formic acid-water (A) and 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile (B) as mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.6 mL · min-1, and the column temperature was 40 ℃. MS instrument was equipped with ESI- ion source, and the extracted ion chromatograms were obtained with negative ion detection mode, quantified by using peak area. Result: The ten flavonoid components had good linearity, r>0.998 5, and the precision, repeatability, stability and accuracy of the established method were well-validated, RSD<3%. The recovery was 96.6%-104.7%, RSD<3.5%. The results showed that there were significant differences in the composition and content of flavonoids in Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis from different habitats; the contents of polysaccharide and mannose in the 14 batches of samples were consistent with the pharmacopoeia standards. Conclusion: The established method is proved to be rapid,accurate and sensitive for the determination of flavonoids content in Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis. Moreover, the quantitative results combined with Chinese Pharmacopoeia indexes may provide basis or the improvement of quality standards of this herbal medicine.关键词：Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis;flavonoids;UPLC-MS/MS;polysaccharide
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the metabolites from the endophytic fungus Penicillium oxalicum of Malus halliana. Method: An endophytic fungus CLP001 was separated from the leaves of M. halliana and identified through its 18SrDNA ITS sequence analysis.The fermentation products were obtained by liquid static culture method, and further isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatograghy and preparative HPLC method, and their structures were identified through spectral data and physiochemical properties. Result: The endophytic fungus CLP001 was identified as P. oxalicum CLP001 on basis of their similarity of 99%.Ten compounds were isolated and identified as trilinolein (1), 1,2-dilinolein (2), 1-monolinolein (3), monacetin (4), palmitic acid (5), linoeic acid (6), ergosterol (7), 1-D-arabinitol-monolinoleate (8), uracil (9), and (E)-butenedioic acid (10). Conclusion: Among them, compounds 1 - 4, 8 and 10 were isolated for the first time from this genus.关键词：endophytic fungi;Malus halliana;Penicillium oxalicum;metabolites
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the main chemical components and anti-tumor activities of essential oil from the leaves of Polyalthia consanguinea, and provide experimental basis for further research and development of P. consanguinea. Method: The essential oil from the leaves of P. consanguinea was extracted by steam distillation method to calculate its yield; then gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze its chemical components. MTT assay was used to investigate the inhibitory effect of essential oil on the proliferation of leukemia cells (K-562), liver cancer cells (BEL-7402), lung cancer cells (SPC-A-1) and gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901). Result: The extraction yield of P. consanguinea oil was 0.83%; 65 chromatographic peaks were detected and 44 compounds were identified, accounting for 84.382%of the total essential oil. The major components were monoethylhexyl phthalate (16.824%), diphenylamine (10.321%), diisobutyl phthalate (8.904%) and spathulenol (4.920%). Conclusion: The results of anti-tumor activity showed that the essential oil had moderate inhibitory activity against the four tumor cell lines. The inhibition ratio was above 80%for K-562, BEL-7402 and GSC-7901 cells proliferation in the high concentration sample group. The assay exhibited good inhibitory effect against K-562 and BEL-7402 cell lines with IC50 value of 3.78,8.14 g · L-1 respectively, which was better than positive control mitomycin C. Meanwhile, the essential oil showed moderate inhibitory effect against SGC-7901 cell line with IC50 of 22.94 g · L-1.This experiment has provided scientific foundation for further utilization of P. consanguinea.关键词：Polyalthia consanguinea;essential oil;GC-MS;anti-tumor activity
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the dynamic changes of rutin, naringin, scutellarin, hesperidin, quercetin and kaempferol contents in three jujube leaves(‘Huizao’,‘Junzao’ and ‘Suanzao’) from Xinjiang within one growth cycle, determine their appropriate picking periods, and provide a scientific basisfor comprehensive development and utilization of jujube. Method: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the content and dynamic changes of 6 flavonoids in 3 jujube leaves, and the chromatographic separation was performed on cosmosil C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile-0.2% formic acid solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The detection wavelength was set at 280 nm and column temperature was 25℃. Result: Six flavonoids components were well separated at baseline with good linearity(r≥0.999), and their mass fraction range was as follows: rutin 1.33-11.59 mg · g-1,naringin 0.35-3.51 mg · g-1, scutellarin 0.61-1.74 mg · g-1, hesperidin 0.11-2.81 mg · g-1, quercetin 0.008-0.37 mg·g-1 and kaempferol 0.01-0.03 mg · g-1. Flavonoid contents were different in three kinds of jujube leaves, and their mass fraction was influenced significantly by ripening stages, which was higher in the germination period and flowering period, and was lowest at fruit-setting period. Conclusion: The established HPLC method is simple, accurate and repeatable for content determination. For the purpose of using flavonoids, jujube leaf bud can be collected at the beginning of April to get higher yield.关键词：jujube leaves;Zizyphus jujube cv. Junzao;Zizyphus jujube cv. Huizao;Zizyphus jujube var. spinosa;flavonoid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To clarify the characteristics of aroma components of Guizhou green tea, and provide basis for further studying the quality and style positioning of Guizhou green tea. Method: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 12 green tea samples from three different processing conditions (curling type, flat type, and particle type) were analyzed by using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS). Result: A total of 77 main VOCs were obtained from 12 Guizhou green tea samples above.The aroma of three types of green tea was mainly of flower aroma and fruit aroma compositions.The average content of flower aroma components accounted for a total of 27.1%, and the average fruit aroma content accounted for a total of 24.3%. The types and contents of volatile componentswere slightly different in three green tea types.The flat tea had highest content of phenylethyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol; particle type tea had highest content of linalool and 1- amyl -3- alcohol; curling type tea had highest content of phenylethyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol. Conculsion: The aroma was slightly different among Guizhou green tea with different processing conditions. All the three types of Guizhou green tea were characterized primarily by the floral and fruity smelling with a sweet scent, in which the flat and particle types were characterized by fresh scent, and the curling type was characterized by fragrant smelling.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To isolate alkaloids from Tabernaemontana divaricata. Method: The air-dried powdered leaves of T. divaricata were extracted with CH3OH at room temperature. The CH3CH2OH extract was partitioned between ethyl acetate and 2 mol · L-1 H2SO4, and the acidic aqueous phase was basified with NaOH to pH 9-10 and the alkaloids were extracted with CHCl3.The crude alkaloids were subjected to silica gel chromatography,MCI chromatography,and Sephadex LH-20 column to isolate alkaloids,and their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods. including NMR and mass spectrometry and comparison with literature. Cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated by the MTT method. Result: Six monoterpenoid indole alkaloids were isolated and their structures were elucidated as ervaramine-type: ervatamine (1),20-epiervatamine (3)；vobasine-type: tabernaemontanine (2),dregamine (4),and aspidosperma-type: (-)-mehranine (5) and tetrahydroalstonine (6). Conclusion: Compounds 4 and 6 were isolated from T. divaricata for the first time. All the alkaloids were assessed for their cytotoxicity against five human tumour lines (HL-60,SMMC-7721,A-549,MCF-7 and SW-480), and the result showed that none had activity.关键词：Tabernaemontana divaricata;alkaloids;structural identification
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the disturbance behavior of rutin and flavonoids in celery on the B-Z oscillating system, and provide a new simple and rapid method for determining the content of rutin and flavonoids. Method: The typical B-Z chemical oscillating system was used with rutin and the extraction of flavonoids in celery samples asoscillating substrate and disturbance component. A certain amount of rutin aqueous solutions was added to the above oscillating system at different periods to investigate the disturbanceruleson the oscillating spectra and oscillatingparameters; and the change of potential (E) with time (t) was recorded by using B-Z oscillation experiment device. Result: Under optimal conditions (stirring speed of 500 r·min-1, reaction temperature of 37 ℃), the rutin was added in the peak position, and the disturbance rules of different concentrations of rutin on oscillating parameters showed good linear relationship between turin mass concentration and variation of oscillation period (T) within the range of 8.0×10-3-2.6×10-2 g·L-1. The linear equation: ΔT(s) = 699.4 × [rutin content] + 4.5, with the regression coefficient 0.996 8 and detection limit of 1.0×10-7 g·L-1 (S/N=3). Based on the standard curve of rutin by B-Z oscillating system, the determined contents of flavonoids in celery were comparable with those in the determination by using UV spectrophotometry. Conclusion: A new determination method for flavonoids content by using chemical oscillation technique is established, with advantages of short time, simple operation and low cost.关键词：rutin;B-Z chemical oscillation;disturbance;flavonoids;UV spectrophotometry
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyze the influence of mix-fring with honey technics on volatile components of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Method: Steam distillation was used to extract the volatile oil from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and GC-MS was used to analyze and identify these components,carrier gas was helium,temperature was rose by program,ionization mode was electron bombardment ion source.The relative contents of each component was calculated by area normalization method. Result: After analysis and identification,36 components were identified in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,20 components were identified in its processed product and there were 4 common components,including ethylbenzene,6,6-dimethylfenene,cyclohexanone and phthalic acid,butyl 2-pentyl ester.Before and after mix-fring with honey,the relative contents of 4 common components also had obvious changes from 0.03%, 0.12%, 0.12%, 0.14% to 3.37%,10.84%,13.24%,7.57%,respectively. Conclusion: The mix-fring with honey technics can change the compositions and contents of volatile components in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.关键词：Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;mix-fring with honey;volatile oil;ethylbenzene;cyclohexanone;phthalic acid,butyl 2-pentyl ester;6,6-dimethylfenene
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study on the metabolites in plasma,urine,feces and bile samples of rats after oral administration of rutin. Method: After disposable intragastric administration of rutin at a dose of 50 mg · kg-1,samples of plasma,urine,feces and bile were collected at different time points,and then all the samples were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Result: A total of 22 metabolites of rutin were identified,including 7 metabolites in plasma,19 metabolites in urine,12 metabolites in feces and 15 metabolites in bile.Phase Ⅰ metabolites of rutin were hydrolytic metabolites and phase Ⅱ metabolites mainly included glucuronidation,sulfation and methylation metabolites. Conclusion: Rutin exists a variety of metabolic pathways in rats.The metabolites mainly include deglycosylated products and metabolites of quercetin.This study provides important information on the metabolism of rutin,which will be helpful for the further development and utilization of rutin.关键词：rutin;quercetin;glucuronic acid;methylation;urine;feces;bile
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the metabolites of Tongluo Qingnao injection in urine of rats after tail vein administration. Method: An UPLC-Q-TOF-MS method was used to analysis the metabolites of 12 h urine samples of rats after tail vein administration of Tongluo Qingnao injection. Result: Seven prototype components (baicalin,geniposide,notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1,Rb1,Rd,Re) and 10 metabolites (4 from baicalin and 6 from geniposide) were detected and identified in rat urine,including glycosylated metabolites (B-M1,G-M2 and G-M4),glucuronide metabolite (B-M2),methylated metabolite (B-M3),hydrolytic metabolite (B-M4),demethylation metabolite (G-M1),dehydrogenation metabolite (G-M3) and hydroxylated metabolites (G-M5 and G-M6),while the ginsenosides were temporarily unable to detect metabolites in the urine. Conclusion: Prototype components and metabolites of multiple metabolic pathways of baicalin and geniposide are detected in rat urine after tail vein administration of Tongluo Qingnao injection,but notoginseng total saponins are only detected in the prototype and temporarily failed to detect metabolites.关键词：Tongluo Qingnao injection;metabolites;baicalin;geniposide;Notoginseng total saponins;glucuronidation;glucosylation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of serum containing Potentilla purpurea on the proliferation and transdifferentiation of renal tubular epithelial cells in mice with high glucose. Method: Serum containing drugs were prepared for various groups. 10% fetal bovine serum(FBS)-roswell park memorial institute 1640(RPMI 1640) medium was used for culture of renal tubular epithelial cells in mice and then they were planted on 96 well plate with 3 000 cells per well. The cells were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal group, high glucose group, irbesartan group and P. purpurea group; 6% serum containing corresponding drugs was added to high glucose RPMI 1640 medium; and then the cell morphology was observed in all groups at 12, 24, 48, and 60 h. In addition, absorbance A of all groups was detected by the tetramethylthiazolate (MTT) colorimetric method. Ras homologous gene family member A (RhoA), Rho protein kinase 1 (ROCK1), α-smoothmuscleactin (α-SMA) and E-cadherin (cadherin-E) protein expression levels were detected by Western blot after 24 hours of high glucose culture. Result: In high glucose group, the form of renal tubular epithelial cells changed from the flat irregular polygon into long fusiform; after corresponding drug-containing serum was added, the cells became flat in irregular polygon. The glucose group of renal tubular epithelial cells showed obvious proliferation condition at 12 h (P<0.05) and extremely significant proliferation at 24, 48, 60 h as compared with normal group (P<0.01). P. purpurea group could inhibit renal tubular epithelial cell proliferation at 12 h (P<0.05), and the effect was significantly enhanced at 24, 48, 60 h (P<0.01) as compared with high glucose group. P. purpurea group could inhibit renal tubular epithelial cell proliferation at 48, 60 h as compared with irbesartan group (P<0.05). In addition, as compared with model group, the expression of E-cadherin protein was increased significantly, and the expression levels of RhoA, ROCK and α-SMA protein were decreased significantly in P. purpurea group (P<0.01). Conclusion: The serum containing P. purpurea could inhibit the proliferation of renal tubular epithelial cells and transdifferentiation of renal tubular epithelial cells in mice with high glucose, thus delaying the progress of interstitial fibrosis, and the mechanism may be associated with RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.关键词：Potentilla purpurea;renal tubular epithelial cell;RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway;transdifferentiation(EMT)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the effect of Qingzao Jiufei Tang on proliferation, invasion and metastasis-related proteins nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1), matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) expression in CT26 mice colon cancer cells. Method: A total of 50 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into model group, chemotherapy group [50 mg · kg-1 · (2d)-1], high, medium and low-dose groups (15.2, 7.6, 3.8 g · kg-1 · d-1), with 10 mice in each group. The colon cancer model was established by right axillary injection with CT26 cells. Qingzao Jiufei Tang group was given the corresponding dose of drug two weeks before modeling, 5-FU group [50 mg · kg-1 · (2 d)-1] and model group (same volume of saline) started injection after modeling. Two weeks later, all of the mice were put to death, and tumor tissues were collected and weighed. We detected the expressions of NF-κB, VEGF, VEGFR-1, MMP-9 by the Western blot method. Result: The tumor weights of the high-dose group and the medium-dose group were decreased, compared with model group (P<0.01). The tumor inhibition rates of the chemotherapy group and high, middle and low-dose groups were 83.90%, 60.98%, 44.39%, 21.46%. Compared with model group, the protein expressions of NF-κB and VEGF were significantly reduced, with significant differences between them (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with model group, the protein expressions of VEGFR-1 and MMP-9 were significantly lower in high, medium and low-dose groups, with significant differences between them (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Qingzao Jiufei Tang can reduce the protein expressions of NF-κB, VEGF, VEGFR-1, MMP-9, and inhibit the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells in CT26 mice.关键词：Qingzao Jiufei Tang;colon cancer;nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB);vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF);vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1);matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of different concentrations of Celastrus orbiculatus extract (COE) on proliferation and apoptosis of U251 cells (a glioblastoma cancer cell line), and its possible molecular mechanism. Method: U251 cells at the logarithmic growth phase were divided into control group and COE-treated group. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay and 5-bromo-2-deoxy uridine(BrdU) incorporation experiment were performed to observe the inhibitory effect on cell viability and proliferation, respectively. Annexin V/PI double staining was used to detect the effect of COE on U251 cell apoptosis. Ultrastructural changes of U251 cells after COE treatment were observed under transmission electron microscope; the protein expressions of apoptosis marker B-cell lymphoma-2/Bcl-2-associated X (Bcl-2/Bax) and Caspase-3 were detected by Western blot. Result: Compared to control group, the proliferation of U251 cells in COE-treated group were significant inhibited by COE (P<0.05). COE could induce the early apoptosis and ultrastructure changes of U251 cells, and apoptotic bodies were observed under transmission electron microscope. The protein expressions of Bcl-2/Bax and Caspase-3 were changed in a concentration dependent manner. Conclusion: COE can effectively inhibit the proliferation of U251 cells by down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2/Bax and increasing the protein expression of Caspase-3, and promoting the apoptosis of cell, suggesting that COE can be used as a drug candidate for treating glioblastoma.关键词：Celastrus orbiculatus extract (COE);glioblastoma;U251 cell line;proliferation;apoptosis;transmission electron microscope
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Gexia Zhuyutang on oxidative stress and glutathione (GSH) antioxidant system in liver tissues of rats with hepatic fibrosis. Method: A total of 60 rats were randomly divided into blank group, normal group, model group, and Gexia Zhuyutang group. The hepatic fibrosis model of rats was established by intraperitoneal injection of porcine serum twice weekly (0.5 mL/rat), and Gexia Zhuyutang (crude drug 7.37 g · kg-1 · d-1) or normal saline was simultaneously administered daily by gavage for 12 weeks. Malondiadehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels in liver tissues were determined by colorimetric method. Real-time PCR was used to analyze glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLc) mRNA expression, and Western blot was used to analyze the glycogen synthasc kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation and GCLc protein expression in the liver. Result: As compared with the model group, Gexia Zhuyutang significantly inhibited MDA content and increased GSH content in fibrotic liver tissues, up-regulated GCLc expression, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein expression, and increased GSK-3β) phosphorylation level. Conclusion: Gexia Zhuyutang exhibited remarkable antioxidant activities in livers tissue of the porcine serum rat model, which may be correlated with the enhancement of the glutathione antioxidant system via activating Nrf2 signaling pathway.关键词：hepatic fibrosis;Gexia Zhuyutang;oxidative stress;glutathione;glycogen synthasc kinase-3β
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the efficacy differences of various combinations of Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Gastrodiae Rhizoma in treatment of blood stasis type migraine. Method: Total 42 SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: normal group (Z), model group (M), sham-operated group (J), Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Gastrodiae Rhizoma groups A (1: 4), B(4: 1), C(1: 1), and Sumatriptan group positive control group(Y). In groups A, B, C, intragastric administration of Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Gastrodiae Rhizoma concentrated solution at 20 mL · kg-1 · d-1 was given for continuous 8 weeks; in groups Z and J, water and sumatriptan solution at 20 mL · kg-1 · d-1 was given respectively for 8 weeks by intragastric administration. SD rats received subcutaneous injection of hydrochloride (0.8 mg · kg-1) and trinitrin(10 mg · kg-1) after ice bathing to establish blood stasis type margarine models. Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-Keto-PGF1α) in serum and nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), CGRP, endothelin (ET) in brain tissues were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result: As compared with the normal group, the levels of NO, NOS, CGRP, 6-Keto-PGF1α and the ratio of NO/ET in serum, and the levels of NO, NOS, ET, CGRP, TXB2 and 6-Keto-PGF1α in brain tissues were increased in model group (P<0.05). As compared with the model group, NO/ET, CGRP and 6-Keto-PGF1α in serum were reduced (P<0.05) in Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Gastrodiae Rhizoma 4: 1 group, TXB2 content and TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α ratio were increased (P<0.05). Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Gastrodiae Rhizoma 4: 1 group could reduce NO, ET, TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1α levels in brain tissues and NOS activity (P<0.05), and increase the ratio of TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α (P<0.05) in brain tissues. Conclusion: All the combination groups were effective for blood stasis type migraine, and group(4: 1) had the best efficacy in consideration of multiple indexes.关键词：various combinations of Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Gastrodiae Rhizoma;migraine;blood stasis;enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha(6-Keto-PGF1α)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the underlying mechanism of Cinnamomi Ramulus (CR)' s protective effect on the central nervous system damages in mice induced by Ephedrine Herba (EH). Method: According to weight, KM mice were randomly assigned into saline group, EH group, EH-CR 3: 2 group, EH-CR 3: 1 group and CR group. After intragastric administration for 14 days, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) levels in brain tissues were detected with ELISA, and NLRP3 inflammasome was detected by Western blot. Result: As compared with the normal saline group, SOD activity was reduced in EH group, while the levels of MDA, NO, TNOS and iNOS were increased (P<0.01); the expression levels of Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC) and cysteine aspartic acid protease-1(Caspase-1) were up-regulated (P<0.01); but CR group showed no significant difference. As compared with EH group, CR combined with EH could significantly increase SOD activity in brain tissue (P<0.05, P＜0.01), reduce the MDA, NO, TNOS, iNOS production(P<0.05, P＜0.01), and down-regulate the NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 protein expressions (P<0.05, P＜0.01). Conclusion: CR has protective effect on the central nervous system damages induced by EH, and its mechanism may be associated with increasing antioxidant ability, reducing oxidant damage and attenuating NLRP3 inflammasome expression.关键词：Cinnamomi Ramulus;Ephedrae Herba;central nervous system;oxidant damage;NLRP3 inflammasome
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the effect of hyperoside (Hyp) on the damaged blood-brain barrier (BBB) induced by amyliod-beta protein (Aβ1-42) in vitro model. Method: In this experiment, Hyp intervention was used for the injury of fibrous Aβ1-42-mediated bEnd.3 cells and primary astrocytes (astrocytes, As) BBB co-culture models. By detecting the permeability of sodium fluorescein in various culture groups, BBB permeability changes were compared between various groups to evaluate the effect of Hyp on permeability of Aβ1-42-mediated BBB; methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) was used to detect cells vitality and uncover the effect of Hyp on it; then in order to explore its protection mechanism, the apoptosis related proteins were detected by Western blot. Result: As compared with the model group, BBB permeability was reduced in Hyp low, middle and high dose groups (P<0.05, P<0.01); bEnd.3 cells activity was improved in Hyp middle and high dose groups (P<0.05); Western blot results showed that the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, cleaved cysteine aspartic acid protease-3(Caspase-3)/Caspase-3 and the expression levels of cytochrome-C (Cyt-C) were declined obviously in the Hyp groups, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Hyp could inhibit the fibrous Aβ1-42-induced permeability increase of BBB via protecting cerebral microvascular endothelial cells..关键词：hyperoside (Hyp);fibrous Aβ1-42;blood-brain barrier (BBB);permeability;apoptosis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Cortex Mori flavone extracts on nonalcoholic fatty liver in type 2 diabetic rats. Method: Total 24 male rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal group, model group and Cortex Mori flavone extracts group (1.0 g · kg-1). The model of type 2 diabetes mellitus with nonalcoholic fatty liver was established by intraperitoneal injection of low dose streptozocin (STZ) combined with high fat diet. At the 16th week of gavage treatment, the fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were observed and compared. Oil red O staining and HE staining were used to observe the pathological changes of the liver, and Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) mRNA. Result: After 16 weeks of intervention, the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) in model group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05). After the application of Cortex Mori flavone extracts, the above biochemical indexes dropped significantly in Cortex Mori flavone extracts group. As compared with normal control group, the oral glucose tolerance test showed that the insulin sensitivity was decreased in the model group, and it was significantly improved after the application of Cortex Mori flavone extracts(P<0.05). The results of oil red O staining showed that a large amount of red dye was observed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in the model group, but no red dye was found in the cytoplasm of the hepatocytes of the Cortex Mori flavone extracts group. HE staining showed that the liver cells in the model group had obvious vesicular steatosis, and the lipid droplets in the partial hepatocytes were fused into large fat vacuoles; meanwhile, infiltration of inflammatory cells was seen in the leaves. However, the structure of hepatocytes in the Cortex Mori flavone extracts group was normal. The expression levels of VEGF and PDGF mRNA in the liver of the model group were significantly higher than those in the normal group, and the levels were significantly decreased after treatment with Cortex Mori flavone extracts(P<0.05). Conclusion: Cortex Mori flavone extracts have certain therapeutic effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver in type 2 diabetic rats, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of VEGF and PDGF mRNA expression in the liver.关键词：Cortex Mori flavone extracts;type 2 diabetes mellitus;nonalcoholic fatty liver;vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF);platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the protective effect of oxymatrine (OMT) on rat primary cardiomyocyte injury induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1),and explore its mechanism. Method: Primary cardiomyocytes of SD neonatal rats were isolated by trypsin digestion method and purified by differential adhesion method.The cardiomyocytes was divided into four groups,such as the normal group,model group (TGF-β1,20×10-5 g · L-1),OMT high-dose group (TGF-β1+0.1 g · L-1 OMT) and OMT low-dose group (TGF-β1+0.05 g · L-1 OMT).After being preincubated with OMT for 2 h,and then TGF-β1was added to establish myocardial cell injury model by coculture for 48 h.MTT method was adopted to detect cell viability,and the external leakage of lactate dehydrogenase was analyzed by biochemical method,Western blot was used to detect p38,extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) protein expression levels. Result: TGF-β1 significantly induced cardiomyocyte injury,cardiomyocyte viability decrease and LDH leakage increase were significantly attenuated by OMT with dose of 0.1,0.05 g · L-1.OMT (0.1 g · L-1) could inhibit the expression of p-p38,p-JNK,p-ERK1/2 in myocardium induced by TGF-β1;but it had no effect on total protein expression of p38,JNK and ERK1/2. Conclusion: OMT has protective effect on cardiomyocyte injury induced by TGF-β1,and its mechanism may be involved in inhibiting phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2 and JNK protein.关键词：oxymatrine;cardiomyocytes;transforming growth factor-β1;mitogen-activated protein kinase;myocardial protection
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the protective effect and mechanism of Gei Herba extract (GHE) on memory and learning ability of rats model of vascular dementia (VD). Method: Rats with vascular dementia were prepared with bilateral carotid artery ligation. Then the rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely sham operation group, model group, GHE high, medium and low dose groups (7, 3.5,1.75 g · kg-1), and Taponing positive control group (0.007 g · kg-1). The corresponding drug was given by oral administration for 35 d, once a day. The behavior tests were carried out by water maze task on day 30-35 to test the memory and learning abilities of the rats, then they were sacrificed at the end of water maze test. The protein expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) assolated X protein(Bax), Bcl-2, nerve neurotrophic factor-3(NT-3) and nerve neurotrophic factor-3(BDNF) in hippocampal CA1 region of brain samples collected after the last administration were detected by immunocytochemistry. Result: GHE high and middle dose groups can significantly shorten the escape latency and increase the number of cross platforms (P<0.05); GHE high, middle and low dose groups can significantly decline the expression levels of Bax and rise the expression levels of Bcl-2, NT-3 and BDNF (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: GHE can improve learning and memory abilities of VD rats, and its mechanism may be related to the promotion of NT-3 and BDNF expression in hippocampal CA1 region and the inhibition of neurons apoptosis.关键词：Gei Herba extract;vascular dementia;learning and memory;nerve neurotrophic factor 3;brain-derived neurotrophic factor
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of serum containing Duhuo Jisheng Tang on cell metabolism, bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) and the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) in articular cartilage of rats with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and complement the theory basis for the clinical application of Duhuo Jisheng Tang. Method: Hulth method was adopted to establish the KOA model rats, and after successful modeling, enzyme digestion method was used for primary culture of KOA cartilage cells. Forty rats were divided into Duhuo Jisheng Tang low, middle and high dose groups (0.85, 1.7, 3.4 g · kg-1) and glucosamine sulfate group (0.3 g · kg-1). After 14 days of intragastric administration, serum was taken. Cultured cells can be divided into normal control group, model group, Duhuo Jisheng Tang drug-containing serum groups (high, middle and low dose groups) and positive control group. Then crystal violet method was used to test the cell proliferation of each group; fluorescent TUNEL method was used to measure the cell apoptosis of each group.The mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), MMP-3, ColⅡ, Aggrecan, BMP-7 and SIRT1 in chondrocytes were detected by Real-time PCR, and the protein expression levels of MMP-13, MMP-3, ColⅡ, Aggrecan, BMP-7 and SIRT1 were detected by Western blot in each group of cartilage cells. Result: ① As compared with the normal control group, the proliferation was significantly decreased in model group. As compared with the model group, the proliferation of chondrocytes was significantly increased in Duhuo Jisheng Tang low, middle, and high dose groups and positive control group (P<0.01). ② As compared with the normal control group, the number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased in model group. As compared with model group, the apoptotic rate of chondrocytes was significantly decreased in Duhuo Jisheng Tang low, middle, high dose groups and positive control group (P<0.01). ③As compared with the normal control group, the expression levels of MMP-13 and MMP-3 were increased, and the expression levels of ColⅡ, Aggrecan, BMP-7 and SIRT1 were decreased in the model group. As compared with the model group, the expression levels of MMP-13, MMP-3 mRNA and protein in the low dose group had no significant difference; the expression of MMP-13, MMP-3 mRNA and protein were significantly decreased in the positive control group and Duhuo Jisheng Tang middle and high dose groups, and the expression levels were decreased with the dose increasing. The expression levels of ColⅡ, Aggrecan, BMP-7 and SIRT1 in the positive control group and the low, middle and high dose groups were increased, and the levels were increased with the increase of the dose (P<0.01). Conclusion：Serum containing Duhuo Jisheng Tang can increase the expression of BMP-7 and SIRT1 KOA in chondrocytes, increase metabolism, and inhibit synthesis of KOA cartilage cells, thus inhibiting the apoptosis of KOA chondrocytes and promoting the regeneration of cartilage cells treat KOA.关键词：Duhuo Jisheng Tang;knee osteoarthritis (KOA);cell metabolism;cartilage cells;bone morphogenetic protein-7
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of amyloid beta (Aβ) injury-based human brain microvascular endothelial cell culture solution on normal neuronal apoptosis and the intervention effect of Tongxinluo capsule, in order to investigate the protective effect of Tongxinluo on brain microvascular and brain neurons and its possible mechanism. Method: The experiment was divided into blank group, normal group, model group, Aβ injury group, Tongxinluo group, Huperzine A group. The blank group was normal neuron group, The normal group was normal human brain microvascular endothelial cells-cultured neuron group. In the other 4 groups, 20 mol · L-1 Aβ was used to induce damage in brain microvascular endothelial cells. Among them, the early intervention was made for the Tongxinluo group (pretreatment with 400 g · mL-1 Tongxinluo for 6 h) and the huperzine A group (pretreatment with 100 g · mL-1 huperzine A for 6 h). The damaged cell culture fluid was cultured in normal brain neurons. At the end of experiment, neuron apoptosis and apoptosis protein and gene expressions were detected. Result: The culture fluid of brain microvascular endothelial cells after Aβ damage could increase apoptosis rate of neurons in the brain, and directly cause severer cerebral neuron apoptosis than Aβ. After the early intervention with Tongxinluo, human brain microvascular endothelial cells-induced cerebral neuron apoptosis rate decreased, and apoptosis gene and protein expressions reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01), with a better effect than western medicine huperzine A (P<0.05). Conclusion: The apoptosis of neurons could be further accelerated in Alzheimer's disease(AD), and Tongxinluo protects brain microvascular endothelial cells and brain neurons. This suggests that Tongxinluo capsule has a double protective effect on AD neurons in the brain and brain microvascular endothelial cells.关键词：Tongixnluo capsule;amyloid β-protein (Aβ);human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC);endothelial cells apoptosis;intervention effect
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the inhibitory effect of total flavone of Litchi Semen(TFLS) on colorectal cancer cell line HT29 and its effect on mRNA and protein expressions of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Method: Colorectal cancer cell line HT29 was cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of TFL (0, 0.16, 0.32, 0.64, 1.28, 2.56 g · L-1). After TFL treated for 24, 48, 72 hours, the inhibition effect on proliferation was detected by [3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide, MTT] analysis. Reverse transcription PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of NF-κB, TLR4, IL-1β. The protein expressions of NF-κB, TLR4, IL-1β were detected by Western blot analysis. Result: MTT method showed that TFL could inhibit HT29 cell proliferation in a time and dose dependent manner. The treatment for 72 h and the concentrations of 2.56 g · L-1 showed the highest inhibition rate. After treated with TFL for 72 hours, both of NF-κB, IL-1β mRNA and protein expressions decreased in the TFL group, compared with blank group, particularly in 0.64 g · L-1 and 2.56 g · L-1 concentration groups (P＜0.05). TFL down-regulated TLR4 gene expression in HT29 cell line (P＜0.05), but with insignificant differences in protein expressions. Conclusion: TFL can significantly inhibit the proliferation of HT29 cells in vitro. NF-κB may be TFL's key factor in inhibiting HT29 cell line proliferation.关键词：total flavone of Litchi Semen(TFLS);HT29;nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB);Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4);interleukin-1β (IL-1β)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of Puerarin on gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury. Method: The acute kidney injury model was built with gentamicin in Wister rats and divided into the no injury control group (blank group), the acute kidney injury model group (model group), and different doses of Puerarin treatment groups (subcutaneous injection of 0.5, 5, 50 mg · kg-1 Puerarin). Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to observe the morphological changes in renal tissues of rats in each group; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) contents in kidney tissues of rats were detected in each group. Meanwhile, the changes of serum creatinine (SCr), urinary creatinine (UCr), blood urea nitrogen (SBUN) and urea urea nitrogen (UBUN) levels were determined in all groups. Changes in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and other inflammatory protein contents were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). And changes in the kidney injury molecular-1 (KIM-1) expression in renal tissues were detected by Western blot. Result: Compared with the no injury control group, in the gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury group, renal tubular necrosis score were increased, SCr, UCr, SBUN and UBUN content increased, the activity of SOD, TAOC decreased, the content of MDA and iNOS activity significantly increased, and MCP-1, TNF-α, RANTES, MIP-2 contents and KIM-1 protein content increased significantly(P<0.05). In different concentrations of Puerarin groups, scores for renal tubular necrosis in rats with acute kidney injury were decreased gradually, SCr, UCr, SBUN and UBUN decreased, while SOD,TAOC activity increased, MDA content, and iNOS activity decreased, MCP-1, RANTES, TNF-α, MIP-2 contents and KIM-1 protein expression decreased gradually (P<0.05). Conclusion: Puerarin can significantly reduce renal tubular necrosis in acute kidney injury rats induced by gentamicin, enhance function and antioxidant capacity of kidney tissues, and inhibit inflammatory reaction and KIM-1 protein expression, so as to reduce acute renal injury induced by gentamicin.关键词：puerarin;gentamicin;acute kidney injury;inflammatory factors;antioxidation;molecular-1 (KIM-1)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the hypolipidemic effect of Cassiae Semen on hyperlipidemia model rats, and inspect tissue lesions of main toxic target organs, in order to provide the reference for safe, effective and rational use of traditional Chinese medicine Cassiae Semen. Method: The hyperlipidemia model was established with high-fat feeding for 28 d, and randomly divided into 5 groups: model group and 4 Cassiae Semen water decoction groups (0.315, 1.575, 3.15, 6.3 g · kg-1). After continuous lavage for 90 d, the effect of Semen Cassiae on the hyperlipemia model rats on general conditions, serum lipid levels, liver blood lipid levels, serum biochemical index, and pathological sections of liver and kidney tissues were detected to evaluate the dose-effect (toxicity) differences among various doses of Cassiae Semen. Result: Compared with model group, Cassiae Semen 3.15, 6.30 g · kg-1 dose group showed significant decreases in serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (P<0.01), and significant increases in high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) (P<0.01). The levels of TC and TG in liver were significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) was significantly increased (P<0.01, P<0.05) in liver, suggesting that Cassiae Semen has a certain cholesterol-lowering effect. Liver tissue sections of various doses of Cassiae Semen showed vacuole-like degeneration and swelling in hepatocytes, hepatic nucleus pycnosis and necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration in hepatic sinus. Kidney tissue sections revealed renal tubule epithelial cell swelling and degeneration, and renal interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration. And with the increase in dose, the number of lesions increased, and lesion damage became more serious. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in blood of three dose groups (3.15, 1.575, 6.30 kg-1) were significantly higher than those of model group (P<0.01, P<0.05), suggesting that Cassiae Semen has a certain hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity after long-term intake, and thus shall not be taken in a high-dose manner for a long term. Conclusion: Cassiae Semen has a certain toxic effect after long-term intake, and thus shall be cautiously used.关键词：Cassiae Semen;hypolipidemic;safety;water decoction;effect-toxicity relationship
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safeness of Gandou decoction combined with sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate in the treatment of Wilson's disease (WD) with damp-heat syndrome. Method: Totally 245 WD patients were collected and divided into two groups: treatment group (125 cases) and control group (120 cases). The treatment group was treated with Gandou decoction combined with sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate, while the control group was treated with sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate alone. Before and after treatment, global assessment scale (GAS) was used to score. The clinical and laboratory parameters were observed. Result: After 4 courses of treatment, patients in two groups showed obvious alleviations in neurological symptoms, and the score of GAS in treatment group decreased more obviously. The treatment group also showed alleviations in laboratory indexes, like asalanine aminotrans (ALT), aspertate transaminase (AST) and 24-hour urinary, compared with control group. White blood cell were found to be unchanged in treatment group, but greatly dropped in control group. Adverse reaction was reported, with obvious differences between two groups. The commonest adverse reactions were leukocytopenia, hepatic impairment, abdominal discomfort and neurological deterioration. Conclusion: The regimen of Gandou decoction combined with sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate is an effective and safe therapy for patients of WD with damp-heat syndrome.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of double treasure decoction on serum progesterone (P), β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG), interferon-γ(INF-γ), interleukin (IL)-2,IL-4, IL-10 levels, as well as its clinical efficacy for threatened abortion, investigate its effect on endocrine and cytokines and explore its tocolysis mechanism from the angle of maternal-fetal immune regulation and endocrine. Method: This prospective, randomized controlled study was conducted on the patients in Gynecology Outpatient Department of Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2013 to November 2013.A total of 140 threatened abortion patients were recruited for the study. The volunteers were screened before enrollment and randomly allocated into two groups: 70 cases of Chinese medicine group and 70 cases of western medicine group.Patients in Chinese medicine received oral administration of double treasure decoction, and patients in western medicine group received oral administration of progesterone and intramuscular injection of HCG. Method of chemiluminescence was used to detect the concentration of P and β-HCG; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the concentration levels of serum cytokines INF-γ, IL-2 and IL-4, IL-10. Result: The concentration levels of serum P and β-HCG in Chinese medicine group were significantly higher than those in western medicine group (P<0.05); as compared with western medicine group, the contents of serum cytokines INF-γ and IL-2 were decreased significantly, while the contents of IL-4 and IL-10 were increased significantly in Chinese medicine group(P<0.05). Conclusion: The double treasure decoction can significantly improve the endocrine hormone and the levels of cytokines in patients with threatened abortion, and greatly improve the success rate of preventing miscarriages, further demonstrating that Strengthen Kidney for Fetus-soothing is the major solution of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of threatened abortion.关键词：threatened abortion;endocrine;double treasure decoction;serum progesterone (P);β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG);interferon-γ(INF-γ);interleukin (IL)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the clinical efficacy of Jianpi Liqi Huashi dispensing granules in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients with syndrome of spleen-deficiency and damp-heat and investigate its effect on free acid (FFA), homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI). Method: According to the standard, 96 nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients with syndrome of spleen-deficiency and dampness-heat were enrolled and randomly assigned to control group and treatment group according to 1: 1 ratio by using random number table, 48 patients in each group. Based on the exercise and diet adjustment, patients in control group received placebo granules, and the patients in treatment group received Jianpi Liqi Huashi dispensing granules. Treatment course was 24 weeks for both groups. Relevant examinations were performed before and after treatment to evaluate the efficacy, and the changes of FFA, HOMA-IR and APRI were observed. Result: The total effective rate was 82.5% in treatment group, higher than 52.5% in control group (P<0.01). After treatment, FFA levels were significantly decreased in both groups (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the decrease was more obvious in treatment group (P<0.01); HOMA-IR levels were significantly decreased than those before treatment in both groups (P<0.01), and the decrease in treatment group was more obvious (P<0.01). As compared with before treatment, APRI level was slightly decreased in control group after treatment, but the difference was not statistically significant, and APRI level was significantly decreased in treatment group, significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Jianpi Liqi Huashi dispensing granules has good curative effect for nonalcoholic steahepatitis patients with syndrome of Spleen-deficiency and damp-heat, can significantly reduce the level of FFA, and improve insulin resistance and liver fibrosis.关键词：Jianpi Liqi Huashi dispensing granules;nonalcoholic steatohepatitis;syndrome of spleen-deficiency and damp-heat;free fatty acid;insulin resistance;hepatic fibrosis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To discuss the clinical efficacy of add and subtract dialectics of Huposan on endometriosis (EMs) with blood stasis syndrome and investigate its effect on inflammation factors. Method: One hundred and thirty-eight patients with EMs were randomly divided into control group 69 cases and observation group 69 cases by random number table. The control group adopted mifepristone, 12.5 mg/time, 1 time/day. In observation group, the patients received add and subtract dialectics of Huposan, 1 dose/day. The treatment course was 6 months in both groups. Score of pain in menstrual period was graded by visual simulation score (VAS), and scores of pelvic pain, sexual intercourse pain, pelvic tenderness, sacral ligament tenderness nodules and blood stasis syndrome were graded at non-menstrual period both before ans after treatment. In addition, the levels of serum thromboxane-2 (TXB2), 6-Keto prostaglandins F1α (6-Keto-PGF1α), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), estrogen (E2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were detected both before and after treatment. Result: The total effective rate was 95.38% in observation group, higher than 81.25% in control group (χ2=6.269, P<0.05). In the variance analysis of repeated measurements, during 6 menstrual cycles, scores of VAS were decreased(Fcontrol=6.903, Fobservation＝7.632, P<0.05). In paired t-test, at the 3th, 4th, 5th and 6th menstrual cycles, scores of VAS in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). After treatment, scores of pelvic pain, pain in intercourse, pelvic tenderness, tenderness of the sacral ligament, and blood stasis scores, and levels of CA125, E2, TXB2 and 6-Keto-PGF1α, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 in observation group were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Add and subtract dialectics of Huposan can ameliorate pain and decrease levels of estrogen, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 to ameliorate conditions in patients with endometriosis pain (blood stasis syndrome).关键词：endometriosis;pain;blood stasis syndrome;Huposan;dialectical treatment;inflammatory factors
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the negative conversion role to virus and clinical effect of add and subtract treatment of Zhidaifang in treating chronic cervicitis with HPV infection and investigate its regulation effect on levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-4. Method: One hundred and ninety patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table. Patients in both groups received of cervical loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). After surgery, the patients in control group (89 cases) received Zhidaifang, 5 tablets/time, 3 times/day by oral. And the patients in observation group (91 cases) received add and subtract Zhidaifang, 1 dose/day. The treatment course was 4 menstrual cycles for both groups. Before and after treatment, scores of erosion area, erosion type, vaginal cleanliness, the amount of vaginal discharge, vulvar itching, contact bleeding, damp of abdominal or back pain were graded. Human papillomavirus DNA (HPV-DNA) was detected, and negative conversion conditions of HPV-DNA and viral load of HPV were recorded. Levels of IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-4 in serum were detected both before and after treatment. Result: Ridit analysis showed that, the clinical efficacy and effect on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms in observation group were better than those in control group after treatment (P<0.05). Scores of erosion area, erosion type, vaginal cleanliness, the amount of vaginal discharge, vulvar itching, contact bleeding and damp in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Viral load of HPV in observation group was lower than that in control group (P<0.01). Negative conversion rate of HPV-DNA was 79.12% in observation group, higher than 62.92% in control group (P<0.05). The levels of IFN-γ were increased after treatment in both groups, and the increase was more obvious in observation group (P<0.01). Levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were decreased in both groups, and the decrease was more obvious in observation group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Add and subtract Zhidaifang can ameliorate symptoms and signs of chronic cervicitis, promote HPV negative conversion, and reduce HPV-DNA load, with obvious clinical efficacy, and the mechanism may be related to regulating imbalance of Th1/Th2.关键词：chronic cervicitis;damp syndrome;Zhidaifang;human papillomavirus;interferon-γ;interleukin-10;interleukin-4
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To mine and analyze potential function of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma using the Pujifang database management system, literatures and modern pharmacology studies and clinical application, in order to expand the scope of clinical application. Method: The Pujifang database management system was used to retrieve the distribution and compositions of ancient compounds containing Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma, and study the overall functions. Meanwhile, the functions of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma recorded in old herbalism documents were investigated by comprehensive summary. The results were further compared with Chinese Pharmacopeia to find the similarities and differences of its ancient and present functions, and explore its potential functions. This could be verified by modern pharmacological study and clinical application. Result: In the Pujifang database, 758 ancient compounds containing Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma were retrieved and used to treat 317 symptoms, which were divided into 30 categories. According to the disease-based functions, the functions of inducing resuscitation, improving eyesight and hearing, stopping dysentery, antispasmodic, warming stomach and resolving dampness were consistent with the records in Chinese Pharmacopeia. However, the functions of treating stroke, arthralgia, cough and asthma, ache, itch, concretions and gatherings, sore carbuncle were not recorded. Modern pharmacological studies and clinical application showed that Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma can suppress hyperactive liver for calming endogenous wind, expel cold and remove dampness, control cough and asthma, kill parasites to relieve itch, soften hardness to dissipate stagnation, and remove toxicity for eliminating carbuncles. Conclusion: Through data analysis, literature research and modern pharmacology studies and clinical application, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma is proved to suppress hyperactive liver for calming endogenous wind,expel cold and remove dampness, relieve cough and asthma, kill parasites to relieve itch, soften hardness to dissipate stagnation, and remove toxicity for eliminating carbuncles. However, its function of relieving pain shall be further verified by modern pharmacological studies.关键词：Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma;herbalism;Pujifang database;potential function
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To analyze the experience and herbal prescription rules of professor LIU Wei-sheng in treating lung cancer by using the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) inheritance system (V2.5) software. Method: We collected the prescriptions used for lung cancer cases at Professor LIU's clinic in the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from February 2016 to February 2017, and screened the prescriptions to establish a formula database. Based on association rules, revised mutual information,complex system entropy cluster, unsupervised hierarchical clustering and other data mining methods, the principle experience and rules were analyzed and summarized. Result: Totally 290 cases were included, with 290 prescriptions and 148 herbs. The frequency of each herb and association rules of the herbs included in the database were identified.A total of 24 herbs had a frequency of more than 65, and top 5 herbs with high using frequency were Scutellariae Barbatae Herba (267), Hedyotidis Herba (265), Scorpio (238), Persicae Semen (228), and Epimedii Folium (221), whose common clinical dosage was 20, 20, 10, 10, and 15 g respectively. There were 32 combinations of related herbs with degree of support level of 185 and the confidence level of 0.95.Top 5 herb combinations of high using frequency were Hedyotidis Herba-Scutellariae Barbatae Herba (259), Scorpio-Scutellariae Barbatae Herba (226), Hedyotidis Herba-Scorpio (223), Hedyotidis Herba-Scorpio-Scutellariae Barbatae Herba (220), and Persicae Semen-Scutellariae Barbatae Herba (218).With association degree of 9 and punishment degree of 2, 22 groups of core herbs combinations and 11 new prescriptions were developed. Conclusion: Professor LIU Wei-sheng mainly used herbs of eliminating cancer toxin and strengthening the benefit-Qi in treating lung cancer. He advocated expelling toxic heat, removing blood stasis, resolving phlegm and underlined the protection of spleen Qi and kidney with a particular emphasis at nourishing and warming kidney-Yang. He thought cancer toxin is the direct factor of lung cancer, and deficiency of vital Qi is the key to the development of lung cancer.关键词：primary bronchogenic carcinoma of lung;Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance System;LIU Wei-sheng;herbal administration experience;toxin-attack and strengthen the benefit-Qi
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Myocardial hypertrophy, a compensatory and adaptive response of the heart, resulted from the heart's adapting to the overloading pressure. Pathological hypertrophy in left ventricle is prevalent in various cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, arrhythmia and would even cause sudden cardiac death. Many influence factors could result in left ventricular hypertrophy, such as mechanical factors, nervous-humoral factors, cytokines, and signal pathways; they form a complex regulatory network, therefore drug combination with multiple targets is required for attaining precautionary and therapeutic effect. Currently, drugs used to treat left ventricular hypertrophy mainly include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker, calcium channel blockers, β-receptor blockers and diuretic, et al. Though many kinds of drugs can be used to treat left ventricular hypertrophy diseases, modern western medicines are limited to treat left ventricular hypertrophy because of single target and plentiful adverse reactions, while traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has become the focus in treatment of left ventricular hypertrophy due to multiple components and targets. Underlying mechanisms of effective components of TCM in left ventricular hypertrophy may involve renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, inflammatory factors, signal pathways and so on. The present study has reviewed the effects and mechanism of effective components (such as flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, alkaloids, and lactones) in TCM in preventing and reversing left ventricular hypertrophy through CNKI, Pubmed, Sciencedirect databases. This paper will provide evidence for exploring new therapeutic targets to restrain hypertrophy in left ventricle and finding new active substances.关键词：effective components of traditional Chinese medicine;left ventricular hypertrophy;ventricular remodeling;cytokines;signal pathways
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发布时间：2024-01-04
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