最新刊期
卷 23 ， 期 18 ， 2017
- 摘要：Objective: To prepare resveratrol liposomes and evaluate its anti-tumor effect in vitro.Method: The resveratrol liposomes were prepared by film dispersion-ammonium sulfate gradient method and the free resveratrol was filtered by sephadex G-50 column afterwards.Moreover,the particle size and Zeta potential of liposomes were characterized by laser particle size analyzer.C6 glioma cells were cultured for 4 days and their logarithmic growth phase was decided by cell growth curve.These cells were tested in several experiments in vitro as below.The antiproliferative effect of free resveratrol on C6 glioma cells were evaluated by sulforhodamine B(SRB) method,while the antiproliferative effect of resveratrol liposomes on C6 glioma cells were tested by the same way.Furthermore,the apoptosis effect on C6 glioma cells treated by free resveratrol were tested by flow cytometry method.Also,the apoptosis effect on C6 glioma cells treated by resveratrol liposomes were observed by the same way.The uptake effect of resveratrol and resveratrol liposomes on C6 glioma cells were all determined by this method.Result: The particle size of blank liposomes and resveratrol liposomes were separately (144.57±0.93) nm and (139.97±0.64) nm,while their Zeta potentials were respectively (-6.70±0.93) mV and (-7.00±0.74) mV.The logarithmic growth phase of C6 glioma cells was between 36 h to 48 h.The SRB method showed that the inhibitory effect on C6 glioma cells treated by resveratrol liposomes was (91.70±0.60)%,which was significantly higher than(73.30±0.56)% of free resveratrol(P<0.05).The apoptosis effect on C6 glioma cells induced by resveratrol liposomes was (27.18±0.96)%,which was obviously higher than (20.03±0.85)% of free resveratrol(P<0.05).The uptake effect of resveratrol liposomes was (77.61±1.67)%,which was also significantly higher than (67.79±1.19)% of free resveratrol (P<0.05).Conclusion: Compared with free resveratrol,resveratrol liposomes has a more significant antiproliferative effect against C6 glioma cells,and has a stronger apoptosis effect on C6 glioma cells.The number of resveratrol liposomes that uptake is obviously more than that of free resveratrol.It is concluded that the resveratrol liposomes built in this study shows strongest anti-tumor effect on C6 glioma cells in vitro by comparing with other controlled groups.关键词：resveratrol;liposomes;sulforhodamine B protein;uptake;apoptosis;anti-tumor;C6 glioma cells
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To optimize main preparation technology of Shufeng Dingchuan granules.Method: Ovalbumin was used to prepare bronchial asthma model in guinea pigs.The guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal group,model group,aminophylline group,Kechuanning group,Shufeng Dingchuan granules routing 1,2,3 and 4 groups.From the 15th day,the guinea pigs were placed in the apparatus which can cause asthma.The normal group were spray with saline,the other groups sprayed with 10% ovalbumin for consecutively 7 days,2 times a day,15 min at a time.At the same time,the normal group and model group were orally given normal saline,and the other groups were orally given the drug during the middle time of 2 times induced asthma for consecutively 7 days.With the length of asthma incubation time and asthma episodes time,the contents of interleukin-4(IL-4),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) as indexes to determine the main preparation technology of Shufeng Dingchuan granules.Result: Compared with the model group,routing 1,2,3 and 4 groups could reduce the contents of IL-4,TNF-α and IgE in asthma guinea pigs (P<0.01),and delay the asthma incubation period and asthma episodes period (P<0.01).Compared with Kechuanning group,the routing 4 samples could delay the asthma incubation period and asthma episodes period (P<0.05).Compared with aminophylline group,the routing 4 samples could delay the asthma incubation period (P<0.05).Compared with the routing 2 group,the routing 4 group could delay the asthma incubation period (P<0.05).Conclusion: Routing 4 is selected as the main preparation technology of Shufeng Dingchuan granules to further optimize the technological parameters.关键词：Shufeng Dingchuan granules;process route;asthma;interleukin-4;tumor necrosis factor-α;immunoglobulin E;aminophylline;Kechuanning oral liquid
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study on volatile components in different processed products of Bupleuri Radix,and to reveal the processing rule of ‘don't make a fire’.Method:Analysis was adopted by headspace injection combined with GC-MS,HP-5 MS column was used;the initial temperature was 60℃,which maintained 2 min,with the pace of 10℃ · min-1 to become 250℃,which maintained 10 min.Ionization mode was electron impact(EI),electron energy was 70 eV,the ion source temperature was 230℃,quadrupole temperature was 150℃,injection volume was 1 μL,the relative content of volatile components were determined by area normalization method,and its compounds were identified by headspace injection combined with GC-MS.Result: The volatile components in crude Bupleuri Radix accounted for 89.21% of total detective,turtle blood mixed Bupleuri Radix occupied 97.37%,turtle blood fired Bupleuri Radix occupied 98.00%,Bupleuri Radix processed by wine occupied 94.90% and Bupleuri Radix processed by vinegar occupied 98.88%.The processed products were a total of pentanal,1-pentanol,hexanal,heptaldehyde and other ingredients,hexanal was the highest components in crude Bupleuri Radix,turtle blood mixed Bupleuri Radix and turtle blood fired Bupleuri Radix.The contents of pentanal,heptaldehyde and 2-pentylfuran in turtle blood fired Bupleuri Radix were higher than those of the other processed products.Hexanoic acid was the unique component in Bupleuri Radix processed by vinegar.Conclusion: The volatile components in different processed products of Bupleuri Radix have great difference,which is an important material basis for their efficacy.关键词：Bupleuri Radix;volatile components;processed products;turtle blood;pentanal;1-pentanol
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To assess difference of fingerprints and index constituents in couplet medicines of Lonicerae Similis Flos-Scutellariae Radix before and after compatibility.Method: The separation was performed on InertSustain C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) with mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid solution for gradient elution at the flow rate of 1.0 mL · min-1,the column temperature was set at 25℃,the injection volume was 10 μL,the detection wavelengths were set at 327 nm(0-27,43-62 min),237 nm(27-33 min),274 nm(33-43,90-120 min),280 nm(62-90 min).The fingerprints of single and mixed decoction of 10 batches of Lonicerae Similis Flos and Scutellariae Radix were established,common peaks were demarcated and their respective control fingerprints were gained.Attributing analysis of common peaks in the fingerprints after compatibility was adopted and the contents of index ingredients through the 11 kinds of mixed control were determined.Result: Twenty-six common peaks were marked in the HPLC fingerprints of couplet medicines;9 derived from Lonicerae Similis Flos and 17 derived from Scutellariae Radix;the peaks of 1,2,3,4,13,14,15,18,23,25,26 corresponded to neochlorogenic acid,chlorogenic acid,cryptochlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,isochlorogenic acid B,isochlorogenic acid A,isochlorogenic acid C,baicalin,wogonoside,baicalein,wogonin,respectively.The number of peaks had no change before and after compatibility,but the contents of index ingredients made differences.Conclusion: There are no differences in chemical ingredients from couplet medicines of Lonicerae Similis Flos-Scutellariae Radix before and after compatibility,but the dissolution of main effective components affects each other.关键词：Lonicerae Similis Flos-Scutellariae Radix;chlorogenic acids;flavonoids;couplet medicines;compatibility;fingerprint;baicalin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish a method for determination of verbascoside and isoacteoside in Rehmanniae Radix simultaneously by HPLC,and to compare content changes of isoacteoside in Rehmanniae Radix and its processed products.Method: Contents of verbascoside and isoacteoside were determined by HPLC,Waters-Symmetry ShieldTM RP18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) was employed with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% acetic acid solution (18:82),flow rate of 1 mL · min-1,column temperature at 30℃,detection wavelength of 334 nm and injection volume of 20 μL.Result: There was no isoacteoside in fresh Rehmanniae Radix temporarily,but through a certain temperature and time of processing,isoacteoside can be determined.In Rehmanniae Radix samples steamed at different times,the content change of verbascoside and isoacteoside was a dynamic change process,and the steaming time had a great effect on the content of isoacteoside in Rehmanniae Radix.Baked at a certain temperature,it can produce isoacteoside in fresh Rehmanniae Radix,but in the different time periods,the content of isoacteoside did not change obviously.Verbascoside and isoacteoside could be transformed into each other under certain conditions.Conclusion: Production of isoacteoside in Rehmanniae Radix is partly from the transformation of verbascoside;isoacteoside can be considered as a one of the quality control indexes of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata.关键词：Rehmanniae Radix;Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata;processing;verbascoside;isoacteoside;temperature;baking time
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate effect of borneol on in vitro release and percutaneous absorption behavior of compound Chinese medicine eczema cremor,and to explore the feasibility of composition improvement of this compound.Method: Modified Franz diffusion device was employed with isolated BALB/c nude mice skin as a barrier,in vitro percutaneous absorption effectiveness of compound Chinese medicine eczema cremor with or without borneol was compared by in vitro percutaneous test.HPLC was used to determine the content of matrine with mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (containing 0.05% triethylamine,adjusting pH to 3.5 with phosphoric acid) (2:98) and detection wavelength at 220 nm.Result: Cumulative permeation amount of matrine in the cremor with borneol at various time points after administration was higher than that in cremor without borneol.In vitro percutaneous absorption behaviors of matrine in cremor with or without borneol were in line with zero-level process,in vitro percutaneous penetration in 12 h nearly constant speed.Cumulative permeability of matrine in cremor with borneol was 6.37% in 12 h,while that of matrine in cremor without borneol was 4.99%.Conclusion: Borneol has a certain promoting effect on transdermal absorption of matrine in compound Chinese medicine eczema cremor,and it can be added into the original compound.关键词：traditional Chinese medicine;eczema;borneol;transdermal absorption test;matrine;alkaloids
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate influence of different processing methods on quality of Polyporus,and to establish its reasonable origin processing method.Method: Ten kinds of drying methods,including drying in the sun,drying in the shade,drying at different temperature,were adopted to treat Polyporus.Water content,drying rate,total ash and acid insoluble ash contents were determined according to the methods in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia,phenol-sulfuric acid method was employed to measure the content of total polysaccharides at 625 nm and the content of ergosterol was determined by HPLC.Result: There was small differences in the traits of Polyporus and significant differences in the contents of active ingredients with various processing methods,the drying rate of Polyporus was large under drying at >40℃ and water content was small;under drying at 40,50℃,total ash and acid insoluble ash contents of Polyporus were low,the contents of ergosterol and total polysaccharides were high.Conclusion: In the comprehensive analysis of content of active components,production costs and other factors,drying at low temperature (40,50℃) is the appropriate processing method for Polyporus.关键词：Polyporus;origin processing;drying methods;ergosterol;total polysaccharides;ash;drying rate
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To systemically evaluate the quality of Chinese compound Shuanghuanglian preparations (SHL, including capsules, granules, and oral liquid) based on the new concept of Q-Marker.Method: A qualitative analytical method of ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was developed for quick identification of multi-constituentsin SHL. The source, specificity and related pharmacological effectsof chemical constituents were confirmed by analyzing biosynthetic pathway and component specificity. The qualitative assay was performed on a Waters CORTECS C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.6 μm) with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile (A) and 0.1% formic acid solution (B) as gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.25 mL·min-1. The column temperature was 45℃ and Q-TOF-MS was used in negative ion mode. Secondly, an HPLC-DAD analytical method was developed for simultaneously determining 22 major compound (including neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, cryptochlorogenin acid, loganin, sweroside, secoxyloganin, rutin, scutellarin, luteoloside, forsythoside A, pinoresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C, baicalin, forsythin, oroxylin A-7-O-glucuronid, wogonoside, baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin A) in Shuanghuanglian preparations. The quantitative assay was performed on Angilent Eclipse XDB-C18 with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile (A) and 3% methol and 0.1% formic acid solution (B) as gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The column temperature was at 30 ℃ and the optimum detection wavelength of DAD was set at 240, 276 and 326 nm.Result: Based on the retention time and MS spectra, 22 compounds (including iridoid glycosides, organic acids, lignans, and flavonoids) in Shuanghuanglian preparations were unambiguously identified by comparing with reference substances. In quantitative assay, the linear range of 22 detected compounds was fine(r>0.999 0), and the overall recoveries ranged from 95% to 106%, with the RSD ranging from 2.0% to 4.6%. Chemical principal component analysis and modern pharmacological research of Marker were used to select the Q-Marker of Shuanghuanglian preparation.Conclusion: The UPLC-Q-TOF-MS approach was used to provide a rapid and effective qualitative method for identifying the chemical components of Shuanghuanglian preparations; the established HPLC-DAD was reliable and accurate to quantitatively analyze 22 active compounds in Shuanghuanlian preparations, further screen Q-Marker of Shuanghuanglian preparations, and provide reference for their comprehensive quality evaluation.关键词：Shuanghuanglian preparations;UPLC-Q-TOF-MS;HPLC-DAD;quality control;Q-Marker
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发布时间：2024-01-04 -
Effect of Step Alcohol Precipitation on Compositions and Antioxidant Activity of Maca Polysaccharide
摘要：Objective: To analyze the compositions of polysaccharides in Maca obtained by step alcohol precipitation, and study their antioxidant capacity respectively.Method: The crude Maca polysaccharides were obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, then separated and purified by step alcohol precipitation. Gas chromatography (GC) was used to analyze the monosaccharide compositions of Maca polysaccharides. Finally, their antioxidant capacity was studied by trichloroacetic acid method and DPPH free radical scavenging method.Result: 0-40% Ethanol polysaccharide, 40%-50% ethanol polysaccharide, 50%-60% ethanol polysaccharide, 60%-70% ethanol polysaccharide and 70%-80% ethanol polysaccharide were obtained as ethanol concentration was increased by fractional precipitation, and they were named as MP1, MP2, MP3, MP4 and MP5 respectively. Among them, MP1 had the highest yield (0.856%) and MP4 had the highest purity (68.5%). Gas chromatography results showed that the compositions of Maca polysaccharides including the type and ratio of monosaccharides were different under different ethanol concentrations. Antioxidant capacity test results showed that the antioxidant capabilities of different polysaccharide fractions were obviously different, among which MP5 had the strongest antioxidant capacity, followed by MP4, and MP1 had the weakest antioxidant capacity.Conclusion: There was great difference in antioxidant activity for various Maca polysaccharides fractions, and that was related to the type, proportion and spatial conformation of their monosaccharide compositions. The step alcohol precipitation had important significance for the separation and purification of Maca polysaccharides, and it could provide a reliable reference for the further studies on purification, structure and pharmacology of Maca polysaccharides.关键词：Maca;polysaccharides;step alcohol precipitation;monosaccharide composition;antioxidant capacity- 2
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish the HLPC fingerprint and cluster analysis methods of Mallotus apelta leaves, in order to provide a reasonable basis for scientific evaluation and quality control of M. apelta leaves.Method: Chromatographic fingerprints of M. apelta leaves from 12 different origins were established by HPLC. A phenomenex-C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) was adopted and eluted with the mobile phase of methanol and 0.1% acetic acid in a gradient mode. The flow rate was 1.0 mL · min-1, the column temperature was 25℃, and the detection wavelength 336 nm. The similarity was analyzed by ‘Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM’, and SPSS 19.0 was applied in a cluster analysis. The relative peak area of common peaks was taken as the index for standardized treatment and principal component analysis.Result: The mutual mode of HPLC fingerprints was set up, and the similarity between crude drugs of different habitats were compared. SPSS was used for fingerprint system cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Totally 22 common peaks were identified as markers, and 5 common components were identified in HPLC fingerprint of M. apelta leaves. The overall similarity was calculated to be 0.554-0.981.When the distance scale of cluster analysis was 2, the samples 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12 were classified into one category. The order for comprehensive principal component scores (F) from high to low were samples 11, 7, 1, 9, 12, 6, 5, 10, 4, 3, 2, 8.Two results of the two methods can be mutually verified when F was between 0.0 and -1.7.Conclusion: The method is accurate, simple, stable and highly repeatable, and can provide scientific basis for studying crude drug of M. apelta leaves and making quality control standards.关键词：Mallotus apelta leaves;HPLC;fingerprint;cluster analysis
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish the method to determine 3 types of components of Sanzisan, organic acid (gallic acid, chlorogenic acid), iridoid aglycones (gardenoside, genipingentiobioside, geniposide), crocin (crocin-I, crocin-Ⅱ) by using quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) and validate its feasibility.Method: Shimadzu C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) was used with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid for gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min-1. The column temperature was 30℃ and the detection wavelength was (0-15 min) 271 nm, (16-45 min) 240 nm, (46-83 min) 330 nm, (84-115 min) 240 nm, and (116-150 min) 440 nm. The relative correction factors (RCF) of other components were calculated with geniposide as the internal reference. Then the RCF durability was investigated with 2 different HPLC instruments and 3 columns. Meanwhile, content of 7 components was determined by conventional external standard method, and t test was used to evaluate the difference between these two methods.Result: The results determined by two methods were compared, without significant differences, so QAMS can replace external standard method.Conclusion: The QAMS method was suitable for the quality control of Sanzisan.关键词：Sanzisan;quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS);relative correction factors (RCF);quality control
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study on the pharmacokinetics of hydroxycamptothecin(HCPT) magentolipsomes in rats.Method: The detection method for open-loop HCPT(C-HCPT) and closed-loop HCPT(L-HCPT) in microdialysis samples were established by HPLC.The microdialysis samples were collected after they were treated with HCPT magentolipsomes(intravenous injection),HCPT injection(intravenous injection) and HCPT injection(intraperitoneal injection) at a concentration of 10 mg · kg-1 for HCPT.The microdialysis samples were corrected with in vivo recoveries,the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.1.1 software.Result: The pharmacokinetic parameters of HCPT magentolipsomes(intravenous injection),HCPT injection(intravenous injection)and HCPT injection(intraperitoneal injection) were calculated as follows:Cmax of (2.789±0.158),(4.537±0.092),(0.340±0.066) mg · L-1,tmax of (24±0),(6±0.127),(24±0.127) min,MRT0-∞ of (72.255±4.668),(20.325±4.288),(112.630±29.969) min,AUC0-∞ of (216.870±3.271),(150.668±7.306),(34.883±10.245) mg · L-1 · min.The tmax and MRT0-∞ of HCPT magentolipsomes(intravenous injection) were significantly longer than those of HCPT injection(intravenous injection);the Cmax and AUC0-∞ of HCPT magentolipsomes(intravenous injection) were significantly higher than those of HCPT injection(intraperitoneal injection).Conclusion: HCPT magentolipsomes(intravenous injection) can evidently raise plasma concentration,bioavailability and its residence time in the body of rats,and it can protect L-HCPT from blood,which is good for the anti-tumor activity.关键词：hydroxycamptothecin;magentolipsomes;blood microdialysis;high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC);pharmacokinetics;recovery rate
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To establish an analytical method for investigating the protein binding rate of anemoside B4 in rats plasma.Method: High-throughput equilibrium dialysis was employed to dialysis,an UPLC-MS/MS for determination of anemoside B4 both in the inner and outer dialysate was established and then the protein-binding rate with rats plasma was calculated,Waters XTerra MS C18 column (2.1 mm×50 mm,5 μm) was employed with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution for gradient elution.Result: The linearity of anemoside B4 was in the range of 5-2 000 ng · L-1.The RSDs of precision,accuracy,repeatability and stability of anemoside B4 were all less than 15%,and its extraction recovery and matrix effect were in 80%-115%.The protein binding rates of anemoside B4 in high,middle and low concentrations(6,12,24 mg · L-1) were (95.32±0.37)%,(94.32±0.63)% and (88.64±0.37)%,respectively.Conclusion: Anemoside B4 has a higher binding intension with plasma protein,which has on concentration-dependent manner.关键词：Pulsatillae Radix;anemoside B4;plasma protein binding rate;high-throughput equilibrium dialysis;matrix effect;dialysate;Ginsenoside Rg1
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the regulatory effect of phosphatidylinasitol 3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt/mTOR signal on the autophagy in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and the intervention effect of astragaloside.Method: The c57bl/6 Mice induced by bleomycin(BLM) were given astragaloside with low (25 mg · kg-1), medium (50 mg · kg-1) and high (100 mg · kg-1) dose by gavage. At 3, 7, 14, 28 days, lung tissues were collected for the analysis by hematoxylin-eosin (HE), Masson, immunohistochemical, and Western blot.Result: Astragaloside with medium dose and high dose significantly inhibited the inflammatory reaction of lung tissues, down-regulated expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), increased LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰand beclin-1 expressions, decreased p62, inhibited phosphorylation levels of PI3K, Akt and mTOR, and strengthened cell autophagy activity.Conclusion: Astragaloside stopped the epithelial mesenchymal transdifferentiation(EMT) process by inhibiting the inflammatory reaction of lung tissues and the expression of TGF-β1, strengthening the autophagy activity and inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal.关键词：idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis;astragaloside;autophagy;epithelial mesenchymal transdifferentiation;phosphatidy linositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt/mTOR signaling
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Ephedrae Herba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma medicine pair on proliferation, production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transformation of M1/M2 phenotype in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells.Method: RAW264.7 cells were treated with Ephedrae Herba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma of different concentrations ranging from 1 mg · L-1 to 100 mg · L-1, and cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Afterwards, RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS, NO release was tested by the Griess method, the production of TNF-α was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), and the expression of M1/M2-correlated genes were determined by Real-time PCR.Result: Ephedrae Herba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma medicine pair with the dose at 100 mg · L-1 and below had no effect on the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells. Comparing with LPS-induced group,medicine pair with the dose of 25-100 mg · L-1 could reduce the release of NO (P<0.05, P<0.01), and medicine pair with the dose of 10-100 mg · L-1 could significantly reduce the expression of TNF-α (P<0.05, P<0.01); medicine pair with the dose of 50 mg · L-1 could suppress the mRNA expressions of marker genes of M1 macrophages, namely IL-6, IL-1β and iNOS, but with no effect on marker genes of M2 macrophages, namely IL-10, ARG1 and MRC1.Conclusion: Ephedrae Herba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma could reduce inflammation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, and the mechanism may be related to the suppression on skewing of macrophages toward M1 phenotype and the reduction in the production of anti-inflammatory factors, like TNF-α and NO.关键词：Ephedrae Herba;Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;medicine pair;lipopolysaccharide;RAW264.7 cells;M1/M2
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Camellia nitidissima polyphenols (CNP) on blood glucose and pancreas in type 2 diabetic rats, and explore the protective effect of CNP on pancreas.Method: A rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus was established with high-glucose and high-fat diets combined with intraperitoneal injection of low-dose streptozotocin (STZ, 30 mg · kg-1) for four weeks. The rats were divided into normal control group, high-fat control group, model control group, low-dose CNP group, medium-dose CNP group and high-dose CNP group. Each group was treated with CNP for 7 days, and then the fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured by fast blood glucose meter. At the 1, 2 and 3 day after modeling, pancreas were collected, made into paraffin sections and stained by hematoxylin-eosin (HE staining). The pathological changes of pancreatic tissues were observed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to label insulin secretion and measure the positive rate of insulin.Result: Compared with the normal control group and the high-fat control group, the FBG of the model control group increased significantly (P<0.05). Islet β cells had significant morphological changes, and islet cell positive rate was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with the model control group, FBG of medium-dose and high-dose CNP groups decreased significantly (P<0.05), with a certain dose dependence. Islet β cell damage was significantly reduced, and Islet cell positive rate significantly increased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between low-dose CNP group and model control group.Conclusion: CNP can repair pancreatic injury, promote insulin secretion, effectively reduce fasting blood glucose and improve glucose tolerance, suggesting that CNP have a dose-dependent protective effect on pancreas.关键词：Camellia nitidissima polyphenols(CNP);diabetes;rat model;pancreatic pathology;insulin
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of iridoids in Ajuga decumbens (ADI) on the characteristics of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and its relevant mechanism.Method: We conducted several assays, including mammosphere formation assay, transwell migration, transwell invasion assay and flow cytometry to evaluated the cancer stem cell load and metastasis. Western blot was employed to detect the expression of associated proteins of BCSC markers, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol kinase 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathways.Result: The 5-80 mg · L-1 ADI could significantly inhibit the mammosphere formation, percentage of CD44+CD24-/low subpopulation, migration and invasion in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05, P<0.01). Further studies found that ADI could markedly suppress p-ERK, p-Akt, octamer transcription factor-3/4 (Oct-3/4), SRY-related HMG box-2 (Sox-2) and ES cell-associated transcripts 4 (Ecat4 or Nanog) of BCSCs (P<0.05, P<0.01).Conclusion: These results indicated that ADI could inhibit the characteristics of BCSCs by suppressing the ERK1/2 MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways.关键词：breast cancer stem cells;iridoids in Ajuga decumbens;mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway;phosphatidylinositol kinase 3-kinase (PI3K) /protein kinase B (Akt) pathway
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Yiguanjian on growth of liver cancer, Janus protein tyrosine kinase/signal transducers and transcriptional activator proteins (JAK1/STAT1) signaling pathway, as well as the expression of downstream apoptosis related proteins C-myc, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and p53.Method: The 50 male KM mice were randomly divided into model group, cyclophosphamide[CTX,50 mg · kg-1 · (2 d)-1] group, and Yiguanjian high, middle, and low dose groups (46, 23,11.5 g · kg-1 · d-1). H22 tumor cells were injected under armpit to establish tumor-bearing mice models. Treatment began two weeks before modeling in Yiguanjian high, medium and low dose groups. CTX was administrated after modeling and the mice in model group were administrated with the same volume of normal saline after modeling 2 weeks before and after modeling. The mice in various groups were sacrificed, and their tumor tissues were taken and weighed. Then the JAK1 and STAT1 protein phosphorylation levels were detected by immunohistochemistry and C-myc, Bcl-2 and p53 protein expression levels were detected by protein electrophoresis.Result: As compared with model group, there was a significant inhibition effect on tumors in Yiguanjian high, medium, low dose groups and CTX group (P<0.01); high dose and middle dose Yiguanjian could significantly reduce JAK1 protein phosphorylation level (P<0.05) and significantly increase STAT1 protein phosphorylation level (P<0.05); high dose Yiguanjian could significantly reduce protein expression of C-myc and promote the protein expression of p53 (P<0.05); high and middle dose Yiguanjian could significantly decrease the protein expression of Bcl-2 (P<0.05, P<0.01).Conclusion: Yiguanjian had obvious antitumor effect probably by regulating JAK1/STAT1 phosphorylation, promoting its downstream p53 protein expression, inhibiting its downstream C-myc, Bcl-2 protein expression, and promoting apoptosis of liver cancer cells.关键词：Yiguanjian;liver cancer;Janus protein tyrosine kinase/signal transducers and transcriptional activator proteins;apoptosis related proteins
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of cinnamaldehyde on transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-induced proliferation, metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human colorectal carcinoma cells LoVo and explore its relationship with phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway.Method: TGF-β1 was used to induce EMT of human colorectal carcinoma cells LoVo, and then different concentrations of cinnamaldehyde (0,20,40,80 mg · L-1) were used to intervene the TGF-β1-induced cells proliferation. The effect of cinnamaldehyde on cell proliferation was measured by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Transwell assay was used to observe the changes in invasive ability of cells, and Western blot was used to analyze the expression levels of epithelial phenotype marker protein E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin and key protein of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases/proteinkinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway. PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY290004 was used to verify the cinnamaldehyde effect in inhibiting TGF-β1-induced EMT through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Result: As compared with blank controls, cinnamaldehyde effectively inhibited TGF-β1-induced proliferation and invasion ability(P < 0.01), significantly increased the expression of E-cadherin, decrease the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, stimulated by TGF-β1(P<0.01), and meanwhile, it could reverse the expression TGF-β1-induced EMT through inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway(P<0.01).Conclusion: Cinnamaldehyde can inhibit TGF-β1-induced proliferation, metastasis of colorectal carcinoma cells LoVo, and the mechanism may be associated with PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.关键词：cinnamaldehyde;colorectal carcinoma;epithelial-mesenchymaltransition (EMT);phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases/ proteinkinase B (PI3K/Akt);transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: The development of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the key factors for tumor metastasis, so the research on the phenomenon of EMT may be conducive to control gastric cancer metastasis. This paper is aimed to explore the intervention effect and mechanism of Ruanjian Sanjie (RJSJ) granules for the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells.Method: Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to observe the inhibitory effect of RJSJ on SGC-7901 cells proliferation; transwell assay was used to explore the inhibitory effect of RJSJ granules on the invasion of gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells; the mRNA and protein expression levels of E-cadherin, Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (Zeb1) and Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (Zeb2) were examined by Real-time PCR and Western blot respectively.Result: MTT experimental results showed that all different concentrations of RJSJ granules could inhibit the proliferation of gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells (P<0.05), and the inhibitory effect was in a dose and time dependent manner. transwell assay showed that RJSJ granules (concentrations of 250, 500, 1 000 mg · L-1 respectively) could inhibit invasion of gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells(P<0.05). Real-time PCR showed that RJSJ granules could up-regulate the mRNA expression levels of E-cadherin and down-regulate the mRNA expression levels of Zeb1 and Zeb2; while Western blot showed that RJSJ granules could up-regulate the protein expression levels of E-cadherin and down-regulate the protein expression levels of Zeb1 and Zeb2(P<0.05).Conclusion: RJSJ granules could inhibit SGC-7901 cells proliferation; RJSJ granules had an inhibitory effect on SGC-7901 cells EMT, and the mechanism may be associated with down-regulating Zeb1 and Zeb2 mRNA and protein expression and up-regulating E-cadherin mRNA and protein expression.关键词：Ruanjian Sanjie granules;SGC-7901 cell;epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT);Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1(Zeb1);Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2(Zeb2)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To study the effect of Shuangyi prescription (SYP), component herbs and active ingredients on insulin resistance model of skeletal muscle cells, and glycogen synthesis, hexokinase (HK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) activity of IR-HepG2 cells, in order to analyze the mechanism, and lay a foundation for its clinical application.Method: The insulin resistance model of skeletal muscle cells was established by high concentration of insulin, in order to observe the effect of low, medium and high-dose (30, 120, 480 μg · L-1) SYP, component herbs (Astragali Radix, Corni Fructus, Coptidis Rhizome, Mori Cortex, Puerariae Lobatae Radix, Eupatorii Herba), and different active ingredients (astragaloside, calycosin-7-glucoside, ursolic acid, loganin, berberine, puerarin,1-deoxynojirimycin) on insulin resistance model of skeletal muscle cells. The IR-HepG2 cells model of high concentration of insulin was established in vitro, so as to study the effects of glycogen synthesis, HK and PK activities of IR-HepG2 cells of SYP, component herbs and active ingredients. Western blot was performed to detect protein expressions of tyrosine 4 phosphatase-1B(PTP-1B) and glucose transporters 4(GLUT4).Result: SYP, Astragali Radix, Corni Fructus, astragaloside, 1-deoxynojirimycin, and puerarin could reduce glucose concentration in skeletal muscle cell supernatant (P<0.05), with a better effect in SYP, Astragali Radix and puerarin groups with the dose of 480 mg · L-1. Compared with the model group, SYP, Astragali Radix and active ingredients could decrease the expression of PTP-1B, and increase the expression of GLUT-4.Compared with the model group, different concentrations of active ingredients and component herbs could increase glycogen synthesis and HK, PK activities of HepG2 cells(P<0.05,P<0.01); Astragaloside and Astragali Radix extracts had a better effect in increasing glycogen synthesis and HK activity, and SYP and puerarin had a better effect in increasing PK activity.Conclusion: SYP, component herbs and active ingredients could relieve the insulin resistance of skeletal muscle and HepG2 cells, and its action mechanism may be decrease in the expression of PTP-1B, and increase in the expression of GLUT4, glycogen synthesis and HK, PK activities.关键词：Shuangyi prescription (SYP);skeletal muscle cell;HepG2 cells;insulin resistance
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To evaluate the correlation between spleen deficiency and liver stagnation, and brain gut peptides in rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS).Method: A rat model of D-IBS was established through intragastric administration with Sennae Folium decoction combined with restraint stress. Rats were divided into several groups. The modeling groups were given Sennae Folium decoction combined with restraint stress. The colonic motility, visceral sensitivity and the expression of brain gut peptides were measured at 0 d, 7th d, 14th d, 21st d, 28th d after modeling. Maclab/4e 4-channel physiology recorder was used to record colon motion curves, and evaluate colonic motility index. The visceral sensitivity of rats was evaluated by colorectal distention, and water injection rate was recorded when the abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) was scored at 3.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry assay and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of brain gut peptides.Result: In 14th d, 21st d, 28th d groups, the colonic motility index, the water injection rate when AWR was scored at 3, the expressions of 5-HT, CRH, 5-HT and CRH mRNA in colon and hippocampus were significantly different (P<0.05, P<0.01) from before modelling. In 21st d, 28th d group, the colonic motility index, the motility index change rate, the water injection rate when AWR was scored at 3, the expressions of 5-HT, CRH, 5-HT and CRH mRNA in colon and hippocampus were significantlydifferent (P<0.05, P<0.01) from those in the 7th d group. In 21st d, 28th d groups, the water injection rate when abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) was scored at 3, the expressions of 5-HT, CRH, 5-HT and CRH mRNA in colon and hippocampus were significantly different (P<0.05, P<0.01) from those in the 14th d group. The colonic motility index and the motility index change rate in 28th d group were significantly different from those the 14th d group (P<0.05, P<0.01).Conclusion: The 5-HT and CRH are closely correlated with CRH and D-IBS with spleen deficiency and liver stagnation symptoms, which might be the material basis of spleen deficiency and liver stagnation syndrome in D-IBS.关键词：Sennae Folium;diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome;spleen deficiency and liver stagnation;brain gut peptides;abdominal pain;diarrhea
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of 1,8-dimethyl-3,5,7-trinitro-2-quinolone in promoting the apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, and explore its underlying mechanism.Method: The effect of 1,8-dimethyl-3,5,7-trinitro-2-quinolone on A549 cell line proliferation was detected by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptosis rate. Protein expressions of cleaved-cysteine aspartate protease-3(Caspase-3), B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax), Akt, p-Akt, forkhead bax protein O1(FOXO1), p-FOXO1 and Bim in A549 cells were detected by Western blot.Result: The 1,8-dimethyl-3,5,7-trinitro-2-quinolone (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg · L-1) inhibited A549 cell proliferation in time and dose-dependent manners. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 2.80, 2.05 μmol · L-1, respectively at 12, 24 h. Flow cytometry showed that 1,8-dimethyl-3,5,7-trinitro-2-quinolon could significantly induce apoptosis of A549.The apoptosis rate was gradually increased with the rise of drug concentration. The expressions of cleaved-caspase-3 and Bax protein were increased, while the expression of Bcl-2 were decreased. At the same time, the expressions of p-Akt and p-FOXO1 protein were increased, while the expression of Bim was decreased.Conclusion: The 1,8-dimethyl-3,5,7-trinitro-2-quinolone could induce apoptosis in A549 cells, which may be related to the phasphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt/FOXO1 signaling pathway.关键词：1,8-dimethyl-3,5,7-trinitro-2-quinolone;lung denocarcinoma A549 cells;apoptosis;phasphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt/FOXO1 signaling pathway
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effects of Xin'an granules on expressions of Coxsackievirus B virus 3 (CVB3) mRNA, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in rats with viral myocarditis (VMC).Method: Totally 60 healthy male BALB/c rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, ribavirin group (positive drug, 0.02 g · kg-1 · d-1) and high, medium and low-dose Xin'an granules (12, 6, 3 g · kg-1 · d-1) groups, with 10 rats in each group. For the normal group, 0.15 mL of normal saline was intraperitoneally injected into rats, while for the other 5 groups, CVB3 Nancy liquid 0.15 mL(1×10-8 TCID50 ·mL -1) was injected. The rats in drug administration groups were given corresponding drugs, ig, while those in the normal group and the model group were given normal saline, ig, for 7 consecutive days. All of the groups were treated continuously for 7 days. The pathological changes in cardiac muscle tissues were observed and scored, CVB3 mRNA expression was detected by Real-time PCR, and TNF-α and IL-6 protein expression were detected by Western blot in cardiac muscle tissues.Result: After 7 days of drug administration, compared to the normal group, in model control group, myocardial cells were disarranged, and showed interstitial edema, a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrating and significant pathological changes, and CVB3 mRNA expression and TNF-α and IL-6 protein expressions in cardiac muscle tissues were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared to the model group, the rats in drug administration groups showed alleviation in cardiac muscle tissue lesions and obviously lower pathological score and CVB3 mRNA expression and TNF-α and IL-6 protein expressions in cardiac muscle tissues (P<0.05).Conclusion: Xin'an granules can markedly down-regulate CVB3 mRNA expression and TNF-α and IL-6 protein expressions in cardiac muscle tissues of rats with viral myocarditis, which is inferred as a prevention and treatment mechanism of viral myocarditis.关键词：viral myocarditis;Xin'an granule;Coxsackievirus B virus 3;tumor necrosis factor-α;interleukin-6
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of Xuefu Zhuyu capsule on Sirt1 signal transduction pathway of ischemic cardiomyocytes in rats, and discuss its mechanism of action.Method: A total of 70 healthy adult female wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group, sham operation group (10 mL · kg-1 distilled water), model group (10 mL · kg-1 distilled water), Xuefu Zhuyu high dose group (0.03 g · kg-1), Xuefu Zhuyu middle dose group (0.02 g · kg-1), Xuefu Zhuyu low dose group (0.01 g · kg-1), and L-NAME group (2 mg/rat, intraperitoneal injection). The mRNA expression levels of Sirt1, p53 and NF-κB in myocardium were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Result: As compared with the sham operation group, the expression level of Sirt1 was significantly reduced in the model group (P<0.05); the expression levels of p53 and NF-κB in myocardium were increased in model group(P<0.05). As compared with the model group, the expression level of Sirt1 in ischemic myocardium was increased in Xuefu Zhuyu high, middle and low dose groups (P<0.05); the expression levels of p53 and NF-κB in myocardium were decreased in Xuefu Zhuyu high dose group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Xuefu Zhuyu capsule can inhibit the expression of p53 and NF-κB genes by activating Sirt1 signaling pathway to exert its anti-aging effect and prolong the life span of ischemic cardiomyocytes.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To clarify the protective effect of Linggui Yangxin decoction (LGYXD) on myocardial injury and heart function, and observe the effect of LGYXD on calcium regulation associated protein of myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in rats with Adriamycin-induced dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), in order to explore its possible mechanism.Method: A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group and DCM group. The latter was further divided into five groups:DCM control, perindopril and LGYXD groups. DCM was induced through intraperitoneal injection with Adriamycin (1.0 mg · kg-1, twice a week) for 6 weeks. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks. At the 9th week, echocardiography and myocardial metabolism imaging were performed on DCM rats to evaluate the efficiency. Serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cardiac histological changes were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and electron microscopy. The mRNA and protein expressions of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a), ryanodine receptor (RyR2), phospholamban (PLB), Calsequestrin, L-type Ca2+ channel (CAV1.3) in rat hearts from each group were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting.Result: Compared with the DCM control group, LGYXD can improve cardiac cavity size, and alleviate cardiac function, myocardial injury and cardiac histological changes in DCM rats. Compared with the DCM control group, expressions of SERCA2a mRNA, RyR2 mRNA, CAV1.3 mRNA, and Calsequestrin mRNA in myocardial tissues of LGYXD group were increased, and expression of PLB mRNA was decreased. Compared with the DCM control group, the protein expressions of SERCA2a and Calsequestrin of LGYXD group were increased, and the protein expression of PLB was decreased.Conclusion: LGYXD can effectively reduce the dilated left ventricular diameter of DCM rat, improve EF and FS, decrease the serum levels of BNP and cTnI, protect myocardium and improve heart function. LGYXD can partially regulate mRNA and protein expressions of PLB, SERCA2a, RyR2, CAV1.3, Calsequestrin in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy. The mechanism of LGYXD in treating DCM rats may be correlated with the regulation of the mRNA and protein expressions of calcium regulation-associated protein of myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy, and the improvement of Ca2+ transport function of myocardial cells and systolic-diastolic function of heart.关键词：Linggui Yangxin decoction;dilated cardiomyopathy;adriamycin;brain natriuretic peptide (BNP);cardiac troponin-I (cTnI);calcium regulation-associated protein
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome elements in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in Wuxi and its relationship with four anti-heart antibodies[adenine nucleotide translocase, β1 receptor, muscarinic receptor 2 (M2), myosin heavy chain (MHC)].Method: Totally 84 cases of hospitalized patients with DCM in Wuxi during May 2013 to December 2014 were selected and assessed for their TCM syndrome elements by a full-time TCM physician. A total of 61 patients with CHF (not caused by DCM) were enrolled into the CHF group, and 47 people with physical examination were enrolled into normal group. Serum ant-β1, ant-MHC, ant-M2 and ant-ANT among three groups were detected.Result: The distribution characteristics of TCM syndrome elements in patients with DCM can be summarized as follows:the frequency of TCM syndrome elements in 84 DCM patients was 158, and the order was Qi deficiency(57 cases) > blood stasis(48 cases) > Yang deficiency(27 cases) > Yin deficiency(12 cases) > Dampness (9 cases) > Phlegm (5 cases). The asthenia syndrome elements accounted for 60.76%, and the demonstration syndrome elements accounted for 39.24%. The frequency of TCM syndrome elements in single syndrome element group was 24, and the order was Qi deficiency (11 cases) Qi deficiency and Yin deficiency (12 cases) > Yang deficiency and blood stasis (8 cases) > Qi deficiency and blood stasis and Dampness (5 cases) > Yang deficiency and blood stasis and Dampness (4 cases) > Qi deficiency and blood stasis and Phlegm (3 cases) > Yang deficiency and blood stasis and Phlegm (2 cases). The concentrations of four anti-heart antibodies in the DCM group was higher than those of the CHF group (P<0.05). In the single syndrome element groups, the order for the concentrations of ant-β1, ant-ANT, ant-M2 and ant-MHC from high to low was Yang deficiency>Qi deficiency, with significant differences (P<0.05). In the folder syndrome element group, the order for the concentrations of ant-β1, ant-ANT, ant-M2 and ant-MHC from high to low was Yin deficiency and blood Stasis > Qi deficiency and blood stasis > Qi deficiency and Yin deficiency.Conclusion: All of the syndrome elements, Qi deficiency accounts for the largest proportion, which is followed by blood stasis, one of the most important pathological factors. There is correlation between the TCM syndrome elements and the level of anti-heart antibodies; With the changes from Qi deficiency to Yang deficiency and from Qi deficiency and Yin deficiency through Qi deficiency and blood stasis to Yin deficiency and blood stasis, the level of anti-heart antibodies increases.关键词：dilated cardiomyopathy;syndrome element;anti-heart antibodies;correlation
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effects of Hedysari Radix on cardiac function indexes of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients with heart Qi and Yang deficiency syndrome, investigate the effect of Hedysari Radix on anti-heart antibodies in DCM patients, and explore its possible mechanism.Method: The 134 DCM patients in Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital and Wuxi People's Hospital from May 2013 to January 2016 were randomly divided into routine control group (routine western medicine treatment, 67 cases) and Chinese medicine group (routine treatment+Hedysari Radix 60 g, 67 cases).The 30 healthy cases were randomly selected as normal group. At the beginning and the end of experiment, the levels of Nterminalpro brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP), left ventricular dimension at end-diastole (LEVDD), left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), anti-β1 adrenergic receptor autoantibody (ant-β1), anti-myosin heavy chain autoantibody (ant-MHC), anti-muscarinic receptor-2 autoantibody (ant-M2), anti-adenine nucleotide (ADP/ATP), and translocase auto antibody (ant-ANT) were measured; and the changes in clinical symptoms, signs and cardiac function grade in New York Heart Association (NYHA) were observedt.Result: The total effective rate of syndrome was 91.9% in Chinese medicine group higher than 71.0% in routine control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of NYHA cardiac function grade was 82.3% and 83.9% respectively in Chinese medicine group and routine control group, with no significant differences between these two groups. NT-proBNP level in Chinese medicine group was lower than that in routine control group at the same period after treatment (P<0.05). The LVEF level was significantly increased and LEVDD level was significant decreased in both groups after treatment (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in various indexes between two groups after treatment. Various anti-heart antibodies in DCM group were significantly higher than those in normal group (P<0.05). The ant-β1, ant-MHC and ant-M2 levels were decreased in both groups after treatment (P<0.05), and ant-ANT level was significantly decreased in Chinese medicine group after treatment (P<0.05). ANT level in Chinese medicine group was lower than that in routine control group at the same period (P<0.05), and the incidence of hypotension and arrhythmia in Chinese medicine group was lower than that in routine control group. In addition, there were no significant differences in the incidence of renal insufficiency and irritative dry cough.Conclusion: Hedysari Radix can regulate the expression of the anti-myocardial antibodies, reduce the levels of NT-proBNP, improve the clinical curative effects, relieve cardiac functions, and reduce the incidence of adverse events in DCM patients with heart Qi and Yang deficiency syndrome.关键词：Hedysari Radix;dilated cardiomyopathy;Qi and Yang deficiency type;anti-heart antibodies;heart function
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of ginkgo leaves extract on the inflammation of human esophageal epithelial cell ARPE-19 line and the changes in nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-κB)pathway, in order to explore its mechanism.Method: In vitro, ARPE-19 cells was divided into normal control group (5.5 mmol · L-1 glucose), high-glucose group (30 mmol · L-1 glucose) and ginkgo leaves extract group (30 mmol · L-1 glucose+12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg · L-1 ginkgo leaves extract). MTT assay was used to detect cell viability. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the cells were determined by flow cytometry. NIK/p-NIK, IKKα/p-IKKα and IκB/p-IκB expressions were measured by Real-time PCR and Western blot. Western blot was used to detect the phosphorylation of NF-κB and the expression of nuclear NF-κB.Result: The Avalue of the high-glucose group was significantly lower than that of the control group, ginkgo leaves extract groups (12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg · L-1) were significantly higher than those of the high-glucose group (P<0.05). Levels of TNF-α and IL-1β of the high-glucose group was significantly higher than that of the control group, andthose of ginkgo leaves extract group (12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg · L-1) were significantly lower than those of high glucose group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expressions of p-NIK, p-IKKα, p-IκB in the high-glucose group increased, and the expressions of p-NIK, p-IKKα, p-IκB were decreased in ginkgo leaves extract(12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg · L-1)groups (P<0.05). The phosphorylation and nuclear NF-κB protein expression were increased in the high-glucose group compared with the control group, and the NF-κB expression were decreased in ginkgo leaves extract groups (12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg · L-1, P<0.05).Conclusion: ginkgo leaves extract can inhibit the inflammatory response by inhibiting NF-κB activity and protect retinal pigment epithelial cells, so as to prevent and treat diabetic retinopathy.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To investigate the effect of ginkgo leaves extract on the apoptosis in high-glucose-induced human retinal pigment epithelial cells, in order to explore possible mechanisms.Method: In vitro, ARPE-19 cells was divided into normal control group (5.5 mmol · L-1 glucose), high-glucose group(30 mmol · L-1 glucose) and ginkgo leaves extract group (30 mmol · L-1 glucose+12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg · L-1 ginkgo leaves extract). MTT assay was used to detect cell viability. Flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptotic rate. Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, Fas and FasL mRNA and protein expressions were measured by Real-time PCR and Western blot. Western blot was used to detect the phosphorylation of JNK and the expression of nuclear JNK.Result: A value of the high-glucose group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Those in 12.5, 25, 50,100 mg · L-1 ginkgo leaves extract groups were significantly higher than those of the high-glucose group (P<0.05). The apoptotic rate of the high-glucose group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Those in 12.5, 25, 50,100 mg · L-1 ginkgo leaves extract groups were significantly lower than those of the high-glucose group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, expressions of Bax, Caspase-3, Fas and FasL in the high-glucose group were increased. And expressions of Bax, Caspase-3, Fas and FasL were decreased by 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg · L-1 ginkgo leaves extract (P<0.05). JNK phosphorylation and nuclear JNK protein were increased in the high-glucose group, compared with the control group; and JNK expression was decreased in 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg · L-1 ginkgo leaves extract groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: ginkgo leaves extract could alleviate diabetic retinopathy and inhibit apoptosis through the JNK pathway.关键词：Ginkgo leaves extract;high glucose;diabetic retinopathy;cell apoptosis;JNK
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发布时间：2024-01-04 -
Determination of Ginkgolic Acids in Ginkgo Leaves Extract from Different Manufacturers by UPLC-MS/MS
摘要：Objective: To establish UPLC-MS/MS for simultaneous determination of five ginkgolic acids in ginkgo leaves extract.Method: UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) was used with methanol-0.1% formic acid solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.4 mL · min-1 with 30℃ column temperature; the mass spectrometer monitors were used to detect related ions by multiple reaction ion monitoring (MRM) mode.Result: The hydroginkgoic acid, ginkgoneolic acid, oleanolic acid, dioctylmethane allyl ginkgolic acid, and dioctylmethane diallyl ginkgolic acid were well separated within 5.0 min, showing good linear relationship (r>0.992 3) at the ranges of 0.20-200.00 ng · L-1. RSD value of the average recoveries was below 5.0% which ranged from 98.86% to 103.30%. We found that the content of the five ginkgolic acids in ginkgo leaves extract from different manufacturers was very different (7.58-23.08 μg ·g-1). The highest content of determined ginkgolic acids in one manufacturer was more than 20 ppm. Only 8 companies met the requirements of the state pharmacopoeia commission of P.R. China (below 10 ppm). ginkgo leaves extract produced by different manufacturers in the market generally had high levels of ginkgolic acid. The contents of ginkgoneolic acid, oleanolic acid, and dioctylmethane allyl ginkgolic acid were higher, while the contents of hydroginkgoic acid and dioctylmethane diallyl ginkgolic acid were lower. According to the results of ginkgo leaves extract from eight qualified manufacturers, we suggested that the contents should be controlled at 2.94-3.59, 0.97-1.18, 2.35-2.88, 2.94-3.59, 0.59-0.73 μg ·g-1 respectively for hydroginkgoic acid, ginkgoneolic acid, oleanolic acid, dioctylmethane allyl ginkgolic acid, and dioctylmethane diallyl ginkgolic acid.Conclusion: This method can be used for the quick analysis of ginkgolic acids.关键词：ginkgolic acids;UPLC-MS/MS;Ginkgo leaves extract- 2
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：In this paper, the quality standards of ginkgo leaves extract in Chinese Pharmacopoeia were compared with those in the United States Pharmacopeia(USP36) and European Pharmacopoeia (EP8.0),and their similarities and differences were analyzed, including inspection, assay and the analysis and comparison of other main indicators of the chromatographic conditions, quantitative methods, pre-treatment methods and limits.At the same time, 2015 revised version of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP2015) and the limits of ginkgo leaves extract were compared and analyzed.The results showed that USP36 execution standard limitswere most stringent:total ginkgolic acid ≤ 5μg · g-1; total flavonol glycosides 22.0%-27.0%; terpene lactones must meet three conditions, and the ginkgolide J content was detected; isorhamnetinand quercetin peak area ratio was ≥ 0.1.The USP36 and ChP2015 test indicator were comprehensive:including the pesticide residue and microbial limit and so on.The 2015 version Chinese Pharmacopoeia used QAMS and fingerprint new technical means:comprehensive evaluation of drug quality;the difference of ginkgo leaves extract was largein limits between different dosage forms:the limit was more stringent in injection preparations. Understand the similarities and differences of each Pharmacopoeia,provide basis for developing a set of reliable quality evaluation criteria, and prevent the occurrence of ‘Ginkgo leaves incident’.At the same time, we shall ensure the safety of its clinical medication and make it close to international standards.
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the effect of Tongfeng decoction in treating gout patients with moist heat and blood stasis syndrome treated, in order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tongfeng decoction in treating acute gout.Method: With a randomized, parallel-controlled approach, one hundred and twenty gout patients were divided into control group and observation group. Patients in control group were treated with celecoxib 0.2 g, twice a day. Patients in observation group were treated with celecoxib 0.2 g, twice a day, and combined with Tongfeng decoction, one dose a day. Both groups received therapy for 2 weeks. The changes in score of joint gall in rest, score of joint tenderness, score of joint swollen, gross score, index of joint gall, score of joint function, serum levels of C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, D-dimer and uric acid, life quality (SF-36), and adverse reactions were recorded.Result: After treating for two weeks, the total effective rate in observation group was 87.27%, which was superior to 66.04% in control group (χ2=7.536, P<0.05). The score of joint gall in rest, score of joint tenderness, score of joint swollen, gross score, score of joint function, serum levels of C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, D-dimer and uric acid in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Index of joint gall and life quality in observation group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The rate of adverse reactions between control group and observation group had no statistical difference.Conclusion: Tongfeng decoction combined with celecoxib shows a positive effect in treating gout patients with moist heat and blood stasis syndrome. The Tongfeng decoction has strong anti-inflammatory activity and security. It can reduce the serum level of uric acid, without inducing acute attack.关键词：gout;Tongfeng decoction;uric acid;blood stasis;phlegm
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the curative effect of colon-targeted Huchang Qingdu pellets in blocking intestinal endotoxemia in patients with HBV-related acute on chronic liver failure, and investigate the possible mechanism.Method: Totally 120 cases of HBV-related acute on chronic liver failure with intestinal endotoxemia (IETM) and syndrome of interior stasis toxin were collected from January 2013 to October 2016.According to double-blind double-dummy randomized control principle, these patients were divided into oral colon-targeted Huchang Qingdu pellets group, lactulose group and control group, with 40 cases in each group. Some clinical indices, such as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical symptom score, plasma endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, plasma D-lactic acid, plasma diamine oxidase (DAO), coagulation function and L/M were observed before and after treatment. And differences among the three groups were compared.Result: The clinical indices of TCM syndrome integral, plasma endotoxin, inflammatory cytokines, plasma D-lactic acid, and plasma diamine oxidase in treatment groups were significantly superior to those before treatment and in control group (P<0.05). Colon-targeted Huchang Qingdu pellets group was more effective than lactulose group in TCM syndrome score, TBIL, PA, PTA, plasma endotoxin, inflammatory cytokines, plasma D-lactic acid, and plasma diamine oxidase (P<0.05).Conclusion: Colon-targeted Huchang Qingdu pellets can inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokine, correct the permeability of the intestinal mucosa, regulate blood coagulation function and internal environment, so as to effectively prevent the occurrence of intestinal endotoxemia, a repair liver tissue injury, with a better overall effect than lactulose.关键词：Huchang Qingdu pellets;acute on chronic liver failure;intestinal endotoxemia;tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α);interleukin (IL)
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To explore the clinical effect and mechanism by observing the effect of Fuqingzhu Huodan Shenfang on the cell subsets and related cytokines in patients with herpes zoster.Method: The 136 cases of herpes zoster were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 68 cases in each group. The patients in control group were treated with conventional western medicine, and patients in observation group were treated with FU Qing-zhu Huodan Shenfang based on the treatment in control group. Then the clinical efficacy of the two groups was observed, and T cell subsets, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels before and after treatment were detected and compared between two groups, and serum STAT3, p-STAT3 levels were detected by Real-time PCR.Result: The total efficiency was 97.1% in observation group, significantly higher than 83.8% in control group (χ2=5.146, P<0.05). After treatment, the visual analogue scale(VAS) scores were significantly decreased in both groups (P<0.05), and the decrease was more obvious in observation group (P<0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, the incidence of postherpetic neuralgia was 5.9% in observation group, significantly lower than 26.5% in control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the CD3+, CD4+ were significantly increased in both groups (P<0.05); the CD8+ count was significantly decreased (P<0.05) and CD4+/CD8+ was significantly increased in observation group, and the CD4+/CD8+ was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the IL-6, IL-4 levels were significantly decreased and TNF-α was significantly increased in both groups (P<0.05), and the changes were more obvious in observation group (P<0.05). Before treatment, the STAT3 and p-STAT3 levels were at the same level in two groups, and after treatment, they were significantly decreased in both groups (P<0.05), and the decrease was more obvious in observation group (P<0.05).Conclusion: On the basis of conventional western medicine,Fuqingzhu Huodan Shenfang can better reduce the clinical symptoms, improve clinical curative effect, and the mechanism may be relate to regulating immune function, inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway, and reducing the inflammatory factors and inflammatory response.关键词：Fuqingzhu Huodan Shenfang;herpes zoster;T cell subsets;cytokines
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To evaluated the clinical efficacy of Xiaoer Zhixiaoling tablets on cough variant asthma (CVA) in attack period and its effect on airway reactivity and chronic inflammatory response.Method: One hundred and seventy patients with CVA in attack period were divided into control group and observation group by random number table, with 85 cases in each group. Patients in control group got budesonide aerosol and montelukast sodium chewable tablets. Patients in observation group were also given Xiaoer Zhixiaoling tablets. A course of treatment was four weeks. And a 16-week following-up visit were made. Daytime, nighttime coughing and cough visual analogue scale (VAS) were scored. Before and after treatment, Leicester cough questionnaire (LCQ) and symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were scored. Recurrence during the 16 weeks and cough remission time were recorded. Before and after treatment, airway reaction and levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-13, eosinophils (EOS) and serum IgE were also detected.Result: The total effect rate in observation group was 93.59%, which was higher than 81.33% in control group (χ2=5.281, P<0.05). After treatment, daytime cough, night cough and total cough scores and cough VAS were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Mean cough remission time in observation group was shorter than that in control group (P<0.01). During the 16-week follow-up visit, the recurrence rate in observation group was 39.74%, which was lower than 61.33% in control group (χ2=5.281, P<0.05), and the average frequency were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). The two dimension scores of LCQ and the total score were higher than those in control group (P<0.01). And levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IgE and EOS were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). The minimum induced cumulative dose and PD35 were higher than those in control group (P<0.01).Conclusion: Xiaoer Zhixiaoling tablets have a certain effect on in treating cough variant asthma (CVA), and can relieve symptom, improve the quality of life of the patients, and reduce recurrence frequency. Its mechanism of action may be realized by reducing airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness.关键词：cough variant asthma;children;Xiaoer Zhixiaoling tablets;airway reactivity;inflammatory response
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: To observe the clinical effect of Danhong Huayu oral solution in treating retinal central venous obstruction Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome and its effect in regulating humoraqueus and serum cytokines.Method: One hundred and forty-four patients with uremia were randomly divided into control group and observation group by random number table. Patients in control group were injected with Leizhu monoclonal antibody, 0.05 mL/time, 1 time/1 month, for 3 times in total. In addition to the therapy of control group, patients in observation group were also given Danhong Huayu oral solution, 20 mL/time, 3 times/day. The treatment lasted for 3 months. The best corrected vision acuity (BCVA) was detected by the international standard visual acuity chart, and Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndromes were scored, the central macular thickness(CMT) traditional Chinese medicine was detected. And retinal vascular leakage area, mean retinal cycle time (RCT), and retinal capillary no-perfusion area were recorded by fluorescein fundus angiography before and after treatment. Before the 3th and 5th surgery, levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in humoraqueus, and VEGF, TNF-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in serum were detected.Result: The total effect rate of BCVA in observation group was 97.06%, which higher than 85.07% in control group (χ2=5.985, P<0.05). The total effect rate of macular edema in observation group was 94.12%, which was higher than 80.60% in control group (χ2=5.605, P<0.05). Vascular leakage area and capillaries no-perfusion area in observation group were lower than those in observation group (P<0.01). RCT was shorter than that in observation group (P<0.01). BCVA was higher than that in observation group, CMT was lower than that in observation group, and score of Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome was lower than that in observation group (P<0.01). And before the 1st and the 3th surgeries, levels of VEGF and TNF-α in humoraqueus and VEGF, TNF-α, MCP-1 and ICAM-1 in serum were lower than those in observation group (P<0.01).Conclusion: Danhong Huayu oral solution combined with Leizhu monoclonal antibody can improve vision, and regulate cytokine networks of VEGF and TNF-α in humoraqueus and VEGF, TNF-α, MCP-1 and ICAM-1 in serum.关键词：retinal central venous obstruction;Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome;Danhong Huayu oral solution;vascular endothelial growth factor;tumor necrosis factor-α;monocyte chemoattractant protein-1;soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：In this paper,through collecting the content of repairing,sequence,invention and other items in Compendium of Materia Medica,sorting their contribution to processing methods,processing theory,processing function,quality requirements of processing materials and technological standards,summarizing the elaboration,innovation and development of the processing theory of Chinese medicine,the explanation of the processing methods and effects of medicines,the description in the quality standards of processed products and modern commonly used excipients,the negation and opinions of the previous wrong method.It is found that the processing technology is not an isolated pharmaceutical technology,its development has benefited from the verification of clinical effect.Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) only through mutual integration,mutual penetration and jointly improve,can promote its development.Study on the contribution of Compendium of Materia Medica for the processing of TCM,aiming to learn from the classic to discover the innovation from the ancient pharmaceutical technology,and use modern technology to explore the traditional processing mechanism.While complying with the traditional means of Chinese medicine processing,innovation should be made based on it to ultimately improve the processing technology.关键词：Compendium of Materia Medica;traditional Chinese medicine processing;contribution;repairing;processing mechanism
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发布时间：2024-01-04 - 摘要：Objective: Astragalus is one of the most commonly used drugs in Chinese herbal medicine, and the medicinal Astragalus plant in the country has obvious regional application characteristics. This paper would discuss the chemical constituents of 10 representative Astragalus plants and the research progress of pharmacological action, belonging to five subgenus. Ten species of Astragalus were A. hoantchy, A. complanatus, A. ernestii, A. membranaceus, A. momongholicus var. mongholicus, A. floridus, A. chrysopterus, A. melilotoidesll, Chinese Astragalus A. chinensis; A. adsurgens in the genus Calamagrostis. Among 47 kinds of saponins, 37 species were found in A. membranaceus, 10 species of A.momongholicus, 6 species of A.membranaceus, and 4 species of A.floridus. Among 85 flavonoids, 40 species were of Astragalus, 21 species of A.adsurgens, 3 species of Barnyardum officinalis, 15 species of A.complanatus, 3 species of A. mongolica, 1 species of A.chrysopterus, 3 species of A.hoantchy, and 3 species of A.melilotoidesll; 6 alkaloids were found in A.momongholicus. Astragalus polysaccharides had very different because of different extraction processes. The polysaccharide structure would not be reviewed here, and the pharmacological effects would be reviewed in this paper mainly from the human immune system, anti-aging, anti-virus, anti-tumor and cardiovascular effects.关键词：Astragalus;Saponins;flavonoids;alkaloids;polysaccharide
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